MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

06.01.2011

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

DEUTSCHE EQUITIES INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

Third Floor, Kodak House, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400001, Maharashtra

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2010

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

03.10.2002

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

137431

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U65990MH2002PTC137431

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

MUMD08963D

 

 

Legal Form :

Private Limited Liability Company

 

 

Line of Business :

The principal activity of the Company is to act as a stockbroker for foreign institutional investors and domestic mutual funds. The Company also provides merchant banking and advisory services.

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

A (58)

 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

Fairly Large

 

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 19000000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is a subsidiary of Deutsche India Holdings Private Limited. It is a well established company having fine track. Financial position of the company appears to be sound. Trade relations are reported as fair. Business is active. Payments are reported to be regular and as per commitments.

 

The company can be considered normal for business dealings at usual trade terms and conditions.

 

NOTES :

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List – April 1, 2010

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(31.12.2009)

Current Rating

(01.04.2010)

India

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low

 

A2

Moderate

 

B1

High

 

B2

Very High

 

C1

Restricted

 

C2

Off-credit

 

D

 

 

INFORMATION DECLINED BY

 

Management non-cooperative

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

Third Floor, Kodak House, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400001, Maharashtra, India

Tel. No.:

91-22-66584600

Fax No.:

91-22-22019094

E-Mail :

Bipin.singh@db.com

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

(AS ON 24.09.2010)

 

Name :

Mr. Pratik Gupta

Designation :

Director

Address :

605, Oyster Shell I, Juhu Tara Road, Mumbai – 400049

Date of Birth/Age :

17.12.1968

Date of Appointment :

21.08.2008

DIN No.:

02262794

 

 

Name :

Mr. Munish Ravindra Varma

Designation :

Director

Address :

112, Westfield, 15 Kidderpore Avenue, London NW3 7SJ, London

Date of Birth/Age :

25.09.1971

Date of Appointment :

12.03.2009

DIN No.:

02442753

 

 

Name :

Mr. Sanjay Agarwal

Designation :

Director

Address :

M-21 Greater Kailash – II, New Delhi – 110048

Sanjay.agarwal@db.com

Date of Birth/Age :

17.08.1966

Date of Appointment :

24.09.2010

DIN No.:

02555524

 

 

Name :

Mr. Jigar Jayantilal Shah

Designation :

Director

Address :

3-15, Seema, 4 Bungalows Road, Versova, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400053

Date of Birth/Age :

23.03.1968

Date of Appointment :

14.10.2002

DIN No.:

00288821

 

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

(AS ON 24.09.2010)

 

Name :

Mr. Bipin Singh

Designation :

Company Secretary

Address :

Flat No. C-304, 3rd Floor, Lakshchandi Heights, Off A. K. Vaidya Marg, Gokuldham, Goregaon (East), Mumbai – 400063

Date of Birth/Age :

09.03.1968

Date of Appointment :

17.06.2009

PAN No. :

AAVPS1109H

 

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS / SHAREHOLDING PATTERN

 

(AS ON 24.09.2010)

 

Names of Shareholders

No. Equity of Shares

No. Of Preference Shares 

Deutsche India Holdings Private Limited, Mumbai 

1919999

--

Deutsche Asia Pacific Holdings Pte Limited, Singapore 

1

22560000

Total

1920000

22560000

 

 

(AS ON 30.09.2010)

 

Category

 

Percentage

 

 

 

Foreign holdings [Foreign institutional investors, Foreign Companies, Foreign Financial Institutions, Non-resident Indian or Overseas corporate bodies or others]

 

0.01

Bodies corporate

 

99.99

 

 

 

Total

 

100.00

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

The principal activity of the Company is to act as a stockbroker for foreign institutional investors and domestic mutual funds. The Company also provides merchant banking and advisory services.

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

No. of Employees :

Not Divulged by the Management

 

 

Bankers :

Standard Chartered Bank, 90, M. G. Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400001

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

--

 

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

B S R and Company

Chartered Accountants

Address :

Lodha Excelus, 1st Floor, Apollo Mills Compound, N. M. Joshi Marg, Mahalakshmi, Mumbai – 400011, Maharashtra, India

Tel. No.:

91-22-39896000

Fax No.:

91-22-39836000

 

 

Ultimate Holding Company :

Deutsche Bank AG (and its branches)

 

 

Holding Company :

Deutsche India Holdings Private Limited

U67120MH2004PTC146800

 

 

Fellow Subsidiaries :

  • Deutsche Investments India Private Limited
  • Deutsche Securities (India) Private Limited
  • Deutsche Investor Services Private Limited
  • DBOI Global Services Private Limited
  • Global Markets Centre Private Limited

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

AS ON 31.03.2010

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

2,000,000

Equity Share

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 20.000 Millions

23,000,000

13.25 % Non cumulative redeemable Preference Shares

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 230.000 Millions

 

Total 

 

Rs. 250.000 Millions

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

1,920,000

Equity Share, fully paid up 

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 19.200 Millions

22,560,000

13.25 % Non cumulative redeemable Preference Shares, fully paid up 

Rs. 10/- each

Rs. 225.600 Millions 

 

Total

 

Rs. 244.800 Millions

 

1,919,999 equity shares of Rs. 10/- each held by Deutsche India Holdings Private Limited, the Holding Company and 1 equity share of Rs. 10/- each held by Deusche Asia Pacific Holdings Pte. Limited 

 

22,560,000 13.25 % Non cumulative redeemable Preference Shares of Rs. 10/- each are held by Deutsche Asia Pacific Holdings Pte. Limited. Te preference shares are redeemable at par or premium and on such date (not exceeding 20 years from the date of issue of shares i.e. 4th July 2003) as may be determined by the Board of Directors.

 

  FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.03.2010

31.03.2009

31.03.2008

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Share Capital

244.800

244.800

244.800

2] Share Application Money

0.000

0.000

0.000

3] Reserves & Surplus

4391.712

3510.318

2584.360

4] (Accumulated Losses)

0.000

0.000

0.000

NETWORTH

4636.512

3755.118

2829.160

LOAN FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Secured Loans

0.000

0.000

0.000

2] Unsecured Loans

0.000

0.000

0.000

TOTAL BORROWING

0.000

0.000

0.000

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

4636.512

3755.118

2829.160

 

 

 

 

APPLICATION OF FUNDS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FIXED ASSETS [Net Block]

64.406

53.710

34.714

Capital work-in-progress

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

INVESTMENT

1050.660

451.381

156.447

DEFERREX TAX ASSETS

153.575

141.987

138.141

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES

 

 

 

 

Inventories

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

Sundry Debtors

1334.004

1462.840

994.445

 

Cash & Bank Balances

37543.588

13874.228

17739.011

 

Other Current Assets

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

Loans & Advances

659.093

495.297

270.113

Total Current Assets

39536.685

15832.365

19003.569

Less : CURRENT LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS

 

 

 

 

Sundry Creditors

5104.908

3224.434

3858.442

 

Other Current Liabilities

31003.337

9453.008

12595.215

 

Provisions

60.569

46.883

50.054

Total Current Liabilities

36168.814

12724.325

16503.711

Net Current Assets

3367.871

3108.040

2499.858

 

 

 

 

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

4636.512

3755.118

2829.160

 


PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

 

PARTICULARS

31.03.2010

31.03.2009

31.03.2008

 

SALES

 

 

 

 

 

Commission Income

2175.300

1765.294

2483.558

 

 

Fee Income

311.402

763.807

1533.205

 

 

Interest on deposits with banks

754.652

892.612

673.534

 

 

Other Income

53.702

53.940

39.297

 

 

TOTAL                                     (A)

3295.056

3475.653

4729.594

 

 

 

 

 

Less

EXPENSES

 

 

 

 

 

Employee Costs

1182.532

1095.644

1039.666

 

 

Operating and Administration costs

736.556

905.604

776.117

 

 

TOTAL                                     (B)

1919.088

2001.248

1815.783

 

 

 

 

 

Less

PROFIT BEFORE INTEREST, TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION (A-B)      (C)

1375.968

1474.405

2913.811

 

 

 

 

 

Less

FINANCIAL EXPENSES                         (D)

3.537

0.110

3.555

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION (C-D)                                       (E)

1372.431

1474.295

2910.256

 

 

 

 

 

Less/ Add

DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION                     (F)

20.804

15.530

10.614

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT BEFORE TAX (E-F)                               (G)

1351.627

1458.765

2899.642

 

 

 

 

 

Less

TAX                                                                  (I)

435.376

497.835

1055.449

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT AFTER TAX (G-I)                                  (J)

916.251

960.930

1844.193

 

 

 

 

 

Add

PREVIOUS YEARS’ BALANCE BROUGHT FORWARD

3510.318

2584.360

775.139

 

 

 

 

 

Less

APPROPRIATIONS

 

 

 

 

 

Preference Dividend

29.892

29.892

29.892

 

 

Tax on Preference Dividend

4.965

5.080

5.080

 

BALANCE CARRIED TO THE B/S

4391.712

3510.318

2584.360

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings Per Share (Rs.)

459.06

482.27

942.30

 

 


KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.03.2010

31.03.2009

31.03.2008

PAT / Total Income

(%)

27.81

27.65

38.99

 

 

 

 

 

Net Profit Margin

(PBT/Sales)

(%)

41.02

41.97

61.31

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

(PBT/Total Assets}

(%)

3.41

9.18

15.23

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

(PBT/Networth)

 

0.29

0.39

1.02

 

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Liability/Networth)

 

7.80

3.39

5.83

 

 

 

 

 

Current Ratio

(Current Asset/Current Liability)

 

1.09

1.24

1.15

 

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

SUNDRY CREDITORS DETAILS

Rs In Millions

Particulars

31.03.2010

31.03.2009

31.03.2008

 

 

 

 

Trade Creditors

4237.155

2107.964

3079.043

Sundry Creditors of expenses

867.753

1116.470

779.399

Total

5104.908

3224.434

3858.442

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note

 

Registered office of the company has been shifted from GR Floor D B House Hazarimal Somani Marg, Fort, Mumbai – 400001, Maharashtra to the present address w.e.f. 10.01.2007

 

 

BACKGROUND

 

Deutsche Equities India Private Limited (‘DEIPL’ or the Company”) was incorporated on 3 October 2002 as a private Limited company under the Companies Act, 1956). Deutsche India Holdings Private Limited., a private limited company incorporated in India under the Companies Act, 1956 is the Holding Company of DEIPL by virtue of the acquisition of 99.99% of the total equity share capital.

 

The Company has acquired corporate membership of the National Stock Exchange (‘NSE’) and Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (‘BSE’), on 11 July 2003 and 9 October 2003 respectively and is also registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI’). The Company commenced operations on ii August 2003. The Company has also acquired the membership of the derivatives segment of the NSE. The Company has a licence from the SEBI to act as a Merchant Banker and Underwriter.

 

The principal activity of the Company is to act as a stockbroker for foreign institutional investors and domestic mutual funds. The Company also provides merchant banking and advisory services.

 

BUSINESS OUTLOOK

 

The financial year 2009-10 turned out to be year another eventful year for global financial markets and even more so for India. While FY 2008-09 was a year where India was driven almost entirely by global development, FY 2009-10 had domestic events contributing in equal measure.

 

In April 2009, when the global financial system had just begun to find its feet, India went into national election mode. Despite having lasted its full 5-year term, the incumbent UPA coalition was not a sureshot winner – and the markets did reflect some of this uncertainty. However, the electrorate’s mandate was handed out in no uncertain terms – the UPA – II was voted back to power. Stock markets jumped + 20 % in a day as both FII and local monies rushed in – driven by the prospects of a stable Government that would last full term and enact economic reforms. Over the course of the year, equity climbed almost every wall-of-worry it encountered (whether it was the local failed monsoon or the global Dubai / EU / UK / other macro developments) and did not look back.

 

During this eventful year, the business continued to build on the franchise strengths gathered over the year – and undeniably due to Deutsche Bank’s unwavering commitment to India and to the equities business. They added several new bluechip clients and conducted some labdmark primary deals. The year was topped off by the ‘Namaste DB Access India Conference’ widely acclaimed as the most successful India Equities conference of the year.

 

The Futures and Options market has also continued to show growth – although the products – mix has altered substantially in favour of options – driven by investors heightened need to hedge cash portfolios dovetailing with the revival of risk taking at the options writers end. The Directors see a lot of growth potential in this segment in the coming years as well, especially with the sharp rise of Algos –driven Direct market Access competing the missing piece of the bundled product offering.

 

The first 3 months of the current financial year have been India’s economy go from strength –to – strength – and the stocks markets have flowed as it catches the eye of almost every large global investor. The Directors expect the economy to continue growing strongly and correspondingly reflected in secondary market – activity and a packed primary calendar. The Directors remain optimistic about achieving good performance during the current financial year.         

 

OPERATIONS

 

The total income for the year amounted to Rs. 3295.056 Millions as compared to Rs. 3475.653 Millions in the previous year. After deducting total expenditure, Depreciable and Tax, the Company has earned at Net Profit after Tax of Rs. 916.251 Millions as compared to Rs. 960.930 Millions in the previous year and the same has been carried forward to balance sheet.   

 

Contingent Liabilities 

Rs in Millions

Particulars

31.03.2010

31.03.2009

 

 

 

Income Tax Demand – Assessment Year 2005-06

81.986

81.986

Income Tax Demand – Assessment Year 2006-07

123.664

0.000

Total

205.650

81.986

 

Bankers Charges Report as per Registry

 

 

Name of the company

DEUTSCHE EQUITIES INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Presented By

Standard Chartered Bank, 90, M. G. Road, Fort, Mumbai – 1

1) Date and description of instrument creating the change

Agreement of Hypothecation of Book Debts of Broking Firms / Companies dated 24th March, 2004

2) Amount secured by the charge/amount owing on the securities of charge

Rs. 500.000 Millions

3) Short particular of the property charged. If the property acquired is subject to charge, date of the acquired of the property should be given

Hypothecation by way of first charge to the Bank on

All the book debts, outstanding moneys, receivable claims and bills which are now due and owing or which may at any time hereafter during the continuance of this facility and security become dye and owing to the borrower in the course of its business by any of the Borrowers Customers / Constituents / their Broker / Agents / Custodians and all / any Stock Exchange Body / Authority or person, firm, company or body corporate or by the Government Department or office or any Municipal or Local or Public or semi Government Body or authority or any body corporate or undertaking or project whatever in the public section.  

4) Gist of the terms and conditions and extent and operation of the charge.

ROI :

As would be determined by bank from time to time.

5) Name and Address and description of the person entitled to the charge.

Standard Chartered Bank,

90, M. G. Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400001

6) Date  and brief description of instrument modifying the charge

Not Applicable

7) Particulars of modifications specifying the terms and conditions or the extent of operations of the charge in which modification is made and the details of the modification.

Not Applicable

 

FIXED ASSETS

 

  • Office Equipment
  • Computer (Hardware)
  • Telecommunication Equipment
  • Furniture and Fixtures
  • Computer (Software)

 

 

Key developments for Deutsche Equities India Private Limited

 

Deutsche Equities India Private Limited Presents at DB Access India Conference 2010, Mar-02-2010 through Mar-04-2010

 

03/1/2010

 

Deutsche Equities India Private Limited Presents at DB Access India Conference 2010, Mar-02-2010 through Mar-04-2010. Venue: Mumbai, India. Presentation Date & Speakers: Mar-02-2010, Abhay Laijawala, Head of Research, Abhay Shanbhag, Pharma Analyst, Dipankar Choudhury, Financial Services Analyst, Manish Saxena, Infrastructure Analyst, Pratik Gupta, Head of Equities. Mar-03-2010, Abhay Laijawala, Head of Research, Abhay Shanbhag, Property Analyst, Dipankar Choudhury, Financial Services Analyst, S Ramesh, Oil & Gas Analyst, Srini Rao, Telecom Analyst. Mar-04-2010, Manish Saxena, Infrastructure Analyst, Pratik Gupta, Head of Equities, S Ramesh, Oil & Gas Analyst.

 

 

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No records exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                              None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.45.20

UK Pound

1

Rs.70.27

Euro

1

Rs.59.99

 

 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

7

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

7

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

6

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

6

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

6

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

6

--LEVERAGE

1~10

6

--RESERVES

1~10

7

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

7

--MARGINS

-5~5

--

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

NO

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

NO

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

YES

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

TOTAL

 

58

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 

 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

-

NB

                                       New Business

-

 

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.