MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

23.04.2007

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

SPICER INDIA LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

29, Milestone, Pune Nashik Highway, Village Kuruli Taluka Khed, Pune – 410501, Maharashtra

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2006

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

29.07.1993

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

11-73227

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U34300MH1993PLC073227

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

PNES11424A

 

 

PAN No.:

[Permanent Account No.]

AAECS1869C

 

 

Legal Form :

It is a closely held public limited liability company

 

 

Line of Business :

Designing, Manufacturing, Assembling, Contract for Buying, Selling, Hiring, Exporting, Importing, Distributing and Dealing in all types of universal joints, axles, transfer cases, drive shafts and components thereof for automotive applications whether in finished or semi-finished forms.

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

Ba

 


 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

Satisfactory

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 4500000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is a well established company having satisfactory track.  Trade relations are fair.  General financial position is satisfactory.  Payments are usually correct and as per commitments.

 

Nothing adverse reported.

 

The company can be considered normal for business dealings at usual trade terms and conditions.

 

It can be regarded as a promising business partner in a medium to long – run.

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

29, Milestone, Pune Nashik Highway, Village Kuruli Taluka Khed, Pune – 410501, Maharashtra, India

Tel. No.:

91-20-24102501/ 02 / 03/ 04 / 05

Fax No.:

91-2135-252229/24120516

E-Mail :

shrikantchoudhary@dana.com

subhashgupta@dana.com

mahendra.goyal@dana.com

Website :

http://www.dana.com

 

 

Factory :

Village, Jodalli, Taluka Kalghatgi, District Dharwad, Jodalli - 580 114, Karnataka

Tel. No. 91-836-2310482/3

Fax. No. 91-836-2310481

 

Plot 144, Sipcot Industrial Comples, Phase – I, Hosur - 635126, Tamilnadu

Tel. No. 91-4344-277026

Fax. No. 91-4344-277803

 

Gat No. 74/A, Tulja Bhavani Industrial Estate, Near to Additional M. I. D. C. Karandwadi, Satara –415004, Maharashtra

Tel. No. 91-2162-246503/4/6

Fax. No. 91-2162-246505

 

622-626, Kuruli - 410 501, Chakan, Pune, Maharashtra

Tel. No. 91-2135-252228

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

Name :

Mr. Deepak Chand Anand

Designation :

Chairman

Address :

1, Sri Aurobindo Marg, Hauz Khas, New Delhi - 110 016

Date of Birth/Age :

26/08/1933

Date of Appointment :

29/07/1993

 

 

Name :

Mr. Chandrakant Somabhai Patel

Designation :

Managing Director

Address :

A-1, Srirang Heavens, Pimplesh Saudagar Road, Anudh Camp, Pune - 411 027, Maharashtra

Date of Birth/Age :

10/09/1939

Date of Appointment :

20/01/2001

Profile :

Mr. C. S. Patel has a MS in Industrial Engineering from University of Minnesola and a MBA from the University of Detroit. He served with Ford Motor Company, USA for a period of five years before returning to India. Mr. Patel has held several assignments of increasing responsibility in Anand Group since 1974 especially as President of Human Resources and Business Development. Mr. Patel has spearheaded the operations of Spicer India Limited as Managing Director and greenfielded Driveshaft factories and Axle Plant. Presently, he is Chief Operating Officer of Anand Group

 

 

Name :

Mr. Sanjay Saksena

Designation :

Director

Address :

103 Bahunia, Nyati Estate, Off NIBM Road, Pune – 411001, Maharashtra

Date of Birth/Age :

02/01/1962

Date of Appointment :

27/09/2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. Dennis John Greenwald

Designation :

Director

Address :

3475, Shadywood Road, Lambert Ville,  Michigan, USA – 48144

Date of Birth/Age :

31/01/1947

Date of Appointment :

27/09/2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. Erine Johnson

Designation :

Director

Address :

Wingarte, Orchard, 25.3 Km. Palem – Gurgaon Road, Dundhara, Gurgaon, Haryana – 122001

Date of Birth/Age :

14/03/1952

Date of Appointment :

30/06/2003

 

 

Name :

Mr. Prakash Bhalekar

Designation :

Director

Address :

15 – 16 Anand Farm, Anfilco Colony, Dundahera, Gurgaon – 122001, Haryana

Date of Birth/Age :

09/12/1968

Date of Appointment :

27/02/2004

 

 

Name :

Mr. Daniel Thomas Cavanagh

Designation :

Director

Address :

7701 Blg BendCt., Sylvania, Ohio, U.S.A.

Date of Birth/Age :

22/06/1961

Date of Appointment :

27/09/2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. Krishnamurthy Naga

Subramainam

Designation :

Director

Address :

13-14, Anfilco Colony, 25.3 Km, Palam - Gurgaon Road, Dundhara, Gurgaon, Haryana – 122001

Date of Birth/Age :

15/07/1953

Date of Appointment :

27.09.2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. Deepak Chopra

Designation :

Director

Address :

7 & 8, Anfilco Housing Colony, Palam Gurgaon Road, Dundhara, Gurgaon – 122001, Haryana

Date of Birth/Age :

15/12/1954

Date of Appointment :

27/09/2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. Thomas R. Stone

Designation :

Director

Address :

332E, Front Street, Perrysburg, Ohio, U.S.A.

Date of Birth/Age :

12.06.1952

Date of Appointment :

27.09.2005

 

 

Name :

Mr. K. Mohan

Designation :

Director

Address :

A – 407, Casaansal, 18 B G Road, Bangalore – 560076, Karnataka, India

Date of Birth/Age :

17.03.1948

Date of Appointment :

21.12.2005

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

Name :

Mr. Mahendra Kumar Goyal

Designation :

Secretary

Address :

Flat 7, Building CB, 2nd Floor, Clarion Park, Aundh, Pune – 411007, Maharashtra, India

Date of Birth/Age :

01.11.1969

Date of Appointment :

09.06.2005

 

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS / SHAREHOLDING PATTERN

 

Names of Shareholders

 

No. of Shares

Dana Corporation

 

81416300

Anand Technology Resource Park Private Limited

 

6133491

Asia Investments Limited

 

21150205

Mr. Pravesh  Kumar  Srivastava

 

1

Mr. Chandrakant Somubhai Patel

 

1

Mr. K. K. Jaggi

 

1

Mr. Deepak Chopra

 

1

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Designing, Manufacturing, Assembling, Contract for Buying, Selling, Hiring, Exporting, Importing, Distributing and Dealing in all types of universal joints, axles, transfer cases, drive shafts and components thereof for automotive applications whether in finished or semi-finished forms.

 

 

Products :

Item Code No.

Product Description

8708.99.8080

Axles

8708.99.8080

Propeller Shafts Assembly

8708.99.8080

Yokes

 


PRODUCTION STATUS

 

Particulars

Unit

Installed Capacity

[ Per Annum]

Actual Production

Yokes

Nos.

3000000

2542459

Companion Flange

Nos.

500000

479257

V J Kits

Nos.

600000

36864

Propeller Shaft Assembly

Nos.

350000

617547

Axles

Nos.

150000

89203

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Suppliers :

Ř       Naveen Engineering

Ř       Amba Engineering Work

Ř       Vijaylaxmi  Gears

Ř       Shardha Tools & Dies

Ř       Avi Auto Riders Private Limited

Ř       Mantri Metalics Limited

Ř       Phoenix Sheet Converters

Ř       Siddhi Forge Limited

Ř       Water Treatment Services

Ř       Surnedra Forgings Limited

Ř       Wire Rings

Ř       Akshay Pressings

 

 

No. of Employees :

2000

 

 

Bankers :

Deutshe Bank

Bank of Nova Scotia

Mittal Towers, 'B' Wing, Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400 021

 

Standard Charted Grindlays Bank Limited

 

 

Facilities :

Secured Loans : Loans from Financial Institutions : Rs. 0.080 million

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

Good

 

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

Price Waterhouse

Chartered Accountants

Address :

252, Veer Savarkar Marg, Dadar, Mumbai – 400028, Maharashtra, India

PAN No.:

AAEFP3641G

 

 

Holding Company :

Dana Corporation

P. O. Box 1000, Toledo, OH 43697, USA

Tel. No. 419 535 4500

 

Subject is one of the world's largest suppliers of components, modules and complete systems to global vehicle manufacturers and their related after markets.  Founded in 1904 and based in Tolledo, Ohio, subject operates some 300 major facilities in 35 countries and employs more than 75000 people. It reported sales of US $ 12.3 billions in the year 2000.

 

 

Subsidiaries :

Ř       ROC Keeper, Taiwan

Ř       Dana Global Logistics Limited

Ř       Dana Spicer (Thailand) Limited

Ř       Dana Italia SPA

Ř       Dana Spicer Axle Europe

Ř       Dana Spicer Axle Carden SA

Ř       Dana India Private Limited    

Ř       Spicer Assembly Plant U.K.

Ř       Spicer France

Ř       Spicer Australia

Ř       Spicer Italy

Ř       Spicer Germany

Ř       Dana Technical Centre [GITC], U.S.A.

Ř       Spicer Axle South Africa

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

34000000

Equity Shares

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 340.000 millions

100000

Redeemable Preference Shares

Rs. 100/- each

Rs. 10.000 millions

 

TOTAL

 

Rs. 350.000 millions

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

108700000

Equity Shares

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 1087.000 millions

 


 

FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Share Capital

1087.000

1087.000

1087.000

2] Share Application Money

0.000

0.000

0.000

3] Reserves & Surplus

57.378

3.886

3.886

4] (Accumulated Losses)

0.000

[171.872]

[294.061]

NETWORTH

1144.378

919.014

796.825

LOAN FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Secured Loans

0.706

0.080

0.565

2] Unsecured Loans

33.189

52.762

359.831

TOTAL BORROWING

33.895

52.842

360.396

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1178.273

971.856

1157.221

 

 

 

 

APPLICATION OF FUNDS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FIXED ASSETS [Net Block]

749.983

800.810

715.596

Capital work-in-progress

50.712

26.820

23.871

 

 

 

 

INVESTMENT

26.012

0.012

0.012

DEFERREX TAX ASSETS

0.000

0.000

139.436

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES

 

 

 

 

Inventories

339.051

268.765

158.994

 

Sundry Debtors

684.490

576.769

334.143

 

Cash & Bank Balances

513.554

235.294

311.503

 

Other Current Assets

4.758

52.303

0.255

 

Loans & Advances

254.255

164.413

91.561

Total Current Assets

1796.108

1297.544

896.456

Less : CURRENT LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities

1305.357

1114.093

586.026

 

Provisions

139.717

40.188

33.495

Total Current Liabilities

1445.074

1154.281

619.521

Net Current Assets

351.034

143.263

276.935

 

 

 

 

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.532

0.951

1.371

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1178.273

971.856

1157.221

 


PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

Sales Turnover

4116.895

3291.789

2000.514

Increase / [Decrease] in stock

0.000

0.000

25.002

Other Income

139.454

144.538

458.554

Total Income

4256.349

3436.327

2484.070

 

 

 

 

Profit/(Loss) Before Tax

339.455

210.466

566.116

Provision for Taxation

55.731

88.277

53.439

Profit/(Loss) After Tax

283.724

122.189

512.677

 

 

 

 

Earnings in Foreign Currency :

 

 

 

 

Export Earnings

1305.209

1036.620

514.725

 

Commission Earnings

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

Other Earnings

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Earnings

1305.209

1036.620

514.725

 

 

 

 

Imports :

 

 

 

 

Raw Materials

N.A.

381.725

189.915

 

Stores & Spares

N.A.

0.000

0.000

 

Capital Goods

N.A.

99.505

43.106

 

Others

N.A.

0.000

0.000

Total Imports

N.A.

481.230

233.021

 

 

 

 

Expenditures :

 

 

 

 

Raw Material Consumed

2417.820

2098.222

1191.259

 

Salaries, Wages, Bonus, etc.

156.439

128.162

0.000

 

Managerial Remuneration

5.534

3.966

0.000

 

Payment to Auditors

2.085

2.020

0.000

 

Interest

1.692

3.599

10.531

 

Insurance Expenses

6.012

5.687

0.000

 

Power & Fuel

47.767

39.865

0.000

 

Depreciation & Amortization

0.000

0.000

111.721

 

Other Expenditure

1279.544

944.338

602.535

Total Expenditure

3916.893

3225.859

1916.046

 

KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

PAT / Total Income

(%)

6.66

3.55

20.63

 

 

 

 

 

Net Profit Margin

(PBT/Sales)

(%)

7.97

6.12

22.78

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

(PBT/Total Assets}

(%)

13.33

10.03

35.11

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

(PBT/Networth)

 

0.29

0.22

0.71

 

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Liability/Networth)

 

1.29

1.31

1.22

 

 

 

 

 

Current Ratio

(Current Asset/Current Liability)

 

1.24

1.12

1.44

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

BUSINESS

 

Subject is engaged in the business as designing, manufacturing, assembling, buying, selling, hiring, exporting, importing, distributing and dealing in all types of universal joints, axles, transfer cases, drive shafts and components thereof for automotive applications whether in finished or semi-finished forms.

 

Dana, USA is the world leader in Auto component manufacturing. The company in 1904 invented the Universal Joint. Since then Dana is leading the technology in propeller shafts worldwide. Dana is having around 500 facilities in 33 countries.

 

Anand Group, the Indian partner, is a leading manufacturer of a wide range of automotive components in India. The Group was established in 1961, and consists of 19 multi-location Companies, employing 4,000 people. The Group is a supplier of components to virtually every vehicle and engine manufacturer in India. The relationship of Dana with Anand is built over last 40 years and they are partners in India on many products including Brakes, Piston Rings and Gaskets.

 

The company was founded in 1993 to manufacture Drive shafts and Axles in India. During 2000, Company's Sales was nearly $35 Million. Company has two Divisions. Axle Division and Drive shaft Division.

 

Axle Division is located at Chakan in Pune, Maharashtra State, where Axle components are manufactured, assembled into Axles and supplied to the OE customers for vehicle fitment.

 

Drive shaft Division has 2 Operating Plants. Jodalli Plant near Hubli in Karnataka State manufactures components and Satara Plant, in Maharashtra State assembles the components into Drive shafts and supplies to the OE customers for vehicle fitment. The Division Office as well as the Corporate Office is located at Chakan, Maharashtra, along with the Axle Division office and Axle Plant.

 

Driveshaft Component Plant at Jodalli, Karnataka, meets the entire requirement of components both for domestic as well as for export. More than 50% of production capacity of this plant is currently exported to Dana plants in USA, UK, France, Australia, Mexico and Canada.


The company’s globally standard parts are common for Domestic and Export. It provides us opportunity to serve its domestic customers with the same products, which get fitted on Ford and GM trucks.

 

All facilities of the company have QS-9000 Certification. The company has also secured ISO 14001 Certification for environment protection system and OHSAS 18001 certification for health and safety assurance system. The company may be the first Auto component manufacturing company in India, securing all above certificates

 

Product Features for drive shaft

 

Superior features of Spicer Propeller Shafts include :

 

Ř       Glidecoated Tube Shaft to reduce friction and increase wear life of Slip Joint and Centre Bearing.

 

Ř       Better balanced and lightweight shafts with Half Round End Yoke design, which also reduce assembly / dismantling time and increase servicing efficiency in Field.

 

Ř       Superior Universal Joint, having metal backed seals, cold formed bearing cups with crowning, radius - ground trunnions for enhanced life and better seal fitting.

 

Ř       Centre Bearings specially designed for Propeller Shaft application and greased for life at factory. Design incorporates double race bearing, land-riding seals for improved grease retention and honeycomb rubber design to reduce vibrations and noise transmission.

 

 

The company is in trade terms with :

 

A. G. Plast

Accurate Products

Akshay Pressing

Beejay Engineers, Hubli

Creative Metal Craft

Delux Engineering, Mumbai

Dynam Pressing, Pune

Gaurav Engineers, Pune

Hindustan Gears Private Limited, Hubli

Innovative Concepts, Dharwad

Nichrome, Hubli

SMG Industries, Hubli

Suri Inudstries, Hubli

Udit Packaging Private Limited, Pune

Wire Rings, Mumbai

 

Fixed Assets :

 

Freehold Land, Leasehold Land, Buildings, Plant and Machinery, Furniture and Fixtures, Office Equipments, Computers and Vehicles.

 

Name of the company

SPICER INDIA LIMITED

Presented By

Mr. C. S. Patel, Managing Director

1) Date and description of instrument creating the change

Unattested Deed of Hypothecation of Stocks and Book Debts dated 02.11.1998

2) Amount secured by the charge/amount owing on the securities of charge

Rs. 180.000 millions

3) Short particular of the property charged. If the property acquired is subject to charge, date of the acquired of the property should be given

Hypothecation of company’s all present and future moveable current assets comprising of :

 

[a] Stock – in – trade including stocks of raw materials, goods-in-process, semi-finished and finished goods, consumable stores, spares;

 

[b] Book debts, outstanding, monies receivable, claims, bills, contracts, engagements and securities

4) Gist of the terms and conditions and extent and operation of the charge.

Interest Rate : Deutsche Bank Prime

Lending Rate [DBPLR]

Repayment : Repayable on Demand

Charge created as security for the credit facilities of Overdraft / Short Term Loan, Pre-Export Advance / Export Bill Purchased, Import / Inland usance Letter of Credit and Customs / Excise Guarantees totally aggregating to Rs. 180.000 millions

5) Name and Address and description of the person entitled to the charge.

Deutsche Bank

Hazarimal Somani Marg, Fort, Mumbai – 400001

6) Date  and brief description of instrument modifying the charge

First Supplemental Deed of Hypothecation of stocks & book debts dated 03.10.2000

7) Particulars of modifications specifying the terms and conditions or the extent of operations of the charge in which modification is made and the details of the modification.

a. The amount of charge increased from Rs. 180.000 millions to Rs. 210.000 millions

b. amount of credit facilities increased by the Bank from Rs. 180.000 millions to Rs. 210.000 millions

 

 

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No records exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                  None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.41.67

UK Pound

1

Rs.83.41

Euro

1

Rs.56.61

 

 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

6

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

6

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

6

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

5

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

5

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

5

--LEVERAGE

1~10

5

--RESERVES

1~10

5

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

5

--MARGINS

-5~5

-

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

YES

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

NO

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

YES

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

TOTAL

 

48

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 


 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Unfavourable & favourable factors carry similar weight in credit consideration. Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average/normal.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

NR

In view of the lack of information, we have no basis upon which to recommend credit dealings

No Rating

 

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