MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

29.10.2011

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

CITIC AUSTRALIA COMMODITY TRADING PTY LTD

 

 

Registered Office :

'Citic House' Level 7 99 King Street Melbourne Victoria 3000

 

 

Country :

Australia

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.12.2010

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

21.01.1994

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

063221509

 

 

Legal Form :

Australian Proprietary Company

 

 

Line of Business :

International commodity trading focusing on trade between China and Australia.

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

A

 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

Fairly Large

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 8,000,000

Status :

Good

Payment Behaviour :

Usually Correct

Litigation :

Clear

 

NOTES :

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail: infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List – September 30, 2011

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(30.06.2011)

Current Rating

(30.09.2011)

Australia

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low

 

A2

Moderate

 

B1

High

 

B2

Very High

 

C1

Restricted

 

C2

Off-credit

 

D

 


IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

 

Verified Address

 

Subject name                :           CITIC AUSTRALIA COMMODITY TRADING PTY LTD

 

Business address          :           'Citic House' Level 7

99 King Street

 

Town                             :           Melbourne

Province                        :           Victoria

Zip/postal code              :           3000

Country                         :           Australia

 

Tel                                :           +61 3 96148000

 

Fax                               :           +61 3 96147157

 

Website                        :           www.citicresources.com

 

 

Registered address        :           'Citic House' Level 7

99 King Street Town       :           Melbourne

Province                        :           Victoria

Zip/postal code              :           3000

Country                                                           :                       Australia

 

 

SUMMARY DETAILS

 

Executive Summary

 

Date founded or registered          :   21/01/1994

 

Legal form                                 :   Australian Proprietary Company

 

Chief executive                          :   Chen Zeng

 

Issued & paid up capital             :   AUD 500,002

 

Sales turnover                            :   AUD 3,432,122,000 (Consolidated 12 months, 31/12/2010)

Net income                                :   AUD 20,057,000 (Consolidated 12 months, 31/12/2010)

Total fixed assets                       :   AUD 258,752,000 (Consolidated 12 months, 31/12/2010)

Line of business                         : International commodity trading focusing on trade between China and Australia.

 

Staff employed                                                                        :   50 (Subject) 140,028 (Citic Group)

 

 

CREDIT RISK OPINION

 

Company Analysis

 

Country risk                               :   Country risk is minimal

Operation trend                          :   Operational trend is progressing

Management experience :   Management is adequately experienced

Financial performance                :   Financial performance is good

Organization structure                :   Organizational structure is stable

Detrimental                    :   No detrimental records found

Payment history                                    :   No payment delays noted

 

Credit amount suggestion     :   USD 8,000,000

 

 

Credit amount asked                  :   Not described.

 

Comments                                :   Larger credit can still be considered. The Subject is well positioned in the market and the financial stability of the group is positive.

 

 

STATUTORY DETAILS

 

Registry Data

 

Registration date                        :   21/01/1994

 

Legal form                                 :   Australian Proprietary Company

 

Registration no                          Australian Company Number: 063221509

 

Registered authority                   :   Australian Securities & Investments Commission

 

Fiscal/ Tax no                            :   Australian Business

Number                                     : 16063221509

Registry status                          :   Live/Active

Previous name                           :   None reported.

Change of legal form                   :   None reported.

 

 

MANAGEMENT / DIRECTORS

 

Key Management

 

Name                :           Chen Zeng

Designation       :           Director

 

 

Name                :           Tinghu Guo

Designation       :           Director

 

Name                :           Weizhuo Tian

Designation    :                       Export Manager

 

 

 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS/ OTHER APPOINTMENTS

 

Appointments

 

Name                            :           Tinghu Guo

Designation                   :           Director

Appointment date           :           28/10/05

Address                        :           117 Rowell Avenue

Camberwell, VIC 3124

Australia

 

Biography                      :           Born on 18-04-1962 in Zhejiang, China.

 

Mr. Guo Tinghu has been appointed as Executive Director of CITIC Resources Holdings Limited with effect from 1 May 2011. He has been an executive director of CITIC Resources Australia Pty Limited since 2004 and the managing director of CITIC Australia Trading Pty Limited (formerly known as CITIC Australia Trading Limited and delisted from the Australian Securities Exchange in January 2009) since 2008. Both companies are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company. He is also a director of several other subsidiaries of the Company. Mr. Guo is the managing director of CITIC Australia Pty Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CITIC Group. Mr. Guo has over

22 years’ experience in business operations and trading in various commodities. Mr. Guo holds a Bachelor of Engineering Degree from Northeastern University in Shenyang and a Master’s Degree in Engineering from Central Iron and Steel Research Institute in Beijing.

 

 

Name                            :           Chen Zeng

Designation                   :           Director

Appointment date           :           01/02/02

Address                        :           18 Malvern Avenue

Glen Iris, VIC 3146

Australia

 

Biography                      :           Born on 09-10-1963 in in Jiangsu, China.

 

Mr. Zeng Chen is the President, Chief Executive Officer, Executive

 

Director of CITIC Resources Holdings Ltd with effect from 1

September 2010. He has been an Executive Director of the Company since 2004. He is also a Director of several subsidiaries of the Company. He is responsible for the corporate development, management and operations of the Group. Mr. Zeng holds a

Master’s Degree in International Finance from Shanghai University

of Finance and Economics. He is currently a Director of CITIC Group, the executive chairman of CITIC Australia Pty Limited, a

Non-executive Director of Macarthur Coal and Marathon Resources Limited (both listed on the ASX), and a Director (formerly the Chairman and a Non-Executive Director) of CATL which was delisted from the ASX in January 2009. He also holds directorships in several other subsidiaries of CITIC Group. Mr. Zeng has over 22 years’ experience in business operations and development, project investment, asset restructuring and the aluminium and coal industry.

 

 

Name                            :           Irwin Kam

Designation                   :           Company Secretary

Appointment date           :           17/07/07

Address                        :           1 Maiden Court

Burwood, VIC 3125

Australia

 

Biography                      :           Born on 02-10-1960 in Hong Kong.

Staff employed               :           50 (Subject) 140,028 (Citic Group)

 

 

Key Advisors

 

Auditors                        :           ERNST & YOUNG

8 Exhibition Street

Melbourne, VIC 3000

Australia

 

SHARE CAPITAL

 

Composition

 

Authorized Capital                              :   AUD 500,002

 

No of shares                                       :   500,002 Ordinary Shares

 

Share par value                                   :   AUD 1

 

Issued capital                                     :   AUD 500,002

 

Paid up capital                                                                                         :   AUD 500,002

 

 

OWNERSHIP / SHAREHOLDERS

 

How listed         :   Full List

 

Composition

Shareholder name                      :   CITIC AUSTRALIA TRADING PTY LTD

Address                                    :   'Citic House' Level 7

99 King Street

Melbourne, VIC 3000

Australia

 

No. of shares                                                  :   500,002 Ordinary Shares

 

 

RELATED COMPANIES & CORPORATE AFFILIATIONS

 

Structure

 

Name                            :   CITIC GROUP

 

Affiliation type                :   Ultimate Holding Company

 

Address                        :   Room 1004

Jingcheng Mansion No.6

Xinyuan South Road Chaoyang District Beijing, 100004

China

 

Comments                    :   CITIC GROUP, with the initiation and approval by Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening - up, was established on Oct. 4, 1979 by Rong Yiren, former Vice President of People Republic of China.

 

CITIC is a window on China's opening to the outside world. Since its inception, CITIC has always adhered to the principle of innovation. In line with government laws, regulations and policies, CITIC has attracted and utilized foreign capital, introduced advanced technologies, and adopted advanced and scientific international practice in operation and management. In the light of the law of economy, CITIC has made explorations in many business fields with remarkable success and has achieved good economic results. By doing so, CITIC has made

 

 

significant contributions to the country's reform and opening up drive and established good reputation both domestically and abroad.

 

CITIC has grown into a large transnational conglomerate. It now owns 44 subsidiaries ( banks ) including those in Hong Kong, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. The company has also set up representative office in Tokyo, New York and Kazakhstan. CITIC's core business ranges from financial industry, industrial investment to service industries. By the end of 2010, CITIC's total assets stood at RMB 2.5390 trillion with an after-tax profit of RMB 33.4 billion.

 

 

Name                :   CITIC RESOURCES HOLDINGS LIMITED

Affiliation type    :   Intermediate Holding Company

Address            :   Suites 3001-3006, 30/F One Pacific Place

88 Queensway

Hong Kong

 

Comments        :   CITIC Resources Holdings Limited, an investment holding company, operates primarily in the oil and coal business in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), Australia, Europe, North America, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and other Asian countries. The company’s Aluminium Smelting segment engages in the operation of Portland aluminium smelter, which sources alumina and produces aluminium ingots in Australia. Its Coal segment comprises the operation of coal mines and the sale of coal in Australia. The company’s Import and Export of Commodities segment includes the export of various commodity products, such as aluminium ingots, iron ore, alumina, and coal; and the import of other commodities and manufactured goods, such as vehicle and industrial batteries, tyres, alloy wheels, and various metals comprising steel and aluminium extrusion products in Australia. Its Crude Oil segment engages in the operation of oilfields, as well as the sale of crude oil and related products in Indonesia, the PRC, and Kazakhstan. It involves in the exploration, development, production, and sale of oil from the Seram Island Non-Bula block, Indonesia; the Hainan-Yuedong block in the Bohai Bay Basin in Liaoning Province, the PRC; and the Karazhanbas oil and gas field

in Mangistau Oblast, the Republic of Kazakhstan. The company also involves in property holding, equipment lease holding, and oil technology development activities, as well as in the exploration and development of nickel mines. CITIC Resources Holdings Limited was incorporated in 1997. The company is headquartered in Queensway, Hong Kong, and is considered a Red Chip company due to its listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. CITIC Resources Holdings Limited is a subsidiary of CITIC Group.

 

CITIC Group (formerly China International Trust and Investment Corporation) became the majority controlling shareholder of the Company in March 2004, currently indirectly holding interest in the Company of 56.54%.

 

 

Name                :   CITIC AUSTRALIA TRADING PTY LTD

Affiliation type    :   Parent Company

Address            :   'Citic House' Level 7

99 King Street

Melbourne, VIC 3000

Australia

 

Comments      :   CITIC Australia Trading Ltd., through its subsidiaries, operates as an international commodity trading company that focuses on trade between China and Australia. It exports various commodity products, such as alumina, iron ore, steel, and aluminum ingot. The company also imports other commodities and manufactured goods, including vehicle and industrial batteries, tires, alloy wheels, and aluminum extrusions, as well as metals, such as steel and aluminum products. In addition, it exports steel to Europe, as well as exports steel, non-ferrous, and ferrous metals to other countries, such as Japan, Korea, and Switzerland. The company was founded in 1986 and is based in Melbourne, Australia. In January 2009, CITIC AUSTRALIA TRADING PTY LTD was successfully privatised and delisted from the Australian Securities Exchange. It now operates as a subsidiary of CITIC RESOURCES HOLDINGS LIMITED.

 

 

Name                :   CITIC AUTOPARTS PTY. LTD.

Affiliation type    :   Subsidiary

Address            :   Australia

Comments        :   Trading in Autoparts

 

 

Name                :   CHINA CITIC BANK CORPORATION LTD.

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   China

Comments        :   Banking and finance

 

 

Name                :   CITIC INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION CO., LTD

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   China

Comments        :   Construction

 

 

Name                :   CITIC REAL ESTATE CO,. LTD.

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   China

Comments        :   CITIC Real Estate Co., Ltd. provides real estate management and development services. The company was founded in 2007 and is based in China. CITIC Real Estate Co., Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of CITIC Group Company

 

 

Name                :   CITIC METAL COMPANY LIMITED

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   Room 1903, Capital Mansion

6 Xinyuan Nanlu, Chaoyang District

Beijing 100004

China

 

Comments        :   CITIC Metal Company Limited markets and distributes niobium products, iron ore, and non-ferrous metals like copper, lead, zinc, and their concentrates, silver and steel products. CITIC Metal Company Limited also invest in metal mining projects.

 

 

Name                :   CITIC HEAVY INDUSTRIES COMPANY LTD

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   206 Jianshe Road Henan

Province Luoyang 471039

China

 

Comments        :   CITIC Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. engages in the manufacture of heavy machinery principally for the mining and non-ferrous, construction, metallurgical, power, environmental, and chemical industries in China and rest of Asia, Europe, the United States, Africa, and Australia. It offers grinding mills, gyratory crushers, high pressure grinding rolls, mine hoists, shaft drilling machines, crushing stations,

coal preparation equipment, vertical disk filters, rotary kilns for alumina, rotary refining furnaces, and horizontal rotary furnaces for the mining and non-ferrous industries; rotary kilns, large ball mills, and large roller presses for construction industry; metallurgical and rolling equipment, tubing and bar straighteners, bar and wire mills, oxidized pellet kilns, and plate and strip mills for the metallurgical

industry; and bridge cranes, equipment for hydropower stations, power generation equipment, and low-temperature waste heat generating equipment for the power industry. CITIC also supplies equipment for environmental protection projects; machinery for large-scale paper mills, as well as for fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and chemical plants; and large gear reducers, and castings and forgings. The company was founded in 2008 and is based in Luoyang, China. CITIC Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of CITIC Group Company.

 

 

Name                :   CITIC AUTOMOBILE CO., LTD

Affiliation type    :   Sister Company

Address            :   Suite A11

Honghua Golf Commercial Garden

No.108 Beiyuan Road

Beijing 100012

China

 

Comments        :   CITIC Automobile Co., Ltd invests, imports, and manufactures technology and equipment for automobiles, and components. The company is based in China. CITIC Automobile Company Limited operates as a subsidiary of CITIC Group Company.

 

Related companies and corporate affiliations comments:   Other companies of the Citic Group should be considered affiliates of the Subject

 

 

BANK & MORTGAGES

 

Bank Details

 

Name of bank    :   Australia And New Zealand Banking Group Limited

 

Address            :   Australia

 

Account details  :   Current Account

 

 

Name of bank    :   The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited

 

Address            :   Australia

 

Account details  :   Current Account

 

 

Name of bank    :   Bank of China (Australia) Limited

 

Address            :   Australia

 

Account details  :   Current Account

 

 

Comments        :   It is generally not the policy of local banks to provide credit status information to non related parties, however interested parties would be advised to consult first with the Subject if banker's references are required.

 

Mortgages      :   None reported.

 

Legal Fillings

Bankruptcy fillings          :   None reported.

Court judgements           :   None reported.

Tax liens                       :   None reported.

Others                          :   None reported.

 

 

 

FINANCIAL DATA

 

 

Description

 

Source of financial statement               :   Commercial Registry Filings

 

Financial statement date                     :   31/12/10

 

Type of accounts                                :   Full audited

 

Currency                                            :   Australia Dollar (AUD)

 

Exchange rate                                    :   1 USD = AUD 0.93 as of 28-10-2011

 

Summarized Financial Information

Consolidation type                                                                                   :   Consolidated                       Consolidated                      Group Consolidated Currency                                                                                                                  :   Australia Dollar (AUD)          Australia Dollar (AUD)         HongKong,        

                                                                                                                                             Dollar (HKD) 

Denomination                                                                                           :   (x1) One                             (x1) One                            (x1) One

Date of financial year end                    :   31/12/10                                                                  31/12/09                                                                   31/12/10

 

Length of accounts                             :

12 months

12 months

12 months

Sale turnover / Income                         :

3,432,122,000

2,117,749,000

32,252,330,000

Gross profit                                        :

52,693,000

41,107,000

2,941,512,000

Profit before tax                                  :

31,557,000

21,796,000

675,576,000

Net income                                        :

20,057,000

15,908,000

1,794,414,000

Non current assets                             :

2,871,000

1,800,000

20,925,323,000

Current assets                                    :

255,881,000

279,091,000

6,137,683,000

Inventories                                          :

23,452,000

58,199,000

963,700,000

Total assets                                       :

258,752,000

280,891,00

27,063,006,000

Current liabilities                                 :

201,213,000

243,384,000

2,749,933,000

Non current liabilities                           :

32,000

57,000

13,646,665,000

Total liabilities                                    :

201,245,000

243,441,000

16,396,598,000

Share equity                                       :

57,507,000

37,450,000

10,666,408,000

Reserve                                             :

-1,851,000

194,000

9,875,118,000

Retained earning                                 :

58,858,000

36,756,000

 

 

Comments:   The non-consolidated financial information above relates to the Subject only.

The group’s consolidated financial information above relates to the Subject’s Intermediate Holding Company Citic Resources Holdings Limited and all its subsidiaries which include the Subject.

 

OPERATION DETAILS

 

 

Main activities                :   The Subject is engaged in international commodity trading focusing on trade between China and Australia.

 

The Subject exports alumina, iron ore, aluminium ingot and coal mainly to China and other countries.

 

The Subject imports are vehicles and industrial battery, tyres and steel.

 

The Subject is part of CITIC Group which operates as an industrial conglomerate that offers banking, financial, manufacturing, and communication services through its subsidiaries. It provides securities, insurance, and trusts and funds related services. Additionally, CITIC Group offers construction contracting; and real estate and infrastructure development, trading, and information technology related services. The company has a strategic alliance with Itochu Corp. CITIC Group was founded in 1979 and is based in Beijing, China with additional offices in New York, New York; Tokyo, Japan; and Almaty, Kazakhstan.

 

 

Purchases

 

International       :   Worldwide: Mainly China and Asian countries

 

Sales

 

Local                :   Yes

 

International       :   Mainly China

 

Key events        :   2011 Fortune Global 500: CITIC Group continued to lift its ranking to 220th July 7, 2011

 

"Fortune" magazine just released the 2011 Global Top 500 list, based on operating income in 2010.

1. Ranking of CITIC Group

CITIC Group was enlisted again and continued to lift its ranking by 34 notches to 220 with its operating income of 263.9 billion RMB (39 billion US dollar) in 2010.

 

Property & Assets

 

Premises          :   The Subject operates from premises located at the verified heading address consisting of administrative office.

 

Branches        :   None reported.

 

 


SUMMARIZED COUNTRY RISK

 

 

Gross Domestic Products (GDP) & Economic

 

Overview Central bank                            :   Reserve Bank of Australia

Reserve of foreign exchange & gold         :   US$ 41.385 billion

Gross domestic product – GDP               :   US$ 1.235 trillion

 

GPP (Purchasing power parity)               :   918.529 billion of International dollars

 

GDP per capita - current prices               :   US$ 55,590

 

GDP - composition by sector                  :   agriculture: 4.1% industry: 26% services: 70%

 

Inflation                                                 :   2008: 4.4%

2009: 1.8%

2010: 2.8%

 

Unemployment rate                                :   2008: 4.2%

2009: 5.6%

2010: 5.2%

 

Public debt       

(General Government gross

debt as a % GDP)                                  :   2008: 11.6%

2009: 17.6%

2010: 22.3%

 

Government bond ratings                        :   Standard & Poor's: AAA/Stable/A-1+

Moody's rating: Aaa

Moody's outlook: STA

 

Market value of publicly traded shares      :   US$1.258 trillion

 

Largest companies in the country            :   Commonwealth Bank (Banking), BHP Billiton (Materials), Westpac Banking Group (Banking), Rio Tinto (Materials), National Australia Bank (Banking), ANZ Banking (Banking), Telstra (Telecommunications)

 

 

Trade & Competitiveness Overview

 

Total exports                 :   US$210.7 billion

 

Exports commodities     :   coal, iron ore, gold, meat, wool, alumina, wheat

 

Total imports                 :   US$187.2 billion

 

Imports commodities      :   machinery and transport equipment, computers and office machines, telecommunication equipment and parts, crude oil and petroleum products

Export - major partners               :   Japan 18.9%, China 14.2%, South Korea 8%, US 6%, NZ 5.6%, India

5.5%, UK 4.2%

 

Import - major partners               :   China 15.5%, US 12.8%, Japan 9.6%, Singapore 5.6%, Germany 5.2%, UK 4.3%, Thailand 4.2%

 

FDI Inflows                                :   2007: US$45,477 million

2008: US$46,722 million

2009: US$22,572 million

 

FDI Outflows                                                  :   2007: US$16,822 million

2008: US$32,819 million

2009: US$18,426 million

 

Best countries for doing business:   10 out of 183 countries

 

Global competitiveness ranking   :   16 (ranking by country on a basis of 133, the first is the best)

 

 

Country and Population Overview

 

Total population :   22.23 million

 

Total area          :   7,692,024 km2

 

Capital              :   Canberra

 

Currency         :   Australian dollars (AUD)

 

Internet users as % of total population:   74.00%

 

 

PAYMENT HISTORY

 

 

Purchase Term

 

Local                                                 :   Prepayment, Cash against document, Credit up to 120 days

 

International                                       :   L/C, Credit up to 120 days

 

 

Sales Term

 

Local                                                 :   Prepayment, Cash against document, Credit up to 120 days

 

International                                       :   L/C, Credit up to 120 days

 

 


Trade Reference/ Payment

 

Behaviour

 

Comments                                         :   As local and international trade references were not supplied, the Subject's payment track record history cannot be appropriately determined but based on our research, payments are believed to be met without delay.

 

 

Investigation Note

 

Sources                                             :   Interviews and material provided by the Subject

 

:   Other official and local business sources

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.48.82

UK Pound

1

Rs.78.57

Euro

1

Rs.69.28

 

 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

--

NB

                                       New Business

 

--

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.