MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

18.05.2007

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

L AND T FINANCE LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

Ballard Estate, Mumbai;400001, Maharashtra

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2006

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

22.11.1994

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

083147

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U65990MH1994PLC083147

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

MUML04806E

 

 

PAN No.:

[Permanent Account No.]

AAACL1079R

 

 

Legal Form :

A Closely held Public Limited Liability Company

 

 

Line of Business :

Subject is a Non Banking Finance company Providing Leasing and hire Purchase Services.

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

A

 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

Fairly Large

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 8600000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is a well-established and reputed company and a part of Larsen and Tourbo Group. The company is progressing well. Directors are reported as experienced and respectable businessmen. Trade relations are reported as fair. Business is active. Payments are usually correct and as per commitments.

 

Fundamentals are strong and healthy.

 

The company can be considered normal for business dealings at usual trade terms and conditions.

 

The company can be regarded as promising business partner in a medium to long-run.

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

Ballard Estate, Mumbai;400001, Maharashtra, India

 

 

Corporate Office :

L&T Finance Limited

3B, Laxmi Towers, C-25, 'G' Block, 

Bandra-Kurla Complex, 

Bandra (E), Mumbai -400 051.

Tel. No.:

91-22- 5556 9800.

Fax No.:

91-022- 5556 9898

 

 

Accountant Office:

"H" Wing, 1st Floor, Tex Cetre,

Off Saki Vihar Road,

Chandivali, Andheri (E),

Mumbai - 400 072.

Tel. No.:

91-22-2847 4400

Fax No.:

91-22 2847 0404

 

 

Back Office:

L&T Finance Limited

802, Swastik Chambers,

8 th Floor, CST Road,

Chembur, Mumbai -400 071

Tel. No.:

91-22- 5575 2700.

Fax No.:

91-22-2527 2210

 

 

Branches :

Barbil
Maa Tarini Complex,

AT/PO Bhadrasahi, Via Barbil,

Rourkela Road,

Dist. Keonjhar,

Orissa – 758 035.

Mobile No. 094370 16162

Bhubaneshwar
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
559, Lewis Road,
Bhubaneshwar – 751 014.
Tel No. (0674) 253 7707
Fax. (0674) 253 7307

Durgapur
A 1/11, Astraunaut Avenue,

Bidhan Nagar,

Durgapur – 713 212.

Tel. No. 094340 34889

Fax. (0343) 253 6493

 

Guwahati
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
Milanpur Road , Bamuni Maidan,
Guwahati – 781 021.
Tel. No. (0361) 265 3673
Fax. (0361) 255 1308

Kolkata
3 B, Shakespeare Sarani,
Kolkata – 700 071.
Tel. No. (033) 2282 3551
Fax. (033) 2282 7419

Rourkela
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
Sector-19,
Rourkela – 769 001,
Orrissa.
Tel. No. (0661) 2464 8968.
Fax. (0661) 2464 2005.

Ahmedabad
501, Sakar Complex,
Opp. Gandhigram Rly. Stn.,
Ashram Road,
Ahmedabad - 380 009.
Tel. No. (079) 5530 4015
Fax. (079) 2658 0491

Bhopal
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
131/1, Zone -11, M.P. Nagar,
Bhopal – 462 011.
Tel No: (0755) 527 7587
Fax No: (0755) 527 7587

Nagpur
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
8 B Farmland, Ramdaspeth,
Nagpur – 440 010.
Tel. No. (0712) 242 0649/ 242 0634
Fax. (0712) 242 0618

Pune
191/1, Dhole Patil Road,
Pune – 411 001.
Tel. No. (020) 26114008
Fax. (020) 2611 4008.

Chandigarh
32, Sector 26-D,
Madhya Marg, P.O. Box 14,
Chandigarh
– 160 019.
Tel. No. (0172) 279 0509
Fax. (0172) 279 2764

Lucknow
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
A-28, Indira Nagar, Faizabad Road,
Lucknow
– 226 016.
Tel No. (0522) 309 8958

New Delhi
32, Shivaji Marg,
P.O. Box 6223 ,
New Delhi
– 110 015.
Tel. No. (011) 5141 9646
Fax. (011) 2591 6224

Bangalore
No.38 Cubbon Road
,
P.O. Box 5098 ,
Bangalore
– 560 001
Tel. No. (080) 2502 0119
Fax. (080) 559 1623.

Chennai
Adwave Towers , Ground Floor,
“A” Block, 9 South Boag Road,
T. Nagar,
Chennai – 600 017.
Tel. No. (044) 5212 9074
Fax. (044) 5212 9078

Hyderabad
201, 2 nd Floor, Dega Towers,
6-3-1085, Raj Bhavan Road,
Somajiguda,
Hyderabad – 500 082.
Tel. No. (040) 5575 4123
Fax. (040) 2339 4394

Kochi
Sky Bright Bldg., M.G. Road,
Ravipuram Junction,
Ernakulam, Cochi – 682 106.
Tel. No. (0484) 235 9357
Fax. (0484) 237 2982

Madurai
C/o Larsen & Toubro Ltd.,
Plot No. 518, 4th Main Road,
K.K. Nagar, Madurai - 625 020.
Tel. No. (0452) 252 1068
Fax. (0452) 253 7552.

Salem
8/150-D, Manimegalai Street,
Fairlands, Salem,
Tamil Nadu - 636 016.
Tel. No. (0427) 404 0945.

Vijayawada
40-5-6/1, Tikkil Road, Labbipet,
Vijayawada – 520 010.
Tel. No. (0866) 5556 8529
Fax. (0866) 248 5274.

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

Name :

Mr. R. Shankar Raman

Designation :

Director

 

 

Name :

Mr. J.P.Nayak

Designation :

Director

 

 

Name :

Mr. Y M Deosthalee

Designation :

Director

 

 

Name :

Mr. N. Sivaraman

Designation :

Director

 

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

Name :

Mr. V C  Raje

Designation :

Vice President and Company Secretary

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Subject is a Non Banking Finance company Providing Leasing and hire Purchase Services.

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Bankers :

Not Available

 

 

Facilities :

--

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

Satisfactory

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

175000000

Equity Sahres

Rs.10/- each

Rs.1750.000 Millions

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

99191500

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- each

Rs.991.915 Million

 

FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Share Capital

991.900

866.900

866.900

2] Share Application Money

0.000

0.000

0.000

3] Reserves & Surplus

1159.100

472.700

330.400

4] (Accumulated Losses)

0.000

0.000

0.000

NETWORTH

2151.000

1339.600

1197.300

LOAN FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Secured Loans

5787.00

2772.200

3168.300

2] Unsecured Loans

5518.500

4420.700

1764.000

TOTAL BORROWING

11305.500

7192.900

4932.300

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

13456.500

8532.500

6129.600

 

 

 

 

APPLICATION OF FUNDS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FIXED ASSETS [Net Block]

1995.800

1240.400

965.000

Capital work-in-progress

236.100

269.700

122.100

 

 

 

 

INVESTMENT

116.100

623.500

406.500

DEFERREX TAX ASSETS

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES

 

 

 

 

Other Current Assets

616.500

527.600

977.400

 

Loans & Advances

11439.900

6571.500

4247.900

Total Current Assets

12056.400

7099.100

5225.300

Less : CURRENT LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities

947.900

700.200

589.300

 

Provisions

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Current Liabilities

947.900

700.200

589.300

Net Current Assets

11108.500

6398.900

4636.000

 

 

 

 

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

13456.500

8532.500

6129.600

 


PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

Sales Turnover

1447.400

1095.900

743.200

Other Income

67.100

4.500

59.400

Total Income

1214.500

1100.400

802.600

 

 

 

 

Profit/(Loss) Before Tax

427.000

260.300

143.200

Provision for Taxation

75.700

20.000

8.800

Profit/(Loss) After Tax

351.300

240.300

134.400

 

 

 

 

Expenditures :

 

 

 

 

Administrative Expenses

185.200

234.600

199.600

 

Interest and Finance Charges

708.100

471.00

372.000

 

Depreciation & Amortization

194.200

134.500

87.800

Total Expenditure

1087.500

840.100

659.400

 

 

KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2006

31.03.2005

31.03.2004

Debt-Equity Ratio

5.30

4.78

4.94

Long Term Debt-Equity Ratio

2.37

2.78

3.59

Current Ratio

1.61

1.94

2.83

TURNOVER RATIOS

 

 

 

Fixed Assets

0.78

0.85

0.95

Inventory

10.37

2.33

0.81

Debtors

8.28

10.71

15.48

Interest Cover Ratio

1.60

1.55

1.38

Operating Profit Margin(%)

87.77

78.68

75.13

Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%)

74.95

66.46

64.19

Cash Profit Margin(%)

36.02

34.06

27.69

Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%)

23.20

21.84

16.75

Return On Capital Employed(%)

10.32

9.98

8.92

Return On Net Worth(%)

20.13

18.94

13.81

 

STOCK PRICES

 

Face Value

Rs.10.00

High

Rs.0.00

Low

Rs.0.00

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

As Per Web Site:

Corporate Profile

History of L&T Finannce

 

The company launched its business with a focus on corporate finance services to the medium sized enterprises. Traditional financing products such as equipment leasing, hire purchase and bill discounting were offered to business enterprises. However, over the years the focus has shifted to the requirements of blue chip clientele in form of vendor assistance, dealers financing, channel financing apart from leasing of machinery, vehicles and computer systems.

The group’s business interest is majorly in the following:

• Leasing (financial and operating)

• Construction equipment financing

• Receivables financing

• Vendor financing

• Sales-aid funding

• IPO funding

• Commercial vehicle financing

• Financing Securitised receivables

• LTF has launched “TracFin Scheme” for financing the authorised dealers of L&T John Deere Pvt. Ltd. and

“Kisan Gaurav” scheme for end use customers.

 

About Them:

The Comapny a Non Banking Finance Company was incorporated in November 1994 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Larsen & Tourbo Limited . The company was incorporated with a view to synergise with the opportunities provided by L&T. Through LTF, L&T aims at making a strong foray in the ever increasing financial

 

services sector.

Despite the turbulence in the financial services markets over the past few years, L&T Finance has adapted well to the changing market dynamics to remain consistently profitable. Like the rest of L&T enterprises, the company is professionally managed. The company has an asset base of Rs. 580 crores and an enviable client list comprising of the best of the corporate entities and construction majors in the country.

 

Given L&T's focus on the construction sector and its manufacturing base for construction equipment, L&T Finance has extended its financing services to the construction segment in a big way. The Group's deep knowledge of the construction equipment, its involvement in the construction activities and the constant interface with the contractors, big and small, have all provided L&T Finance the additional edge to compete profitably in this growing segment.

 

Keeping abreast of the dynamic economic scenario and with its focus on rediscovering the rural potential, the company has recently launched the TracFin scheme for channeling business between L&T John Deere Pvt. Ltd. and the authorised dealers of LTJD.

 

Branches

LTF with its head-office at Mumbai has an enviable network of over 16 branches spread over 16 cities across the country. LTF's expansion plans take into account the need to have a presence in all major industrial and commercial centres where its corporate customers are located as well as the need to build a strong retail customer base for the products its offers.


The company operates through 16 branches (including Delhi, Chennai, Calcutta, Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune, Hyderabad, Baroda, Ahmedabad, Vijaywada, Bhubaneshwar, Jaipur, Cochin, Nagpur, Chandigarh and Guwahati).

 

 

Construction Equipment Financing

Nature and Purpose of the division:

The Construction Equipment Financing Division offers various financial products such as Hire Purchase, Term Loan, Lease, and Bill Discounting to advance financial assistance to the contractors and sub contractors. The division was set up in Aug’97, in order to leverage upon the opportunities provided by the construction equipment division of L&T. In the initial thrust, LTF began to fund the equipment manufactured by L&T, L&T Komatsu Ltd. and L&T Case Equipment Ltd. like Track mould excavators, Graders, Dozers, Vibratory compactors and Loader back-hoes. Today, LTF has become a key player in the equipment finance segment, after gaining sufficient experience and skill in the business and has also built a huge customer base.


Based on the experience for last 5 to 6 years in this segment, the division has built skilled manpower, and knowledge base to handle any intricacies in repossession of assets. Because of these skills developed over the years, LTF is able to manage this segment efficiently. At present, the customer base of this division is over 1100 including L&T related customer. Currently the division operates through 13 branches namely, Delhi, Jaipur, Kolkatta, Chennai, Hyderabad, Vijaywada, Pune, Nagpur, Cochin, Chandigarh, Bhubneshwar, Guwahati and Bangalore.

The division is also considering exposures on Infrastructure Projects based on various factors like viability of the project, cash flows arising from the project, Government department awarding the tender, the construction company involved in the execution of the contract etc.


Some of the other key drivers providing a thrust to this division are:

1.The road sector is expected to drive equipment demand for over Rs.4000 crores
2.Mining sector would require new and sophisticated equipment with increasing privatisation and performance linked payments becoming the norm.

3.The irrigation sector is also likely to fuel demand with the National River Grid expected to start work in FY06.

 

Retail Products Financing

Nature and Purpose of the division:

The Retail Products Division is the most recent Business Unit in L&T Finance Ltd. launched with its focus on rediscovering the rural potential basically the agricultural sector. Since the Government of India has classified farm mechanisation as a priority sector, a new division has been incorporated to explore this opportunity. The division mainly caters to the Tracfin Scheme (Channel Financing) for the authorised dealers of L&T John Deere Pvt. Ltd. & Kisan Gaurav - the end customer financing of L&T John Deere tractors.

 

TracFin Scheme

TracFin Scheme is a user friendly scheme devised by L&T Finance Ltd. to provide short term working capital assistance to selected authorised dealers of L&T John Deere Pvt. Ltd. to facilitate additional sale of tractors.
The scheme was launched in August 2001 and has seen exponential growth since then. As on 31st March 2004, LTF has 100 authorised dealers of LTJD registered under the TracFin Scheme. The process of TracFin scheme is simple and easy to understand having a simple set of procedures & standard documentation, which needs to be completed, to get registered under the Scheme.


The terms of the scheme have been based on market conditions prevalent at present. LTF shall review the scheme from time to time and revise, if necessary, such terms and conditions as may be required. New innovative schemes are being launched to augment the dealer use the market potential to the fullest extent.


Kisan Gaurav

Kisan Gaurav is the retail finance scheme launched for the dealer of L&T John Deere Pvt. Ltd. registered under the TracFin scheme. This end customer-financing scheme was launched in November 2002 to give credit to the dealers in the easy recovery of the dues for the tractors sold by them.

 

The scheme has been launched in the state of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, MadhyaPradesh, Chattisgarh, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana & Rajasthan.

 

The salient features of the scheme are as follows:

1. A choice of financing plans ranging from 1 - 5 years for land mortgage cases and 1 - 3 years for cases without land mortgage.

2. Quick processing of the finance proposals. Applicant & guarantors have to fill up simple application form and provide certain minimum documents for scrutiny. Approval / rejection of a case is conveyed immediately (subject to field verification).

3. Three tier structure of financing plans i.e. Standard Plans, Special Plans & Festival Plans.

4. Kisan Gaurav Club Membership (Scheme to be announced).

5. Loyalty Plans (Scheme to be announced).

6. Prepayment Rebate/s (Scheme to be announced).

 

Corporate Products Financing

Nature and Purpose of the division:

This division mainly caters to the financial requirements of the corporates through products like Term Loan, Hire Purchase Finance, Vendor Financing, Lease, Medical Equipment Financing and Receivable Discounting. The Department has recently ventured into offering new products like IPO Financing and Commercial Vehicles

 

Financing to customers.

Some of the products being offered by L&T Finance Limited are as follows:

It is a contract in which a specific equipment required by the lessee/ user is purchased by LTF/ lessor from a manufacturer/ vendor selected by user. The lessee has possession and use of the asset on payment of the specified rentals over a predetermined period of time. Thus LTF is a nominal owner of the asset as the possession and economic use of the equipment vests in the lessee. The lessee is free to choose the asset according to his requirements and LTF does not take recourse to the equipment as long as the rentals are regularly paid to him. LTF undertakes both financial lease and operating lease

 

Financing against Equity and Equity Issues

This product aims at providing investors with an opportunity to apply for shares of companies that are offering a public issue of shares. LTF provides finance for the requirement of the investor with the investor having to put in only a margin of the total investment thus enabling the investor to apply for a larger number of shares with a given amount of available funds

 

Vendor Finance Scheme 

Vendor Finance Scheme is a user-friendly scheme designed by L&T Finance Ltd to provide financial assistance against the invoices of L&T and group companies to the vendors of L&T and group companies

 

Commercial Vehicle Finance

Commercial Vehicle Finance is offered both for new and used heavy and light commercial vehicles from Telco, Ashok Leyland, Mahindra & Mahindra, Eicher, Bajaj Tempo and other companies. This finance facility helps the operators to acquire vehicles with minimum hassle and documentation.


Hire Purchase Finance

Hire Purchase Finance is financial assistance provided by LTF to corporates who wish to buy machines/ assets. LTF finances a major portion of the capital investment with the buyer having to put in a margin amount. The amount is then repaid over a period of time through Equated Monthly Installments. LTF has lien over the asset till the last installment is paid

 

Medifin Scheme 

Medifin Scheme is scheme designed by LTF to provide financial assistance to purchasers of medical equipment from L&T distributors.

 

Receivables Discounting 

Under this product offering, future receivables of huge corporates are financed thus assisting the customers to access ready available funds.

 

Term Loan

Term Loan is loan facility provided to the borrower usually against future receivables or against assets of the borrower. These assets are secured/ Hypothecated in favour of LTF. The repayment schedule is customized based on the borrowers requirements and the repayments are either monthly/ quarterly and in advance/ arrears

Inter-Corporate Deposits

ICDs are short term deposits with other companies as an investment of short tem funds. Usually transaction on account of ICDs are with post dated cheque for the principal and interest amount in addition to a Demand Promissory Note. The rate of interest is function of many factors like tenure of ICD, market rate, and volume. The interest & the principal is usually collected at the end of the tenure.

 

Loans Against Shares

Here, financial assistance is given against shares of approved shares majorly group ‘A’ for a maximum period of 360 days, though generally for 180 days. Principal is collected at the end of the tenure of the loan with interest collections either front-ended or rear-ended. The securities selected have a margin of 40-100% over and above the loan amount. These margins are maintained at all times during the tenure of the loan.

 

 

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                  None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.40.90

UK Pound

1

Rs.80.78

Euro

1

Rs.55.18

 

 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

5

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

7

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

5

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

9

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

4

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

8

--LEVERAGE

1~10

8

--RESERVES

1~10

8

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

8

--MARGINS

-5~5

 

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

YES

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

NO

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

YES

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

TOTAL

 

64

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 


 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Unfavourable & favourable factors carry similar weight in credit consideration. Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average/normal.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

NR

In view of the lack of information, we have no basis upon which to recommend credit dealings

No Rating

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