MIRA
INFORM REPORT
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Report Date : |
25.05.2007 |
IDENTIFICATION DETAILS
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Name : |
GOVERNMENT OF CHHATTISGARH |
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Registered Office : |
Jansampark Chowk, |
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Country : |
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RATING & COMMENTS
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MIRA’s Rating : |
A |
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RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
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56-70 |
A |
Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General
unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for
payment of interest and principal sums |
Fairly Large |
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Maximum Credit Limit : |
-- |
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Status : |
Good |
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Payment Behaviour : |
Slow |
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Litigation : |
-- |
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Comments : |
Subject is a state Government of India. Lenders and Creditors can feel
confident of the Central Government’s exposure. Payments are reported as slow
nature of the work procedure. However it can be considered good for business dealings at usual trade
terms and conditions. |
LOCATIONS
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Registered Office : |
Jansampark Chowk, |
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Tel. No.: |
91-771- 221612-14 |
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Fax No.: |
91-771- 229402 |
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E-Mail : |
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Website : |
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Managing Director: |
Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation Limited (CSIDC) B-4, Mr Colony Shailendra Nagar, |
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Tel. No.: |
91-771-420094, 42904 |
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Fax No.: |
91-771-429025 |
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E-Mail : |
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Web site: |
DIRECTORS
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Minister of State: |
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Rajya Sabha
LOK SABHA
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LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION
As Per Web Site:
PROFILE
Chhattisgarh, a 21st century State, came
into being on
Chhattisgarh is
truly a land of opportunities. With all major minerals including diamonds in
abundance, it is the richest State in mineral resources. There are mega
industries in Steel, Aluminium and Cement. Chhattisgarh contributes
substantially to the Human Resources of India. Several hundred students from
the State qualify for admissions in prestigious academic institutions every
year. Bhilai, the knowledge capital of the State, alone sends over 50 students
to the elite Indian Institutes of Technology every year. A unique Private
Universities Act has been passed to attract investments in quality
higher-education.
Its large power surplus is attracting power-intensive
industries, and the State is poised to become the power-hub of the nation. Its
central location helps easy power transmission to any part of the country. The
State is supplying power to
12% of
The City of
One third of
Chhattisgarh's population is of tribes, mostly in the thickly forested areas in
the North and South. The central plains of Chhattisgarh are known as the “Rice
Bowl” of
Bastar is known the world over for its unique and
distinctive tribal heritage. The Bastar Dassera is the traditional celebration
of the gaiety of our tribals. All of Chhattisgarh has many virgin, unexplored
tourism destinations.
Above all, the
State's biggest asset is its 208 lakh people. The people are friendly, open,
warm and industrious. Chhattisgarh has an enviable record of social harmony and
maintenance of public order. Upholding the Rule of Law is top priority for the
Government.
“Our focus is on two areas- good governance and good infrastructure. If
we can provide these two, the rest will follow.”
The name Chhattisgarh is not ancient and has come into
popular usage in the last few centuries. In ancient times the region was called
Dakshin Kosala. All inscription, literary works and the accounts of foreign
travelers, call this region Kosala of Dakshin Kosala. According to Hari Thakur,
the contest between
A British Chronicler, J.B. Beglar provides and interesting
story explaining the origins of the name Chhattisgarh. It becomes very relevant
in the context of contemporary caste consciousness and the caste configuration
of the region. According to Beglar "the real name is Chhattisghar and not
Chhattisgarh. There is a tradition saying that ages ago about the time of
Jarasandha, thirty six families of dalits (leather workers) emigrated
southwards from Jarasandha's kingdom and established themselves in country,
which after them is called Chhattisgarh". Another common explanation
regarding the origins of the name Chhattisgarh is that it denotes the number of
forts in the region, which are supposed to be thirty six in number. However,
experts do not agree with this explanation, as thirty-six forts cannot be
identified in the region. An explanation popular with the experts and
historians in that Chhattisgarh is the corrupted form of 'Chedisgarh' or the
political seat of the Chedis.
According to a mythological legend, Ram, during his Vanvas
stayed in Dakshin Kosala. Which is modern day Chhattisgarh. The unbroken
history of Chhattisgarh or of
The Marathas attacked Chhattisgarh in 1741 and destroyed the
Haihaya power. In 1745 AD after conquering the region, they deposed Raghunathsinghji,
the last surviving member of the Ratanpur house. In 1758, the Maraths finally
annexed Chhattisgarh, it came directly under Maratha rule and Bimbaji Bhonsle,
was appointed the rule. After death of Bimbaji Bhonsle, the Marathas adopted
the Suba system. The Maratha rule was a period of unrest and misrule. There was
large-scale loot and plunder by the Maratha army. The Maratha officials were
openly surrendering the interests of the region to the British. As a result of
this, the region became extremely poor and the people began resenting the
Maratha rule. Only the Gonds continued to resist and challenge the advances of
the Marathas and this led to several conflicts and much animosity between the
Gonds and the Marathas (Captain Blunt, 1975). The Pindaris also attacked and
plundered the region in the beginning of the Nineteenth Century.
In 1818 Chhattisgarh came under some sort of British control
for the first time. In 1854, when the
The First war of independence in 1857 was spearheaded in
Chhattisgarh by Vir Narain Singh who was a benevolent jamindar of Sonakhan. The
British arrested him in 1856 for looting a trader's grain stocks and
distributing it amongst the poor in a severe famine year. In 1857 with the help
of the solders of the British Army at
Social Structure and Configuration
Women in Chhattisgarh have traditionally enjoyed a kind of
freedom denied to women elsewhere in the country. This position of women
continues to be very much the same even in modern times. This comes out
strongly from available data and from the general Development index in the Human
Development Report (1998) of the Government of Madhya Pradesh. The districts of
Chhattisgarh fare much better and rank higher in the Gender Development Index
than most other districts of Madhya Pradesh. The relative freedom to women is
evident in the local traditions and customs. The Pardah system, present in one
form or the other in many parts of
The population of Chhattisgarh is notable for the high
proportion of Scheduled Tribes and for specific Sects primarily constituted of
Schedule Castes. Of the total population of Chhattisgarh, tribals constitute at
least 32.5%, which is a significantly high percentage. In the last few decades,
the demographic profile of tribal dominated areas has undergone a change. This is
a cause for concern as it represents large-scale intrusion of non tribals in
tribal areas. This changing demographic profile is strongly evident in Bastar,
where the proportion of tribals has decreased in the last few decades. The
tribal areas of Chhattisgarh have witnessed several rebellions starting from
1774 onwards against the intrusion by outsiders, primarily the British, in the
domain of traditional rights and the tribal way of life. Interestingly, since
the 17th century, the social history of the non-tribal areas of
Chhattisgarh has been marked by reform movements such as the Satnam sect. Kabir
Panthis and the Movements of share croppers and agricultural labour. Despite
presence of a high tribal population and religious reform movements, the region
is also the domain of classic Hindu culture (although in some rituals the
impact of tribal rituals can be identified), in which the cult of Ram assumes
an essential and central role. Impact of this domination in evident and has its
manifestations in the growth of sectarian formations is contemporary politics.
In
The Movement for Prathak Chhattisgarh
The demand for a separate Chhattisgarh state was first raised in the early twenties. Similar demands kept cropping up at regular intervals; however, a well-organised movement was never launched. Several efforts were made by individuals and organisations towards highlighting the Chhattisgarh identity and expressing the sense of perceived marginalisation. There were certain protests with mass support but these were limited and sporadic. There were several all-party platforms formed and they usually resolved around petitions, public meetings, seminars, rallies and bandhs.
A demand for separate Chhattisgarh was raised in 1924 by the
Raipur Congress unit, and later on also discussed in the Annual Session of the
Indian Congress at Tripuri. A discussion also took place of forming a Regional
Congress organisation for Chhattisgarh. Sporadic attempts to give a call for a
separate state for Chhattisgarh continued in the years immediately following
When the State Reorganisation Commission was set up in 1954,
the demand for a separate Chhattisgarh was put forward to it, through this was
not accepted. It was reported that the State Reorganisation Commission rejected
the demand for Chhattisgarh on the grounds that the prosperity of Chhattisgarh
would compensate for the poverty of other regions of Madhya Pradesh.
The eighties were a comparatively quiet phase in the demand
for Chhattisgarh. The 1990's saw more activity for a demand for the new state,
such as formation of a state wide political forum, especially the Chhattisgarh
Rajya Nirman Manch. The Late Chadulal Chadrakar led this forum, several
successful region-wide Bandhs and rallies were organised under the banner of
the forum all of which were supported by major political parties including the
Congress and the BJP. The rallies of the all party forum were attended by
leaders from most political parties.
The Congress Government of Madhya Pradesh took the first institutional and legislative initiative for the creation of Chhattisgarh. On the 18 of March 1994, a resolution demanding a separate Chhattisgarh was tabled and unanimously approved by the Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha. Both the Congress and the Bhartiya Janta Party supported the resolution. The election manifestos of the Congress and the BJP for both the 1998 and the 1999 parliamentary elections as well as the Madhya Pradesh assembly election of 1998 included the demand for creation of separate Chhattisgarh. In 1998, the BJP led Union Government drafted a bill for the creation of a separate state of Chhattisgarh from sixteen districts of Madhya Pradesh. This draft bill was sent to the Madhya Pradesh assembly for approval. It was unanimously approved in 1998, although with certain modifications. The union government did not survive and fresh elections were declared. The new National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government sent the redrafted Separate Chhattisgarh Bill for the approval of the Madhya Pradesh Assembly, where it was once again unanimously approved and then it was tabled in the Lok Sabha. This bill for a separate Chhattisgarh was passed in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, paving the way for the creation of a separate state of Chhattisgarh. The President of India gave his consent to The Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act 2000 on the 25 of August 2000. The Government of India subsequently set the First day of November 2000 as the day on which the state of Madhya Pradesh would be bifurcated into Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. Many political observers have commented on the relatively peaceful manner in which the Chhattisgarh state has been created.
There is no single factor responsible for the creation of
Chhattisgarh. It is in fact a complex interplay of a combination of factors
that paved the path for a separate state. The long standing demand and the
movement for Uttarakhand and Jharkhand which led to the acceptance of separate
states for these two regions, created a sensitive environment for the Prithak
Chhattisgarh demand. Therefore, the creation of Chhattisgarh coincided with the
creation of these two states and became a concurrent process. Another important
factor leading to the creation of Chhattisgarh was that there was clear
acceptance, within Chhattisgarh and outside that Chhattisgarh had a distinct
socio-cultural regional identity that had evolved over centuries. A consensus
had evolved and emerged on the distinctiveness of Chhattisgarh. The people of
Chhattisgarh accepted this and saw Prithak Chhattisgarh as giving expression to
this identity. A sense of relative deprivation had also developed in the region
and people felt that a separate state was imperative for development to take
place in the region. In a democratic polity, the people's demand has a high
degree of legitimacy and weight. Therefore the people's demand voiced through
democratic channels was heard and contributed immensely to the creation of
Chhattisgarh.
The consensus regarding the distinctiveness of Chhattisgarh
did not remain limited to its socio-cultural identity. All over Madhya Pradesh,
the consensus on a need for separate Chhattisgarh was also carefully developed.
This consensus cuts across geographical regions castes, classes and political
parties. A strong reflection of this consensus was evident in the unanimous
passing of the Chhattisgarh bill in the Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha. This
consensus is a pointer to the high degree of maturity of Madhya Pradesh polity
and the smooth passage of the Prithak Chhattisgarh bill resulting in the
peaceful and unanimous creation of a new state a tribute to this maturity.
Chhattisgarh primarily due to its large tribal population has historically not been a part of the mainstream and has therefore remained underdeveloped. Critical indicators for education and health have remained low. However, as stated above, the region was influenced by mainstream traditional Hindu culture as the overaching organising principle despite the presence of a large percentage of Scheduled Castes and Tribes. This oppressive, hierarchical social and religious order was not accepted, and from the 17th century onwards, the social history of Chhattisgarh is marked by the process of questioning and protests in the form of a number of socio-religious reform movements. These movements established a tradition of protest and have played a critical role in creation of the identity of Chhattisgarh, Initiated by sects like the Satnam Panth, the kabirpanthis and the Raedasis spread over all over Chhattisgarh, they carried the message of equality. Often the spread of these movement was within the boundaries of Chhattisgarh and therefore these movements contributed indirectly towards creating a regional consciousness.
An illustrative case would be the Satnam Panth, which
emerged as sectarian formation, primarily reconstituting a small number of
dalit groups by incorporating them as Satnamis, The Satnam Panths was an
attempt to negotiate and cope with the cultural and economic processes in
Chhattisgarh in the nineteenth century. It was a new sect, formed primarily
amongst the poors of Chhattisgarh in the second decade of the nineteenth
century and was led by Ghasidas, a humble farm worker. This community
constituted a significant proportion, a little less then one sixth, of the
total population of Chhattisgarh. They either owned land or were sharecroppers
and farm workers. The new sect was given the name of Satnam and its followers
were expected to believe only in the formless - Satnam or the true name.
Gradually, the followers of this sect were given the name satnamis. Satnamis
abstain from meat, liquor, tobacco, certain vegetables and red pulses. Satnam
Panth rejected the deities and idols of the Hindu pantheon. The panth preaches
a casteless order. Guru Ghasidas initiated a Guru parampara in
the sect, which became hereditary. The main religious centres of the sect in
Chhattisgarh are Bhandar and Girod.
In the nineteenth century a new system of property rights
and revenue collection known as the malgujari settlement was intorduced in
Chhattisgarh. The new system was implemented with the sole purpose of
expropriation and exploitation of marginal farmers, sharcropers and farm
servants by the upper caste Malgujars. Satnam Panth and its followers responded
to this exploitative system through various strategies. In several cases the
Satnamis deserted villages or continued with the process of Lakhabatta or the
periodic redistribution of land, despite the implementation of the new system.
Their united challenge to the upper caste Malgujars over the issues of rent and
loss of land in the last decade of the nineteenth century was a reflection of
the solidarity of Satnamis . This form of protest and response to the new
system or property rights and malgujari settlements was widespread among the
Satnamis of Chhattisgarh.
The primary concern of the Anglo Maratha politics in the
Nineteenth century was of expropriation and consolidation of power. Guru
Ghasidas the founder of the Satmani sect realised this. He believed that the
politics of the Anglo-Marathas was deprived of morality. He worked towards
uniting all downtrodden persons to morally oppose the immoral politics of the
British The people of Chhattisgarh realised the potential threat of the British
and were terror struck by the exploitative nature of their policies. Despite
this, they were unable to unite under one flag to oppose the British. It was at
this juncture that Ghasidas made efforts to unite the people of Chhattisgarh
through the ideology of equality and non-violence.
Other sects emerged in response to the hierarchical social
order and linked Chhattisgarh to other social reform movements in the country.
However the regional specificities of these sects remained unaltered.
Kabir Panthis for example, are largely recruited from dalits
and have a substantial presence in Chhattisgarh. The followers of this sect
adhere to the teachings and principles of Kabir, the revolutionary social
reformer saint poet of the sixteenth century. The centres of Kabir Panth
activities are monasteries which are placed in the charge of Mahants. In
Chhattisgarh, Kabir Panthi monasteries are in Kudurmal, Kharsia, Champa, Hardi,
Bangoli, Banni, Dhamdha, Panda, Tarai and Ratanpur. The Kabir Panth does not
believe in caste hierarchies. However in contemporary times the Panth has been
divided along caste lines. The only time that they do not adhere to caste
hierarchies is in the presence of the Chief Guru on the birth anniversary of
Kabir. All who desire to become members of the Panth are required to renounce
polytheism and to acknowledge their belief in only one god. The Kabir Panth of
Chhattisgarh are descendents of Dharmadasa, one of the disciples of Kabir who
established the Panth in Chhattisgarh. There fore the branch of the Kabir Panth
in Chhattisgarh is also known as Dharmadasa or Bhai branch.
The Ramnami Panth is small sect in Chhattisgarh with a
membership primarily from the dalit community. This sect propagates the cult of
Rama among the dalits and does not believe in Brahmins as a medium for
worshipping god. Ramnamis are found chiefly on the southern side of the
The social religious reformer Ramananda had a committed
dalit follower from Chhattisgarh. His name was Ravi Das or Rae Das. Gradually,
the followers of Rae Das formed a separate sect and started calling themselves
Rae Das Panthis or simply Raedasis. A striking similarity between all these
sects is that the followers are drawn mostly from the Dalit communities.
Secondly all these sects spread the message of equality.
The most widespread and important rebellion was the Bhumkal
rebellion of 1910 that spread to 46 of the 84 parganas of Bastar. The term
Bhumkal is significant as it refers to the social solidarity of the members of
a clan that binds them to each other and to their specific Bhumor land. The
basic reasons listed for the Bhumkal rebellion by historians clearly reaffirms
the findings from earlier rebellions. It continued the tradition of
tribal struggle for preserving and defending their traditions and their way of
life and for reasserting their traditional rights on forests, land and natural
resources. One of the main reasons for the rebellion is given by Standan
dispossession of traditional forests and land resources had been the most
important cause of the Bhumkal rebellion. In 1908, the forests were first made
reserved forests and the contractors given rights to take timber and wood for
railway sleepers. This deprived the tribals of one of their main sources of
their livelihood. Leasing out of liquor monopolies also aggravated the
situation, as the locally made country liquor was declared illegal. The
introduction of education and schools was seen by the tribals as an attempt by
the State to subvert their culture and therefore became a precipitating factor.
Finally, the brutality and exploitation by the police, which included begar by
the officials culminated in the Bhumkal rebellion.
Tribal Protests and Rebellions
Chhattisgarh is generally perceived as a tribal dominated state.
Although this is factually incorrect it does reflect the significantly high
proportion of tribals in the region. It also underscores a fundamentally
important point that the tribals in Chhattisgarh have been able to retain their
culture and traditional way of life despite the all pervasive influence of
forces of modernity. While tribal people constitute 7.8 % and 23 % of the total
population of
Chhattisgarh has withnessed several tribal rebellions
starting from the late 18 century through the 19 century to the first few
decades of the 20 century. Some of these tribal revolts were localised while
others were more widespread. Geographically too, the rebellions were not
centered in one region, in some of them precipitating factors were immediate
and local in nature and in some the revolt took its time to brew. However the
central narrative of these rebellions remained largely common and unchanged.
All these rebellions were focussed and asserted the traditionally inalienable
right of the tribals on the local resources land and forests. Often the
mobilisation was around the issues of tradition culture and the tribal way of
life. These rebellions were also protest against an alien system of governance
and an alien political, economic and social order that had been forced upon
them by the British. These tribal rebellions, although they predominantly took
place in Bastar were spread across the various tribal areas of Chhattisgarh as
well. The assimilation of this tradition of protest and rebellion by the
tribals will be critical in any attempt to forge a Chhattisgarh identify and
for evolving a vibrant and inclusive Chhattisgarh ethos. An understanding of
these rebellions and integrating them in the new Chhattisgarh ethos will
contribute to the future and the success of the new state. In this section we
shall briefly discuss the tribal rebellions of Chhattisgarh. The key tribal
rebellions are listed:
1. Halba rebellion (1774-79)
2. Bhopalpatnam Struggle (1795)
3. Paralkot rebellion (1825)
4. Tarapur rebellion (1842-54)
5. Maria rebellion (1842-63)
6. First Freedom Struggle (1856-57)
7. Koi revolt (1859)
8. Muria rebellion (1876)
9. Rani rebellion (1878-82)
10. Bhumkal (1910)
The Halba rebellion is a very important event in the history
of Bastar as it was responsible for the decline of the Chalukya dynasty, which
in turn created circumstances that first brought the Marathas and then the
British to the region. The rebellion was initiated in 1774 by the governor of
Dongar, Ajmer Singhwith the intention of establishing an independent kingdom at
Dongar. The Halba tribe and Halba soldiers supported him. However, the
fundamental reasons for the rebellion were economic in nature. There had been a
prolonged famine, which had severely affected the people who had very little
cultivable land. The presence of Maratha forces and the terror caused by the
East India Company in these adverse circumstances precipitated the rebellioin.
The stronger armies of Bastar supported by the British and the Marathas crushed
the rebellion. A massacre of Halba tribesmen followed the defeat of the Halba
army. However, the revolt created conditions for the decline of the Chalukya
dynasty which in turn significantly altered the history of Bastar.
The Paralkot rebellion was representative of the resentment
felt by the Abujhmarias against the invasion of outsiders, primarily the
Marathas and the British. This rebellion was supported by the Abujhmarias and
was led by Gend Singh a fellow Abhujmaria. One of the objectives of the
rebellion was to establish a world free of loot, plunder and exploitation. The
presence of the Marathas and the British threatened the identity of the
Abujmarias and they resisted this through organising the rebellion of Paralkot
in 1825. The rebels were opposing the taxes levied by the Maratha rulers. In
essence this rebellion was directed against the foreign interference and
control of Bastar and wanted to re-establish the freedom of Bastar.
The rebellion of Tarapur (1842-54) was once again the
assertion of the tribals against the invasion of their local culture and the
tampering with their traditional principles of social, economic and political
organization. It started with an opposition to taxes levied under the pressure
of Anglo-Maratha rule. For the tribals, these experiences of coercive taxation
were alien and new, and therefore they opposed them. The local Diwan became a
symbol of oppression and bore the brunt of tribal anger.
The Maria rebellion, which lasted nearly 20 years from 1842
to 1863, was seemingly in favour of an inhuman practice of human sacrifice. In reality
the revolt was against the insensitive and intrusive handling of tribal faith.
The Anglo Maratha combine did not hesitate to enter and pollute the temple of
Danteswari. The facts clearly indicate that this rebellion was more defensive
in nature and was waged by the tribals to protect their land and tradition.
Furer Hamendorf (Aboriginal Rebellions in the Deccan, Man in India, No.4,1945,
PP 2089) writes all these rebellions were defensive movements, they were the
last resort of tribesmen driven to despair by the encroachments of outsiders on
their land and economic resources What is surprising is not the occurrence of
uprisings, but the infrequency of violent reaction on the part of the
aboriginals to the loss of their ancestral lands and to their economic
enslavement. Hutton extends the analysis and writes (as quoted in H.L. Shukla,
Baster Ka Mukti Sangram, p 118) early days of British administration did great
detriment to the economic position of tribes through ignorance and neglect of
their right and customs.
Bastar was also actively involved in the First War of
Iindependence of 1857 with
Later in 1858, the Gonds challenged the British in several
battles. In 1859 a very important rebellion began to take shape in Southern
Bastar with the tribals refusing to let contractors undertake cutting of Sal trees.
The people of these Jamindaris were called Kois. This rebellion was against the
decision of the British to give contracts for cutting forests to contractors
from Hyderabad. These contractors were also responsible for the exploitation of
the tribals. The local tribals in 1859 decided that they would not allow the
felling of a single tree. The British took this as a challenge to the might of
the empire and used coercive methods to continue the felling of trees. This
rebellion was loud and clear assertion by the tribals of their inalienable
rights of the tribals on their forests and natural resources.
In 1867, Gopinath Kapardas was appointed the Diwan of Bastar
State and was responsible for large scale exploitation of the tribal
population. Tribals from different parganas jointly requested the King to
remove the Diwan but the King did not concede to these demands. This led to the
Muria Revolt of 1876 The rebelling tribals surrounded Jagdalpur on
Emerging Identity and Socio-Cultural Spaces
The socio-religious reform movements and the tribal
rebellions, contributed, although indirectly to emerging consciousness in the
region. Guru Ghasidas clearly articulated the need to consolidate and create
regional consciousness and solidarity to fight against exploitation. Similarly,
other sects with their message of equality and solidarity also influenced the
unfolding regional narrative. The tribal rebellions deeply affected the
political, social and economic discourse of Chhattisgarh. The issue of people's
rights over local resources was brought centre stage.It also raised the
fundamental question of identity and preserving traditional culture and way of
life. The evolution and formation of a formal Chhattisgarh identity coincided
with the national movement and it was in this period that the process of
crystallisation of a Chhattisgarh identity was initiated and a distinct
identity started emerging and taking definite shape in the social and cultural
sphere.
Pandit Sunderlal Sharma, Thakur Pyarelal Singh and Khub
Chand Baghel were members of the Indian National Congress and some of the
prominent leaders of the national movement in Chhattisgarh. These leader did
not confine themselves merely to political activity; they were involved in
initiating as well as actively participating in socio-cultural reform
movements. These leaders also reiterated the fact that Chhattisgarh had a
distinct socio-cultural identity and used this as a base for reform encourage
the formation of a Chhattisgarhi consciousness amongst the masses through
literacy drives cultural activities and social reform programmes.
The literature of the period also reflected the search for
and an attempt to establish a distinctive identity. As early as 1901, M R Sapre
from
Pandit Sundar Lala Sharma who was one of the most prominent
leaders of
By the time
The movement for consolidating the Chhattisgarh identity has
continued through the decades. It would become dormant for some years and then
against erupt in some other district. It is therefore, impossible to create a
linear pattern of the creation of Chhattisgarh identity. However, it is
important to underscore that the multilayered and multilateral process of
formulating and expressing Chhattisgarhi identity took place over a long period
of time. Various other political and non-political formations have, within the
framework of their ideological positions and worldview, been working towards
the formation of an identity for Chhattisgarh.
Chhattisgarh Samaj an organisation formed under the umbrella
of the Proutist Sarva Samaj Samiti has working for the development of a
political, social and cultural consciousness of Chhattisgarh. Since the late
sixties the Samaj has been publishing a weekly news paper in Chhattisgarhi
through which they have been working for the growth of the Chhattisgarhi
language. Through the different wings of the Samja, an attempt is being made to
spread regional consciousness which they believe will then translate into the
development of Chhattisgarh. A diametrically opposite non-party political
formation struggling for the identity of Chhattisgarh is Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha or the CMM.
This mass based peoples movement started as a trade union
movement and then moved on to link the exploitation of the region to the fact
that its cultural identity had been suppressed. Gradually the movement started
focussing on the struggle of Chhattisgarh against the exploitative oppressive
and hegemonic mainstream.
On
The identity of Chhattisgarh has been created and evolved
through a complex process that has largely charted its own course. A
combination of cultural historical social economic and political factors have
contributed to this process. The wide pluralities of cultures, traditions,
histories and customs existing in the region have combined to form a unique
mixture that has fed into the development of the Chhattisgarh ethos and identity.
However, the key point is that the identity of Chhattisgarh cannot be viewed as
separate form the people of Chhattisgarh. It is important to note that the
Chhattisgarh identity has been asserted in different forms and has become more
pronounced in adverse circumstances manifesting itself especially as protest
against exploitation. Dr H L Shukla distinguishes between self image and other
image for a more holistic understanding of Chhattisgarh identity and ethos. It
is imperative to synthesize and blend the two images to understand the
priorities and challenges facing new Chhattisgarh. The identity of Chhattisgarh
is an inclusive identity, in spite of the movement for Prathak Chhattisgarh.
There exists in the Chhattisgarh identity while being sensitive towards as well
as protecting and preserving the plurality of customs, traditions and cultures.
Governor
H.E. Shri E.S.L. Narsimhan
Governor of Chhattisgarh Shri E.S.L.Narasimhan (Ekkadu
Srinivasan Lakshmi Narasimhan) completed graduation in Physics from
Shri Narasimhan
joined Indian Police Service (I.P.S) in 1968 and got Andhra Pradesh cadre. He
served in Intelligence Bureau as Special Director thereafter as Chief of the
Bureau. He also served in the Ministry of External Affairs and was First
Secretary in the Moscow Embassy from 1981-84. He is Alumini of National Defense
College Delhi. Shri Narasimhan is third Governor of Chhattisgarh. His wife's
name is Smt Vimala Narasimhan.
CHIEF MINISTER
Dr. Raman Singh
Took
oath as the second Chief Minister of
He was elected MLA during 1990 and 1993 elections and was latter elected as MP
during the 1999 elections.
Biodata of Hon'ble Shri Justice L.C. Bhadoo
Shri L.C. Bhadoo,
Registrar General of the apex court was appointed as Judge of the
Chhattisgarh High Court assumed his office on
Hon'ble Shri
Justice – Dhirendra Mishra assumed charge of the office of the Hon’ble Judge
of the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in the forenoon of
Hon'ble Shri
Justice – Dhirendra Mishra was born on
Hon'ble Shri
Justice – Dhirendra Mishra became Graduate in Civil Engineering from
After resigning
the Govt. service in 1974, He established an Agro Service Centre and was
involved in social service activities in villages.
In the meanwhile,
He did the law in the year 1981 from
After formation of
the new State in the year 2000, He joined the High Court Bard, represented
SECL, MPSRTC, CMPDIL, Railways, NTPC in the High Court. He Was appointed as
member of the advisory board constituted under National Security Act.
Also He served as
a member of National Consumer Protection Council formed under Consumer
Protection Act and member of the Regional Committee of Food Corporation of
Hon'ble Shri
Justice – Sunil Kumar Sinha assumed charge of the office of the Hon’ble
Judge of the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in the forenoon of
Hon'ble Shri
Justice – Sunil Kumar Sinha was born in a lawyers family at Ambikapur (C.G.)
on
He has worked in
all branches in the Trial Court at Ambikapur from 1980 to 1993. There after he
shifted to the High Court of M.P. at Jabalpur where he practiced till October
2000. There also he did practice in Civil, Criminal and Constitutional side.
Further he practiced in the State Administrative Tribunal at Jablalpur
and handled many cases of different nature.
After re-organization
of the state of M.P. he shifted to High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in
the month of November 2000. Here he practiced in various branches of law.
He was appointed
as Additional Advocate General of Chhattisgarh in May 2003, which post he held
till, February 2004. He thereafter started private practice till his elevation
as Judge of this High Court.
Hon'ble Shri Justice – Satish K. Agnihotri , assumed charge of the office of the Hon’ble Judge of the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur on 5th.May,2005.
Born on
He was appointed as Standing Counsel (Civil) of State of Madhya
Pradesh in October, 1988 in the Supreme Court of India and continued as such
till the date of elevation i.e.
He has attended and delivered lectures in SAARC LAW
Conference in 1996 at
Hon'ble Shri Justice – Dilip Raosaheb Deshmukh Assumed Charge Of The Office Of The Hon’ble Judge Of The High Court Of Chhattisgarh At Bilaspur On 5th May, 2005
Born On
Joined M.P. Judicial Services On
Won The Junior Championship In Singles And Doubles In Lawn Tennis In The Year
1964. During College Days, Won Many Singles Tennis Titles In The Senior
Category Also In M.P. And
Elevated As Additional Judge Of Chhattisgarh High Court, On
GOVERNANCE
Unburdened by Governance legacies, Chhattisgarh has focussed only on
critical areas of law and order, education, health, environment, social safety
nets, fiscal reforms and e-governance. The State has become an enabler and
facilitator for the creative energies of its people. Government keeps out of
all activities that can be done more efficiently by the private sector. There
are no more than six Public Sector Units, that too in critical areas of Social
Concern.
To eliminate red
tape and procedural hassles in getting all sorts of clearances, a special law
has been enacted- the Chhattisgarh Investment Promotion Act, 2002, This lays
down statutory time limits for all clearances, to be given by a single
Point-of-Investor Contact. Facilitation services for the Investor and time
bound approvals are thus guaranteed by law in Chhattisgarh.
'Chhattisgarh 2010'- the State's Vision Document lays out the five key
actions of the State over the next 10 years and lays special stress on
enhancing our human capital. In order to translate the Vision into reality, six-monthly
milestones have been prescribed; and we are well on our way to realize the
Vision for Chhattisgarh- the Fast Track State.
The State cabinet meets every Tuesday and decisions come quickly. All
Government functionaries are easily accessible and Chief Minister has an hour-
long Jan Darshan every morning where he meets people with no prior appointment.
Decentralized
governance has been firmly established in Chhattisgarh. Strong local
governments in both urban and rural areas are halfway into their second term
after elections under the 73rd and 74th amendments in 1994 and 1999. Most
social sector programmes are run by our Gram Panchayats and urban bodies
The State
secretariat has an organic linkage with the local governments in urban and
rural areas, as well as district officials. Quick reflexes and a lean
bureaucracy ensure a hassle-free environment in Government offices. The small
size of government is reflected at all levels. Fiscally prudent policies have
ensured that there has been no overdraft from the Reserve Bank of India. The
State Government has maintained a cap of 40% on all establishment expenditure.
E-governance
in Chhattisgarh is oriented towards ensuring people’s access to
Government. This makes
the Government even more responsive and transparent. People can access a
video-conference based Public Grievance Redress System to interact regularly
with the Chief Minister and other functionaries. CHOiCE (Chhattisgarh Online
information for Citizen Empowerment) is a State-wide e-governance project,
being implemented by the focal agency for IT, CHiPS (Chhattisgarh infotech
Promotion Society) headed by the Chief Minister.
To alleviate hassles that investors face in
getting permissions, we have constituted a State Investment Promotion Board
(SIPB) by a legislative Act. The SIPB will be a single contact agency bound by
law to issue all the required clearances within a definite time frame, or such
clearances would be deemed granted to the investor.
Chief
Secretary, Government of Chhattisgarh
Mantralaya,
(+91-771) 221207/ 221208 221206 Fax
Director, Public Relations
Jansampark Chowk,
(+91-771) 221612-14, 229402 Fax
email: info@cg.nic.in
Website : http://chhattisgarh.nic.in
Industrial areas in Chhattigarh
Chhattisgarh has
one of the foremost industrial areas of the Country in Bhilai that houses
numerous ancillary industries around the
Country's most profitable steel plant in the Public Sector. There is a
similar concentration of industries in
Korba, with power plants of the National Thermal Power Corporation, the
Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board and aluminum producing unit Balco.
The State's sufficient and quality power means there are no power cuts,
and continuous process industries are relocating to the State.
The highly productive labour force and peaceful law and
order are catalysing this process. The State Investment Promotion Board is
bound by law to issue time bound approvals, with a legislation to this effect
in place. Chhattisgarh State Industrial Develoment Corporation (CSIDC) has
developed industrial growth centres - Urla and Siltara (
Thrust sectors in Chhattisgarh's new industrial Policy include large, core-sector industries, which would typically develop their own satellite townships. The State encourages private sector investment in new industrial areas. A successful private industrial park has already come up in Raigarh.
Private corporates and estates are also allowed to install Captive Power Plants to generate and distribute power directly within the estate, without any restrictions.
The Industrial Growth Centre in Urla, near
The Siltara
Growth Centre is 13 kilometres from
The Borai Industrial Area in Durg district is the first
example of its type of Private-Public Partnership in industrial water supply in
Industrial Growth Centre in Sirgitti is spread over 338 hectares. It has around 202 LMI & small scale units. An investment of Rs. 351 Cr. provides employment to 3035 people.
Bilaspur, being a Railway zone and the headquarters of South Eastern Coalfields Ltd., has many ancillary units in the area.
Apart from CSIDC's industrial areas, a private industrial estate has been developed by a private corporate in Raigarh District.
For further details :
Managing Director
Chhattisgarh State Industrial Development Corporation Limited (CSIDC)
B-4 MR Colony, Shailendra Nagar,
(+91-771) 420094, 429024
(+91-771) 429025 Fax
Website : www.csidcindia.com
Email : csidc@csidcindia.com, csidc_raipur@yahoo.com
Mining
Chhattisgarh is the richest State in terms of mineral wealth, with 28 varieties of major minerals, including diamonds
Chhattisgarh, alongwith two other Indian States has almost
all the coal deposits in
There is great scope for private participation in the mining sector in Chhattisgarh. The State’s Mineral Policy, 2001 has created a conducive business environment to attract private investment in the State, both domestic and international. Procedures have been simplified and there is complete transparency in decision-making. The added advantage is availability of large technically qualified human resources, having trained in tailormade programmes in geology, geophysics, geochemistry, mineral beneficiation, mining engineering and environmental science. The State is ensuring a minimum lease area with secured land rights so that investors can safely commit large resources to mining projects. For surmounting the long-drawn out process of getting mineral-related leases, at the State level, quick processing of applications is given top priority. For major minerals under the Mines & Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act, where approvals are required from Government of India, the State Government would help in strong advocacy to get such approvals quickly.
The State is also encouraging establishment of a Gems and
The other intra-cratonic supra-crustal belts include rocks of the Middle to Upper Proterozoic, Carboniferous, Permian, Cretaceous and sub-Recent to Recent periods. The area has observed multiple major tectonic and thermal events of various episodes. The rock types of principal metallogenic and mineralogenic episodes are prevailing in the State, which confirms the high potential for the search of new mineral deposits. Simply put, such geological environment is conducive for the formation of various mineral deposits of excellence.
Placer diamonds in the State led to the discovery of
proterozoic diamondiferous kimberlites in Mainpur,
Apart from diamond, four blocks of gold exploration and five blocks for base metal
investigation have been demarcated. Deposits of Alexandrite, one of the rarest
gemstones, are found in Deobhog area of
A few major mineral deposits are: (all figures in million tonnes)
Coal
:
35000
Iron ore :
2336
Lime stone : 3580
Dolomite :
606
Bauxite : 96
Cassiterite : 29
The State’s Chhattisgarh Mineral Development Corporation(CMDC), singly or in joint venture, undertakes scientific exploration, commercial exploitation and viable trading of minerals in the State. CMDC welcomes partnerships with national and international private sector mineral companies, so that the natural wealth of the State is translated more efficiently into prosperity for its people. For Chhattisgarh, preferred investors will be those that, ceteris paribus, come into the State with a plan to add value with downstream industries, and such investors would have priority in sanctioning of Mining Lease and Prospecting Lease. Those who set up export-oriented mineral based units in the State would be equally preferred investors. All such mining industries will benefit from the incentives offered to all other industries.
The Raipur-based Directorate of Geology and Mining is reputed to be one of the best knowledge and resource centres in mining of Chhattisgarh’s minerals. All are welcome to utilize the expertise in the Directorate.
Chhattisgarh
is the richest part of land in India, and we will ensure that its mineral
riches translate into benefits to our people. I call upon the national and
global investment community to help us in this endeavour. They would find a
State with a difference.....
Managing Director,
Chhattisgarh Mineral Development Corporation
27/520, Praveen Bhavan, Shanti Nagar,
Phone : +91-771-657793
Director, Geology & Mining,
Ring Road No. 1, P.O. Ravigram,
Phone : +91-771- 412840, Fax : +91-771-412841
POWER
Strategically located in central
Korba in Chhattisgarh is really the Power Capital of India.
NTPC's Super Thermal Power Plant in Korba is working at 90% Plant Load Factor
(PLF), and the plants of the Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB) are
also highly efficient. There are huge coal reserves in the vicinity, offering
cheap pithead power generation opportunities and there is enough water from the
State's largest reservoir of Hasdeo Bango. 84% of
As in the Green Revolution of the past, which concentrated
on Punjab and Haryana, the new ‘Power Revolution’ may focus on cheap pithead
power producing States like Chhattisgarh, which has the potential to produce
upto 50,000 MW of power. On
Chhattisgarh has excellent power evacuation infrastructure. It can transport and sell power to deficit areas
in any part of
CSEB is one of few profit making State Electricity Boards. Power Sector Reforms are underway in Chhattisgarh. The user-pays regime has been adopted. There is no free power in the State. Subsidies, where applicable, are targeted. The process of Tariff rationalization is on. A hundred percent Electronic Metering project has been started.
Non conventional energy sources have been accorded very high priority. A special agency called CREDA (Chhattisgarh Renewable Energy Development Agency) has been set up, and over 1200 villages in dense forests are being electrified using off-grid energy. Micro-Hydel power potential is also being tapped in a big way, and several projects have been identified for viable private investment.
Labour
relations are very cordial in the power generating plants, with man- days lost
being the lowest in the country. Private sector power generation investors are
welcome as Chhattisgarh is inviting investment in
We see Chhattisgarh emerging as the Power Hub of
Chairman, Chhattisgarh State Electricity Board (CSEB),
Danganiya,
Phones: (+91-771) 244902, 666900 Fax
Email : secretary_cseb@rediffmail.com
Chief Executive Officer, CREDA (Chhattisgarh Renewable Energy Development Agency)
Mantralaya,
Phones: (+91-771) 680962, 221150 Fax
TOURISM
Chhattisgarh,
situated in the heart of
The State has taken a conscious decision to do away with past legacies and to adopt a fresh approach to Tourism Development. The Tourism Policy is focussed on creating a unique image for the State and to position it as an attractive destination for both domestic as well as foreign tourists. Some major objectives of this policy are :
· To
promote economically, culturally and ecologically sustainable tourism in the
State.
· Encourage and promote private sector initiatives in developing
tourism-related infrastructure.
· Limit the role of Government to that of facilitator and provider of
public goods .
· Increase the contribution of tourism to the economic development of
inter-related sectors
To harness the true potential of tourism, it is necessary to undertake large-scale development / improvement of infrastructure and create a conducive investment climate. Accordingly, the State will take up Integrated Development of Special Tourism Areas and have constructive collaboration with the Private Sector. Tourism development will be primarily driven by the private sector with the role of Government being that of a facilitator and catalyst. Towards this end, the State has set up a State Tourism Promotion Board as the nodal agency for translation of the Policy into action for the sustained development of the sector.
Eco-tourism
With 12% share of
Culture, Heritage and Ethno-Tourism
Chhattisgarh has identified and is developing ethnic villages and private sector is encouraged for proper maintenance and professional site management of important heritage sites/monuments. Bhoramdeo, Rajim, Sirpur, Tala, Malhar and Sheorinarayan are prime sites for heritage tourism. Festivals like Dusshera at Bastar, Madai at Dantewada and Narainpur, Bhoramdeo, Raut Nacha, Chakradhar Samaroh and Rajim are being marketed for global exposure.
Pilgrim
Tourism
The State encourages development of pilgrimage centres. Rajim, Champaranya, Dongargarh, Sheorinarayan, Girodhpuri, Dantewada, Ratanpur, Sirpur and others are prime destinations for pilgrim tourism. Sirpur and Dongargarh would be part of the wider Buddhist tourist circuit.
Adventure Tourism
There is great scope for the promotion of modern adventure sports such as water sports, trekking, rock climbing, parasailing and bungee jumping.
Business and Leisure Tourism
Chhattisgarh encourages investments in establishment of business-cum-recreation centres to cater to the needs of business travellers. State-of-the-art convention centres, seminar halls etc for corporate events are being encouraged. Investments for the entertainment needs of business tourists with high purchasing power, facilities such as hotels, entertainment and amusement parks, multiplexes, health spas, shopping malls and golf courses are being encouraged.
Focussing
on eco-tourism and ethno-tourism, and facilitating private sector initiatives,
we will
promote a scientific approach to the planning, management and development of sustainable tourism products and activities in the region
Chhattisgarh Tourism Board,
Paryatan Bhavan,
Indira Gandi Marg,
Chhattisgarh,
Phone : 91-771-4066 415
Fax : 91-771-4066 425
email : visitcg@rediffmail.com,
contactus@chhattisgarhtourism.net
web: www.chhattisgarhtourism.net
Resources
Human Development
Chhattisgarh’s human resources, at varying skill levels, would be key to the State’s future and prosperity. Known for their sincerity and hard work, the "Chhattisgarh" promise to make a name for themselves both in the ‘brick as well as the ‘click’ economy. The State Government believes that only by preparing all cross-sections of the society for the future challenges can Chhattisgarh realize its potential and promise. The Government of Chhattisgarh, has taken several steps to prepare its human resources for Chhattisgarh’tryst with destiny. One of the first concerns is to raise the level of literacy, as a strategy towards empowerment of communities, from the present 42.9 percent Government would give priority to raising the level of women’s literacy in both urban and rural areas, particularly among the vulnerable sections of the society.
The Chief Minister is equally concerned about the perennial drought situation resulting in out-migration from rural arisen search of employment. Formulation of robust and long-term policies to prepare the population for alternative employment and other economic activities is high in his Vision for Chhattisgarh. The Chief Minister has also initiated action for introducing a legal frame work for protecting interest of migrant labour.The State Government has taken a range of decisions in all social sectors for developing the State’s human resources. Expansion of small scale and village industries based on agricultural, forest and mineral resources would also be taken up to add value to produce and to generate employment. Emphasis would be on vocational and employment oriented education. State Government is reviewing the relevance of the present academic in primary schools, use of IT enabled education, free IT education for poor girls of all categories in Secondary and Senior Secondary Schools under the Indira Soochna-Shakti Yojana, IT education in all Secondary and Senior Secondary Schools through private participation on user charge basis for other students’ are some of the innovative decisions taken by the Government within the first two months of assuming charge in the new State.
Chhattisgarh is known as the "rice bowl" of Madhya
Pradesh. Chhattisgarh used to produce over seventy percent of the total paddy
production in the state. Apart from paddy, cereals like maize, kodo-kutki and
other small millets, pulses like tur and kulthi and oilseeds like groundnut,
soyabean,
In the mid nineties, most of Chhattisgarh was still a mono-crop belt. Only one fourth to one fifth of the sown area was double cropped. When a very substantial portion of the population is dependent on agriculture, a situation where nearly 80 percent of a states area is covered only by mono cropping needs immediate attention to turn them into double crop areas. Also there are very few cash crops grown in Chhattisgarh, and there is a need to diversify the agriculture produce towards oilseeds and other cash crops.
The total agriculture production taken from two years can give some idea of the general share between Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. In 1995-96, out of a total agricultural production of 180.73 lakh metric tonnes, Chhattisgarh produced 54.09 lakh tonnes or 29.9 percent. The total gross value of agricultural output of undivided Madhya Pradesh was Rs. 18023 crores, of which Chhattisgarh produced Rs. 4102 crores or 22.8 percent. In 1997-98, out of the total agricultural production of undivided Madhya Pradesh of 252.19 lakh tonnes, valued at Rs. 28362 crores, Chhattisgarh produced 60.53 lakhs tonnes or 24 percent valued at Rs. 6854 crores or 24.2 percent. The land under cultivation in Chhattisgarh is around 5800-6000 hectares which is around 23-24 percent of the total area cultivated in undivided Madhya Pradesh.
Slightly less than half of the geographical area of Chhattisgarh is covered by forest cover is an extremely valuable asset of the state Nearly one-third of the forests comprises Sal forest produce which provide livelihood to large numbers of our population. Timber wood has an important place among the major forest produce. It contributes about forty percent of the total forest revenue. Nearly ten thousand industrial units depend on forests for their raw material base.
These small-scale industries include saw-mills, furniture units, bidi, silk and ‘kattha’ industries. The State Government of Chhattisgarh has initiated strong measures for providing fair value for the labour put in by forest produce collectors. Government believes that transparent market mechanism should be promoted,and competitive prices offered to the collectors. For the first time in the country, an institutional arrangement has been created in Chhattisgarh for fixing minimum support prices for minor forest produce. Some 120 minor forests produce except tendu leaves would be covered under the arrangement. Special efforts are being made to involve Gram-Sabhas in the protection of forests and the collection of minor forest produce. There are three national parks namely the Sanjay Gandhi Udayn, indrawat Tiger project and Kanger valley in the State. There are sanctuaries at Badakhol, Barnawapara , Sitanade Achanakmar, Semarsat, Tamar Pingla, Bhairamagarh, Pamed, Udanti and Gomarda of the State.
Chhattisgarh state as compared to Madhya Pradesh has a much lower population density of 130 persons to the 158 of Madhya Pradesh. While Chhattisgarh has 30.49 percent of the land area of the undivided Madhya Pradesh, only 26.7 percent of the total villages are in Chhattisgarh. Both of these, when taken together point to a state with relatively longer distances.
The road infrastructure of Chhattisgarh, despite these large distances, is in fact better than other parts of the undivided Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh currently has 24.6 kilometers of road for every 100 square kilometers of area whereas the undivided Madhya Pradesh has 22.8 kilometers for every 100 square kilometers of area. In terms of village roads Chhattisgarh has 1.3 kilometers of village roads for every village, compared to 0.92 kilometer for undivided Madhya Pradesh and 0.78 kilometers for the state of Madhya Pradesh.
Irrigation Average rainfall in the state is around 1400 mm and the entire state falls under Rice-agro-climatic zone. 80% population of the state is rural and the main livelihood of the villagers is agriculture and agriculture based small industry. Large variation in the yearly rainfall directly affects the main crop i.e. Paddy. Obviously, irrigation is the prime need of the state for its overall development and therefore the state government has given top priority to development of irrigation potential.
Net sown area of the Chhattisgarh state is 4.828 Million hectares and the gross
sown area is 5.788 Million hectares.
Irrigation potential was 1.328 Million hectares at the time
of formation of the state (i.e. on
A total of 4 Major, 33 Medium and 2199 Minor irrigation projects have been
completed and 5 Major, 9 Medium and 312 Minor projects are under construction,
as on
Proposed budget for the year 2006-07 is Rs. 8541.9 Million and the target is to
create additional irrigation potential of 76000 hectares. Apart from the state
budget, irrigation projects are also being financially assisted by NABARD and
AIBP.
Chhattisgarh produced a substantial 36 percent of the total power generated in undivided Madhya Pradesh, contributing 42 percent Thermal and 14 percent of Hydel power. In terms of power consumption, Chhattisgarh consumes around 24 percent of total consumption in 1996-97 and 1997-98.
Chhattisgarh region is as well known for its rich cultural
heritage as for its abundant deposits of natural resources. A variety of mineral
resources are fond in this region, diamond, gold, iron-ore, coal, corundum,
bauxite, dolomite, lime, tin, granite to name a few. Deposits of cumberlite
pipe found in Pailikhand and Deobhog area and gold deposits in Sonakhan area of
The mining and value addition activities through
industries provide employment to large sections of Chhattisgarh’s population.
The State Government follows a sound public policy of exploiting mineral wealth
in keeping with sustainability and ecological balance. The State would welcome
investment in setting up industries to add value to the natural resources found
with in,and an investor friendly ambience conductive serious business.
Water resources
Nature is very kind to Chhattisgarh in terms of rainfall as
compared to several other states of the
The total geographical area of the state is 137,360 Sq. Kms. and nearly 44% of
it is covered with forests. The main sources of water in the state are Rivers,
Tanks and Ground-water. The state has important rivers providing a lifeline to
the socio-economic development of the state, such as
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Total 137,360 Sq.Km.
Estimated surface water flowing through rivers with
75% dependability is 59.90 Billion Cum. and due to various geographical and interstate
constraints the usable surface water in the state is 41.72 Billion Cum. Surface
water being used at present is only about 9.2 Billion Cum.
Estimated ground-water in the state is 13.68 Billion
Cubic meters and present utilization is 2.79 Billion Cubic meters.
The state has a history of tanks built in villages
since Kalchuri Kings and nearly every village has a small tank for daily needs.
There are 4 Major, 33 Medium and 2199 Minor completed irrigation projects in
the state as on
A comprehensive master plan for the state, for optimum use of water resources
is also being prepared.
According to the census of 1991, literacy the most basic indicator of education, was 42.9 percent. This is marginally less than the literacy rate of 44.7 percent for undivided Madhya Pradesh. Female literacy is very low at 27.5 percent, especially rural female literacy, which is at 21 percent.
Literacy in
Chhattisgarh in 1991
|
Area |
All |
Male |
Female |
|
Chhattisgarh |
42.9 % |
58.1 % |
27.5 % |
|
Rural |
36.7 % |
52.4 % |
21.0 % |
|
Urban |
71.4 % |
82.7 % |
58.9 % |
Source : Primary Census Abstract,
Census of
The low level of literacy, especially amongst women,
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is a cause for concern. The literacy rate
amongst the Scheduled Tribes was 39 percent in 1991 and 27 percent amongst the
scheduled tribes.
The general enrolment and access to primary schools
in the undivided Madhya Pradesh, including areas of Chhattisgarh has received a
tremendous boost in the last decade with increased availability of functional
primary schools and the starting of the Education Guarantee Scheme.
Outcome indicators in health are not available separately
for Chhattisgarh for current years. Information is available for entire Madhya Pradesh
on infant mortality rate, birth rate and death rate through the Sample
Registration Scheme of the Registrar General of
Data from the Census of 1991 also give us mortality
and fertility indicators for the year 1991. The table below presents some basic
health indicators from 1991. The life expectancy at birth in Chhattisgarh is
better as compared to Madhya Pradesh. In 1991, while the Life expectancy in
Chhattisgarh was 61.4 years, it was 57.3 years for the entire Madhya Pradesh.
What is also very encouraging in Chhattisgarh is that female life expectancy in
higher than that of males.
Mortality indicators are still very high. The Infant
Mortality Rates of 12 of 47 achieved by states like Kerala and
Health Indicators of
Chhattisgarh, 1991
|
|
All |
Male |
Female |
Rural |
Urban |
|
Mean Age of Marriage |
25.4 |
25.5 |
25.3 |
25.4 |
25.2 |
|
Total Fertility Rate |
4.3 |
- |
- |
4.3 |
4.2 |
|
Infant Mortality Rate |
85.0 |
88.0 |
83.0 |
92.0 |
52.0 |
|
Life Expectancy at Birth |
61.4 |
60.9 |
62.0 |
60.0 |
69.6 |
|
Population expected to survive beyond 20 years |
0.173 |
0.168 |
0.178 |
0.185 |
0.109 |
|
Child Mortality uptil 5 years |
129.0 |
134.0 |
124.0 |
141.0 |
79.0 |
Source : Indicators calculated from Fertility
Tables, Census of
The
1991 census provides detailed information on the type of houses occupied in
Chhattisgarh as well as access to basic amenities of safe drinking water,
electricity, and sanitation by households. More than three fourths of the
households in Chhattisgarh resided in semi-pucca houses and about 19 percent
lived in pucca houses. Eleven percent rural houses in 1991 were kutcha houses.
In terms of access to amenities the table below shows the situation as in 1991.
|
Basic Amenity |
All |
Rural |
Urban |
|
Access to Electricity |
31.8 % |
25.4 % |
61.2 % |
|
Access to Safe Drinking Water |
51.2 % |
45.1 % |
79.6 % |
|
Access to Toilet |
10.3 % |
3.3 % |
42.4 % |
|
Access to all Three |
7.6 % |
1.5 % |
35.6 % |
|
Access to None of the Three |
36.1 % |
41.9 % |
09.6 % |
Source : Household
tables, Census of India 1991, Registrar General of
Information on Employment in Chhattisgarh is available on a comprehensive scale only from the Census of 1991. The analysis has therefore been based on data from the year.
The Worker Participation Rate in Chhattisgarh was
47.7 percent, 54.3 percent for males and 41 percent for females. This is much
higher when compared to the Worker Participation Rate in Madhya Pradesh, which
is 41.1 percent. The high Worker Participation Rate for females is commensurate
with paddy being a major crop for the region. Paddy is sown in around 90 percent
of the total sown area under cereals in kharif and about 85 percent of all area
sown under food grains in kharif in Chhattisgarh. The southern and eastern
districts have the highest worker participation rates, all well above fifty
percent. The same areas of Bastar, Dantewara, Kanker, Rajnandgaon and Kawardha
also have high female worker participation rates.
The Farm Sector dominates employment. The census of
1991 found that 82 percent of all workers and 90 percent of rural workers were
involved in farm related activities including cultivation and agriculture
allied activities. After the primary sector, the services sector offers the
highest employment. Eleven percent of the entire Chhattisgarh and fifty two
percent of urban employment was in the services sector.
Estimates of poverty are available from two main sources.
One is the large surveys undertaken by the National Sample Survey Organisation
(NSSO) every five years and the second is from the State Government own surveys
conducted to identify household below the poverty line for the express purpose
of benefit under poverty alleviation programmes. Results for the NSS survey of
1993-94 are available, wherein two estimates have been given. One is the
poverty line head count ratio depending on the official poverty line and the
other is as suggested by the Expert Group set up by the Planning Commission on
estimates of poverty. While there is still some lack of certainty on the head
count ratio, we use the recommendations of the Expert Group, as calculated by
NSSO’s special study. The total estimated head count ratio for poverty in
1993-94 was 28.6 percent which was marginally lower at 25.74 percent for rural
Chhattisgarh and much higher at 42.2 percent for urban Chhattisgarh. In the
same year, the overall poverty ratio was found to be 33.51 percent for all
|
|
1987-88 |
1993-94 |
|
|
|
Official
PL |
Expert PL |
Official
PL |
|
All |
55.35 |
45.27 |
38.91 |
|
Rural |
58.47 |
46.72 |
38.21 |
|
Urban |
35.38 |
35.99 |
42.21 |
Official PL : Poverty Line as per
Expert PL
Source : Counting the poor Sarvekshana
Analytical report 1, Department of Statistics, Government of India, 1998
The Human Development Index has become an important
index for measuring the progress that districts have achieved in the level and
depth of human development of its citizens. This index is a composite index of
three main components of human development; knowledge (which is measured by
literacy and children’s enrolment in schools); longevity ( measured by
expectancy of life at birth); and access to resources to lead a reasonable
quality of life (measured by per capital incomes, and adjusted to reduce the
impact of very high per capita incomes and sensitised to levels of poverty in
the districts).
There is insufficient data available for fifteen of
the sixteen districts of Chhattisgarh for developing Human Development Index
based indicators directly associated with the districts. However, data is available
for the seven original districts. Since Durg is the only district that was not
divided data is available for this district. Of all the other fifteen districts
data is available for literacy for all of the fifteen, but on other indicators
we have applied the indicators of the parent district to the divided districts
for constructing the Human Development Index. District Durg comes out on top
followed by Dhamtari,
|
H.E. Shri E.S.L.
Narsimhan |
E-mail: governor.cg@nic.in |
Phone Nos. 91 - 771 – 2331101 91 - 771 – 2331106 91 - 771 - 2331104 |
Chief Minister
|
Dr.Raman Singh |
|
Phone Nos. 91 - 771 – 2221000 91 - 771 – 2221001 91 - 771 - 2331001 |
Ministers
|
Name |
Department |
E-mail Id |
Ph.(Office) |
|
Sh. Brij Mohan
Agarwal |
Revenue,Law &
Legal Affairs and Rehabilitation |
2221226 |
|
|
Sh. Ajay
Chandrakar |
Panchyat & Rural
Development, Parliamentary Affairs,Higher Education, Science &
Technology, Technical Education, Manpower Planning |
2221316 |
|
|
Sh. Ramvichar
Netam |
Home,
Jail,Co-Operative |
|
2221321 |
|
Sh.Nanki Ram
Kanwar |
Agriculture,
Animal Husbandary, Fishries, |
2221318 |
|
|
Sh.Ganesh Ram Bhagat
|
Housing and
Environment, Tribal, Backward and Minority welfare |
2221323 |
|
|
Sh.Medharam Sahu |
School
Education,Sports & Youth Welfare |
2221223 |
|
|
Sh.HemChand Yadav
|
Food, Civil
supplies & Consumer Protection, |
2221221 |
Ministers Of State
|
Name |
Department |
E-mail
Id |
Ph.(Office) |
|
Sh.Rajesh
Munat |
Public
Works Department, Commerce & Industries, Gram udyog |
2221104
|
|
|
Dr.Krishna
Murthy Bandhi |
Health
and Medical Education |
2221217
|
|
|
Sh.Kedar
Kashyap |
Public
Health Engineering |
2221106
|
|
|
Smt.
Lata Usendi |
Women
& Child Welfare, Social Welfare |
2221204
|
|
Name
|
E-mail
ID |
Ph.(Office) |
Ph.(Res.) |
|
|
|
|
|
Sh. Shivraj Singh
|
2221207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
Department |
E-mail
Id |
|
Sh. B.K.S Ray |
M.D. Administrative
Academy & Chairman Board of Secondary Education & Professional
Examination Board |
|
|
Sh. V.K. Kapoor |
President Board of
Revenue |
|
Name |
Department |
E-mail ID |
|
Sh.P.J. Oommen |
Housing & Envrionment, Industry |
|
|
Sh. Serjius Minz |
|
|
|
Sh.T.Radhakrishanan |
Tourism & Culture |
|
|
Sh.S.V.Prabhat |
Home, Jail, Transport & Aviation |
|
|
Sh.Vivek Dhand |
Secretary to CM, Water Resources , Energy |
|
|
Sh.D.S.Misra |
Finance & Planning |
|
Name |
Department |
Ph.(Office) |
Ph..(Res.) |
|
Sh.Narayan Singh |
Public Health
Engineering Dept. |
|
|
|
Sh.R.C.Sinha |
Member Board of
Revenue |
2221255 |
2242867 |
|
Sh.Ajay Singh |
Comm. Commercial
Tax & Excise |
2221163 |
2331017 |
|
Sh.N.K.Aswal |
Revenue &
Relief Commissioner |
|
|
|
Sh. M.K.Raut |
Tribal,S.C.&
S.T. Development, |
2234110 |
2331067 |
|
Sh.P.C.Dalei |
Sports &
Youth Welfare |
2221131 |
2520013 |
|
Sh.H.L.Prajapati |
Agriculture,
Animal Husbandary |
|
|
|
Dr.Alok Shukla |
Food, Civil
Supplies & Consumer Protection, Revenue |
2221275 |
2242899 |
|
Sh.S.K.Kujur |
Registrar
Cooperative Society |
2221254 |
2425091 |
|
Sh.C.K.Khetan |
School Education
& Urban Development |
- - |
- - |
|
Sh.R.P.Mandal |
Panchayat &
Rural Development, Development Commissioner |
4080261 |
|
|
Sh.B.L.Agrawal |
Health &
Family Welfare |
2221164 |
2520524 |
|
Sh.K.D.P.Rao |
Higher Education |
2221120 |
2442037 |
|
Sh.Jawahar
Shrivastava |
GAD, Parliamentry
affairs, Women Development Corporation |
4080553 |
- - |
|
Sh.M.S.Dhruve |
|
- - |
- - |
|
Sh.B.L.Thakur |
Comm. Tribal
Development, |
- - |
- - |
|
Sh.R.P.Jain |
Home, Regional Transport
Authority |
|
|
|
Smt.Renu.G.Pillay |
Spl. Secretary
Finance & Planning, Director Institutional Finance, General Admn.Deptt |
2221333 |
- - |
|
Sh.Awadh Bihari |
Spl. Secretary
Finance Deptt |
- - |
- - |
|
Name of the District |
E-mail ID |
STD |
PHONE (office) |
|
Bastar |
07782 |
222693 222304 |
|
|
Bilaspur |
07752 |
223344 227060 |
|
|
South Bastar Dantewada |
07856 |
252455 |
|
|
Dhamtari |
07722 |
237592 |
|
|
Durg |
0788 |
2322655 2322005 |
|
|
Janjgir |
07817 |
222208 |
|
|
Jashpur |
07763 |
223226 |
|
|
|
07868 |
241222 |
|
|
Kabirdham |
07741 |
232134 |
|
|
Koriya |
07836 |
232721 |
|
|
Korba |
07759 |
222886 |
|
|
Mahasamund |
07723 |
222540 |
|
|
Raigarh |
07762 |
222103 |
|
|
|
0771 |
2426024 2426212 |
|
|
Rajnandgaon |
07744 |
226236 |
|
|
Sarguja |
07774 |
220701 |
CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]
The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources
including but not limited to: The Courts,
1] INFORMATION ON
DESIGNATED PARTY
No records exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners,
controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist
organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions
involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against
whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating
money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or
anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or
ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international
anti-terrorism laws.
2] Court Declaration :
No records exist to suggest that subject is
or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other
official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper
payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or
with designated parties.
3] Asset Declaration :
No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject
are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.
4] Record on Financial
Crime :
Charges or conviction
registered against subject: None
5] Records on Violation of
Anti-Corruption Laws :
Charges or
investigation registered against subject: None
6] Records on Int’l
Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :
Charges or
investigation registered against subject: None
7] Criminal Records
No available
information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been
formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any
financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government
authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money
laundering laws or standard.
8] Affiliation with
Government :
No record
exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders,
director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a
family member or close business associate of a Government official.
9] Compensation Package :
Our market
survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair
and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar
services.
10] Press Report :
No press reports / filings exists on
the subject.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on
Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often
have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit
deterioration.
Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions
between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other
financial stakeholders.
CONTRAVENTION
Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws,
regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms
and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES
|
Currency |
Unit
|
Indian Rupees |
|
US Dollar |
1 |
Rs.40.53 |
|
|
1 |
Rs.80.41 |
|
Euro |
1 |
Rs.54.52 |
RATING EXPLANATIONS
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
>86 |
Aaa |
Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest
capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums |
Unlimited |
|
71-85 |
Aa |
Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit
transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest
and principal sums |
Large |
|
56-70 |
A |
Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable
factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of
interest and principal sums |
Fairly Large |
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
26-40 |
B |
Unfavourable & favourable factors carry similar weight in credit
consideration. Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems
comparatively below average/normal. |
Small |
|
11-25 |
Ca |
Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums
in default or expected to be in default upon maturity |
Limited with
full security |
|
<10 |
C |
Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised |
Credit not
recommended |
|
NR |
In view of the lack of information, we have no basis upon which to
recommend credit dealings |
No Rating |
|