MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

17.06.2013

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

LUK INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED (w.e.f. 06.12.2001)

 

 

Formerly Known As :

RANE CLUTCH PRODUCTS LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

P B No. 20 Royakottah Road, Hosur, Dharmapuri, Hosur-635109, Tamilnadu

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.12.2011

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

22.03.1995

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

18-010015

 

 

Capital Investment / Paid-up Capital :

Rs.225.000 Millions

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U29199TZ1995PTC010015

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

CHEL03003A

 

 

 

Legal Form :

Private Limited Liability Company

 

 

Line of Business :

Manufacturers of Clutch Cover Assemblies and Clutch Driving Plates.

 

 

No. of Employees :

Not Available

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

Ba (52)

 

RATING

STATUS

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

Satisfactory

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 6410000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is an established company having good track record. Company performance seems good. Trade relations are reported to be fair. Business is active. Payments are reported to be regular and as per commitments.

 

The company can be considered for normal business dealings at usual trade terms and condition.

 

NOTES :

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List – June 30, 2012

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(31.03.2012)

Current Rating

(30.06.2012)

India

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low

 

A2

Moderate

 

B1

High

 

B2

Very High

 

C1

Restricted

 

C2

Off-credit

 

D

 

 

RBI DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available RBI Defaulters’ list.

 

 

EPF (Employee Provident Fund) DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available EPF (Employee Provident Fund) Defaulters’ list as of 31-03-2012.

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office / Factory :

P B No. 20 Royakottah Road, Hosur, Dharmapuri, Hosur-635109, Tamilnadu, India

Tel. No.:

91-4344-222313/221265

Fax No.:

91-4344-222296

E-Mail :

mohansty@schaeffler.com

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

AS ON 27.06.2012

 

Name :

Mr. Joydeep Roy

Designation :

Managing Director

Address :

E-1, 165, Sobha Hibiscus, Outer Ring Road, Belandur, Bangalore-560037, Karnataka, India

Date of Birth/Age :

01.10.1964

Date of Appointment :

21.11.2006

Din No.:

01051460

Other Directorship:

S. No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U29199TZ1995PTC010015

LUK INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Managing director

21/11/2006

21/11/2006

Active

NO

2

U34300PN1997PTC015240

INA BEARINGS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Managing director

01/10/2011

01/10/2011

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Matthias Zink

Designation :

Director

Address :

Ottenhoffn IM, Schwarzwald, Hausacker 3, Ottenhofen-77883, Germany

Date of Birth/Age :

20.06.1969

Date of Appointment :

22.03.2010

Din No.:

02980544

Other Directorship:

S. No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U29199TZ1995PTC010015

LUK INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

27/06/2012

22/03/2010

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Mr. Nitish Acharya

Designation :

Alternate Director

Address :

C-235, Nandanvan Society, New Sama, Vadodara-390008, Gujarat, India

Date of Birth/Age :

18.03.1960

Date of Appointment :

26.08.2011

Din No.:

02538284

Other Directorship:

S.

No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U29199TZ1995PTC010015

LUK INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Alternate director

26/08/2011

03/12/2008

Active

NO

 

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

Name :

Mr. Satyanarayan Mohanty

Designation :

Secretary

Address :

103, 25, Konappana Agraharae City, Bangalore-560100, Karnataka, India

Date of Birth/Age :

05.06.1979

Date of Appointment :

30.09.2008

Pan No.:

ATOPM7349H

 

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS / SHAREHOLDING PATTERN

 

AS ON 27.06.2012

 

Names of Shareholders

 

No. of Shares

Luk Vermogensverwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH, Germany

 

22499999

Industie AUF Baugesellachaft, Germany

 

1

 

 

 

TOTAL

 

22500000

 

AS ON 27.06.2012

 

Equity Share Breakup

 

Percentage of Holding

Category

 

 

Foreign holdings [Foreign institutional investors, Foreign Companies, Foreign Financial Institutions, Non-resident Indian or Overseas corporate bodies or others]

 

100.00

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Manufacturers of Clutch Cover Assemblies and Clutch Driving Plates.

 

 

Products :

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

ITEM CODE

 

Clutch Products

87.08

 

 

PRODUCTION STATUS [AS ON 31.12.2011]

 

Particulars

Unit

Licensed Capacity

Installed Capacity

Actual Production

Clutch Cover Assemblies and Clutch Driven Plates

Nos.

4615000 per annum

3766500 *

1874752

Clutch Release Systems

Nos.

500000 per annum

--

--

Kits

Nos.

--

--

1075856

 

NOTE: * As certified by the Management, and relied upon by the auditors, being a technical matter.

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

No. of Employees :

Not Available

 

 

Bankers :

  • ICICI Bank Limited, 110, Prakash Presidium, Mahatma Gandhi Salai, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600034, Tamilnadu, India

·         State Bank of India, Branch Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

--

 

 

Financial Institution :

Fag Bearings India Limited, Nariman Bhavan, 8th Floor, Backbay Reclamation, Nariman Point, Mumbai-400021, Maharashtra, India

 

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

BSR and Company

Chartered Accountants

Address :

Maruti Info Tee Centre, 11-12-1, Inner Ring Road, Koramangala, Bangalore-560071, Karnataka, India

PAN No:

AAAFB9852F

 

 

Holding Company :

Luk Vermogensverwaltungsgesellschaft GmbH, Germany

(Earlier, LuK Lamellen- und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs, Germany)

 

 

Ultimate Holding Company :

Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG, Herzogenaurach

(earlier, Schaeffler KG Germany)

 

 

Fellow Subsidiaries :

·         AFT Atlas Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH, Germany

·         FAG Bearings India Limited, Vadodara

·         FAG Roller Bearings India Private Limited, Vadodara

·         INA Bearings Private Limited, Pune

·         Luk (UK) Limited, Sheffield

·         Luk GmbH and Co. KG, Buhl

·         Luk Puebla S.A.DE.C.V, Mexico

·         Luk Savaria KFT, Hungary

·         Luk Truckparts GmbH and Co.KG, Germany

·         Luk Unna GmbH and Co. KG, Germany

·         Luk Transmission System LLC, USA

·         Luk Vermgensverwaltungsges. GmbH, Germany

·         Luk-Aftermarket Services Limited, Hereford

·         Schaeffler (Holding) China Co Limited, Shanghai, Jiading, Anting

·         Schaeffler Automotive Aftermarket Germany

·         Schaeffler Brasil Ltda, SOROCABA/SP

·         Schaeffler France S.A.S., France

·         Schaeffler Friction Products, China

·         Schaeffler Friction Products, Germany

·         Schaeffler Korea Corporation, Korea

·         Schaeffler Mexico, S. de R.L de C

·         Schaeffler Middle East

·         Schaeffler Middle East FZE, Dubai , United Arab Emirates

·         Schaeffler South Africa ( Pty) Limited, Port Elizabeth

·         Schaeffler Versicherungs, Germany

·         Schaeffler Japan Company Limited, Japan

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

AS ON 31.12.2011

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

22500000

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- each

Rs.225.000 Millions

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

22500000

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- each

Rs.225.000 Millions

 

 


 

FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.12.2011

31.12.2010

31.12.2009

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Share Capital

225.000

225.000

225.000

2] Share Application Money

0.000

0.000

0.000

3] Reserves & Surplus

1378.307

1116.267

821.223

4] (Accumulated Losses)

0.000

0.000

0.000

NETWORTH

1603.307

1341.267

1046.223

LOAN FUNDS

 

 

 

1] Secured Loans

0.000

0.000

0.000

2] Unsecured Loans

0.000

0.000

0.000

TOTAL BORROWING

0.000

0.000

0.000

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

6.261

2.970

4.123

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1609.568

1344.237

1050.346

 

 

 

 

APPLICATION OF FUNDS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FIXED ASSETS [Net Block]

735.970

460.760

415.226

Capital work-in-progress

234.789

14.837

5.309

 

 

 

 

INVESTMENT

0.003

0.003

0.002

DEFERREX TAX ASSETS

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES

 

 

 

 

Inventories

672.752

338.070

213.439

 

Sundry Debtors

814.799

577.342

476.482

 

Cash & Bank Balances

183.750

153.171

112.252

 

Other Current Assets

0.229

0.376

0.000

 

Loans & Advances

102.329

329.200

240.154

Total Current Assets

1773.859

1398.159

1042.327

Less : CURRENT LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS

 

 

 

 

Sundry Creditors

986.487

366.774

301.600

 

Other Current Liabilities

79.277

96.154

45.716

 

Provisions

69.289

66.594

65.202

Total Current Liabilities

1135.053

529.522

412.518

Net Current Assets

638.806

868.637

629.809

 

 

 

 

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1609.568

1344.237

1050.346

 


PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.12.2011

31.12.2010

31.12.2009

 

SALES

 

 

 

 

 

Income

 

 

 

 

Other Income

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL                                     (A)

3906.685

2842.508

2152.383

 

 

 

 

 

Less

EXPENSES

 

 

 

 

 

Office Expenses

 

 

 

Administrative Expenses

3436.536

2328.210

1751.945

 

 

Advertising Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL                                     (B)

3436.536

2328.210

1751.945

[Including Financial Expenses]

 

 

 

 

 

Less

PROFIT / (LOSS) BEFORE INTEREST, TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION (A-B)      (C)

470.149

514.298

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less

FINANCIAL EXPENSES                         (D)

0.098

0.139

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT / (LOSS) BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION (C-D)                                (E)

470.051

514.159

400.438

 

 

 

 

 

Less/ Add

DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION                     (F)

80.971

72.292

70.901

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT / (LOSS) BEFORE TAX (E-F)                (G)

389.080

441.867

329.537

 

 

 

 

 

Less

TAX                                                                  (H)

127.041

146.823

112.541

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT / (LOSS) AFTER TAX (G-H)                  (I)

262.039

295.044

216.996

 

 

 

 

 

Add

PREVIOUS YEARS’ BALANCE BROUGHT FORWARD

1001.967

706.923

489.927

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE CARRIED TO THE B/S

1264.006

1001.967

706.923

 

 

 

 

 

 

EARNINGS IN FOREIGN CURRENCY

 

 

 

 

 

Export Earnings

180.222

152.004

84.276

 

 

Reimbursement of Expenses

1.285

20.189

0.000

 

TOTAL EARNINGS

181.507

172.193

84.276

 

 

 

 

 

 

IMPORTS

 

 

 

 

 

Raw Materials

NA

NA

239.033

 

 

Stores & Spares

NA

NA

8.879

 

 

Capital Goods

NA

NA

23.531

 

TOTAL IMPORTS

NA

NA

271.443

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings / (Loss) Per Share (Rs.)

11.65

13.11

9.64

 

 

KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.12.2011

31.12.2010

31.12.2009

PAT / Total Income

(%)

6.71

10.38

10.08

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

(PBT/Total Assets}

(%)

15.50

23.77

22.61

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

(PBT/Networth)

 

0.24

0.33

0.31

 

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Liability/Networth)

 

0.71

0.39

0.39

 

 

 

 

 

Current Ratio

(Current Asset/Current Liability)

 

1.56

2.64

2.53

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

 

Sr. No.

Check List by Info Agents

Available in Report (Yes / No)

1]

Year of Establishment

Yes

2]

Locality of the firm

Yes

3]

Constitutions of the firm

Yes

4]

Premises details

No

5]

Type of Business

Yes

6]

Line of Business

Yes

7]

Promoter's background

Yes

8]

No. of employees

No

9]

Name of person contacted

No

10]

Designation of contact person

No

11]

Turnover of firm for last three years

Yes

12]

Profitability for last three years

Yes

13]

Reasons for variation <> 20%

--

14]

Estimation for coming financial year

No

15]

Capital in the business

Yes

16]

Details of sister concerns

Yes

17]

Major suppliers

No

18]

Major customers

No

19]

Payments terms

No

20]

Export / Import details (if applicable)

No

21]

Market information

--

22]

Litigations that the firm / promoter involved in

--

23]

Banking Details

Yes

24]

Banking facility details

No

25]

Conduct of the banking account

--

26]

Buyer visit details

--

27]

Financials, if provided

Yes

28]

Incorporation details, if applicable

Yes

29]

Last accounts filed at ROC

No

30]

Major Shareholders, if available

Yes

31]

PAN of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

32]

Date of Birth of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

Yes

33]

Voter ID No of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

34]

External Agency Rating, if available

No

 

 

BANKERS CHARGES REPORT AS PER REGISTRY

 

This form is for

Creation of charge

Corporate identity number of the company

U29199TZ1995PTC010015

Name of the company

LUK INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Address of the registered office or of the principal place of  business in India of the company

P B No. 20 Royakottah Road, Hosur, Dharmapuri, Hosur-635109, Tamilnadu, India

Type of charge

Movable Property [not being pledge]

Particular of charge holder

Fag Bearings India Limited, Nariman Bhavan, 8th Floor, Backbay Reclamation, Nariman Point, Mumbai-400021, Maharashtra, India

Email

raj.sarraf@schaeffler.com

Nature of description of the instrument creating or modifying the charge

Hypothecation Deed dated 4th May 2012 executed at Hosur to secure the repayment of the working capital loan of Rs. 400.000 Millions made by FAG Bearings India Limited to Luk India Private Limited Hypothecation Deed.

Date of instrument Creating the charge

04.05.2012

Amount secured by the charge

Rs.400.000 Millions

Brief particulars of the principal terms an conditions and extent and operation of the charge

Rate of Interest

11.5% Per Annum

 

Terms of Repayment

Repayable within one year from the actual date of final disbursement.

 

Extent and Operation of the charge

The charge extends to the movable assets of the borrower mentioned in the schedule 1 of the Hypothecation Deed.

Short particulars of the property charged

Plant and Machinery Non-Eou, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Transport and Handling Equipments, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Electrical Equipments, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Tools and Patterns, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Vehicles, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Office Equipments, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Other Fixtures, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Data Processing, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

Software, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

SAP Software, at P.B. 20, Royakottah Road, Hosur-635 109, Tamil Nadu.

 

 

FIXED ASSETS:

 

  • Freehold Land
  • Building
  • Plant And Machinery
  • Computers
  • Office Equipments
  • Furniture And Fittings
  • Vehicles

 

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                              None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 

 

 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.57.74

UK Pound

1

Rs.90.64

Euro

1

Rs.77.02

 

 

INFORMATION DETAILS

 

Report Prepared by :

TPT


 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

5

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

5

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

6

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

6

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

6

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

6

--LEVERAGE

1~10

6

--RESERVES

1~10

6

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

6

--MARGINS

-5~5

-

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

YES

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

NO

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

YES

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

--RBI

YES/NO

NO

--EPF

YES/NO

NO

TOTAL

 

52

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 


 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

-

NB

                                       New Business

-

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.