MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

Report Date :

06.12.2014

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

P.B. SYSTEMS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

No.11, IInd Floor “Rosy Towers”, No.7, Nungambakkam High Road, Chennai – 600034, Tamilnadu

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2014

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

17.02.1999

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

18-041915

 

 

Capital Investment / Paid-up Capital :

Rs.1.809 Millions

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U30006TN1999PTC041915

 

 

TIN No.:

Not Available

 

 

IEC No.:

Not Available

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

Not Available

 

 

PAN No.:

[Permanent Account No.]

Not Available

 

 

Legal Form :

Private Limited Liability Company

 

 

Line of Business :

Subject is engaged into Development of Software.

 

 

No. of Employees :

400 (Approximately)

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

A (64)

 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

Fairly Large

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 447000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is an established company having good track record.

 

Financial position of the company is sound. Fundamentals of the company are healthy.

 

Trade relations are reported as fair. Business is active. Payment terms are reported to be regular and as per commitment.

 

The company can be considered normal for business dealings at usual trade terms and conditions.

 

NOTES:

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List – June 1, 2014

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(31.03.2014)

Current Rating

(01.06.2014)

India

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low

 

A2

Moderate

 

B1

High

 

B2

Very High

 

C1

Restricted

 

C2

Off-credit

 

D

 

 

INDIAN ECONOMIC OVERVIEW

 

N E W S

 

Verdict Implications: Apex court order may alter coal import dynamics. Traders go slowly on talks over coal supply contracts, uncertainty over cancellation of blocks weigh on stocks.

 

Recent arrest of the Chennai head of the Registrar of Companies, the ministry of corporate affairs arm that ensures that companies file all the information required by the Companies Act is the latest manifestation of a messy fight between a father and his adopted son for the control of Rs 40000 mn Business Empire. The Central Bureau of Investigation arrested Manumeethi Cholan after he accepted Rs 10 lakhs as bribe from M a M Ramaswamy, a CBI official said.

 

Central Bureau of Investigation books Electrotherm for cheating Central Bank of Rs 4360 mn.

 

Infosys maintains revenue guidance. COO Rao says attrition still an area of concern and it would take a few more quarters to bring down levels to 13-15 %.

 

DHL to invest Euro 100 mn in India over next 2 years. The firm has chosen India to pilot its e-commerce business model for the Asia-Pacific region.

 

Blackstone may buy stake in BlueRidge SEZ in line with the fund’s real estate strategy in India.

 

Kingfisher Airlines Ltd grounded in October 2012 under the weight of heavy debt and accumulated losses, recently approached the Delhi high court for relief in two separate cases. The airline challenged a notice by Punjab & National Bank alleging that it had wilfully defaulted on Rs 7700 mn of loans and sought more time to comply with the requirements under the listing agreements with the Stock Exchanges.

 

OnMobile likely to sack another 300 employees. The lay-offs follow a spate of senior-level exits over the past two years, starting with of its founder. The overall lay-offs could number around 600 and are driven by the need to cut costs, says a former employee.

 

EXTERNAL AGENCY RATING

 

NOT AVAILABLE

 

 

RBI DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available RBI Defaulters’ list.

 

 

EPF (Employee Provident Fund) DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available EPF (Employee Provident Fund) Defaulters’ list as of 31-03-2014.

 

 

INFORMATION PARTED BY (GENERAL DETAILS)

 

Name :

Mr. Harsha Kumar

Designation :

Administrative Officer 

Contact No.:

91-9396274024

Date :

05.12.2014

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

No.11, IInd Floor “Rosy Towers”, No.7, Nungambakkam High Road, Chennai – 600034, Tamilnadu, India 

Tel. No.:

91-44-28270310

Mobile No.:

91-9396274024 (Mr. Harsha Kumar)

Fax No.:

91-44-28272539

E-Mail :

pratapmoturi@yahoo.com

Website :

www.pbsystems.com

 

 

Branch Office 1 :

Q City, B-Block, 1st Floor, Nanakramguda, Gachibowli, Hyderabad - 500032, Andhra Pradesh, India

 

 

Branch Office 2 :

40-1-52/5, Near Benz Circle, Sainag Complex, 5th Floor, Above ICICI Bank, M G Road, Vijayawada - 520010, Andhra Pradesh, India

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

As on 14.08.2014

 

Name :

Lakshmi Moturi

Designation :

Director

Address :

Sai Nilayam, N0.25 C ,Ranjith Street, Kottur Puram, Chennai - 600085, Tamilnadu, India

Date of Birth/Age :

15.11.1956

Date of Appointment :

15.12.2000

DIN No.:

00872281

Other Directorship:

S.

No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Date of cessation

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U67120TN1980PLC008217

SOUTH EAST FINANCE CO LIMITED

Director

10/04/1980

10/04/1980

-

Under Process of Striking off

NO

2

U74210TN1986PTC013261

ROSY MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

21/07/1997

21/07/1997

-

Active

NO

3

U30006TN1999PTC041915

P.B.SYSTEMS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

15/12/2000

15/12/2000

-

Active

NO

4

U72900TN2009PTC072850

P B SOFT SYSTEMS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

09/09/2009

09/09/2009

-

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Mr. Prathipati Rao Bhogeswara

Designation :

Director

Address :

24 Hidden Creek, Irvine Ca 92620, Irvine, 92620, United States of America

Date of Birth/Age :

30.11.1955

Date of Appointment :

17.02.1999

DIN No.:

01348894

Other Directorship:

S.

No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Date of cessation

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U30006TN1999PTC041915

P.B.SYSTEMS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

17/02/1999

17/02/1999

-

Active

NO

2

U72900TN2009PTC072850

P B SOFT SYSTEMS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Managing director

09/09/2009

09/09/2009

-

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Mallaiah Duddempudi

Designation :

Director

Address :

74-11-7/1, Babuji Road Patamata, Vijayawada, 520010, Andhra Pradesh, India

Date of Birth/Age :

01.06.1955

Date of Appointment :

01.04.2003

DIN No.:

01412971

Other Directorship:

S.

No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Date of cessation

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U26940AP1996PTC023947

KANAKADURGA PULVERISERS PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

26/06/1996

26/06/1996

-

Active

NO

2

U15142AP1987PTC007219

BABU AGRO OILS PRIVATE LIMITED.

Director

23/02/1998

23/02/1998

-

Strike off

NO

3

U15143AP1986PTC006977

BABU REFINED OILS PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

23/02/1998

23/02/1998

13/03/2007

Dormant

NO

4

U30006TN1999PTC041915

P.B.SYSTEMS (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

01/04/2003

01/04/2003

-

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Mr. Hanumanth Rao Garneni

Designation :

Alternate Director

Address :

Flat No.301, Sri Ganesh Residency, Vittal Rao Nagar, Madhpur, Hyderabad - 500000, Andhra Pradesh, India

Date of Birth/Age :

27.03.1947

Date of Appointment :

10.10.2002

DIN No.:

01413074

 

 

Name :

Mr. Garneni Venu

Designation :

Director

Address :

30, Augusta, Irvine Ca 92620, Irvine, 92620, United States Of America

Date of Birth/Age :

05.04.1969

Date of Appointment :

10.10.2002

DIN No.:

01941991

 

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

Name :

Mr. Harsha Kumar

Designation :

Administrative Officer 

 


 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

 

As on 14.08.2014

 

Names of Shareholders

No. of Shares

% of Holding

Prathipati Rao Bhogeswara

179889

99.45

Mallaiah Duddempudi

1000

0.55

Total

180889

100.00

 

 

 

 

Equity Share Break up (Percentage of Total Equity)

 

As on 14.08.2014

 

Category

Percentage

Directors or relatives of Directors

100.00

Total

100.00

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Subject is engaged into Development of Software.

 

 

Products :

--

 

 

Brand Names :

--

 

 

Agencies Held :

--

 

 

Exports :

 

Products :

Software and Applications

Countries :

USA

 

 

Imports :

Not Divulged 

 

 

Terms :

 

Selling :

Credit

 

 

Purchasing :

Credit

 

 

PRODUCTION STATUS – NOT AVAILABLE

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Suppliers :

Not Divulged 

 

 

Customers :

Not Divulged 

 

 

No. of Employees :

400 (Approximately)

 

 

Bankers :

ICICI Bank Limited, Vijaywada Main Branch, Andhra Pradesh, India

 

 

Facilities :

--

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

--

 

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

Murali and Moturi

Chartered Accountants

Address :

No.12, 2nd Floor, Rosy Tower, Chennai – 600034, Tamilnadu, India

Tel. No.:

91-44-28270310 / 28264015

Fax No.:

91-44-28272539

PAN No.:

AAIPM6535E

 

 

Memberships :

--

 

 

Collaborators :

--

 

 

Sister Concern :

Not Divulged 

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

As on 14.08.2014

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

1000000

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- each

Rs.10.000 Millions

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

180899

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- each

Rs.1.809 Millions

 

 


FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.03.2014

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

I.        EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

 

 

 

(1)Shareholders' Funds

 

 

 

(a) Share Capital

1.809

1.809

1.809

(b) Reserves & Surplus

154.630

107.862

61.693

(c) Money received against share warrants

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

(2) Share Application money pending allotment

0.000

0.000

0.312

Total Shareholders’ Funds (1) + (2)

156.439

109.671

63.814

 

 

 

 

(3) Non-Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) long-term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Deferred tax liabilities (Net)

0.318

0.309

1.025

(c) Other long term liabilities

0.000

0.000

0.000

(d) long-term provisions

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Non-current Liabilities (3)

0.318

0.309

1.025

 

 

 

 

(4) Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) Short term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Trade payables

0.158

0.148

0.963

(c) Other current liabilities

2.767

38.288

20.980

(d) Short-term provisions

23.881

22.890

5.633

Total Current Liabilities (4)

26.806

61.326

27.576

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

183.563

171.306

92.415

 

 

 

 

II.      ASSETS

 

 

 

(1) Non-current assets

 

 

 

(a) Fixed Assets

 

 

 

(i) Tangible assets

41.023

42.613

46.602

(ii) Intangible Assets

0.000

0.000

0.000

(iii) Capital work-in-progress

0.000

0.000

0.000

(iv) Intangible assets under development

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Non-current Investments

0.000

0.000

0.000

(c) Deferred tax assets (net)

0.000

0.000

0.000

(d)  Long-term Loan and Advances

0.000

0.000

0.000

(e) Other Non-current assets

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Non-Current Assets

41.023

42.613

46.602

 

 

 

 

(2) Current assets

 

 

 

(a) Current investments

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Inventories

0.000

0.000

0.000

(c) Trade receivables

47.693

49.480

12.305

(d) Cash and cash equivalents

54.634

43.462

15.393

(e) Short-term loans and advances

39.632

35.139

18.043

(f) Other current assets

0.581

0.612

0.072

Total Current Assets

142.540

128.693

45.813

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

183.563

171.306

92.415

 

 

PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

 

PARTICULARS

31.03.2014

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

 

SALES

 

 

 

 

 

Income

343.698

 

237.475

 

 

Other Income

0.921

 

0.045

 

 

TOTAL                                    

344.619

321.642

237.520

 

 

 

 

 

Less

EXPENSES

263.523

241.289

214.874

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

81.096

80.353

22.646

 

 

 

 

 

Less

DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION                    

10.448

12.011

9.086

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAX

70.648

68.342

13.560

 

 

 

 

 

Less

TAX                                                     

23.880

22.174

5.104

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/(LOSS) AFTER TAX

46.768

46.168

8.456

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings / (Loss) Per Share (Rs.)

258.53

452.63

82.92

 

 

KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.03.2014

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

Net Profit Margin

(PAT/Sales)

(%)

13.61

NA

3.56

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

(PBT/Total Assets}

(%)

38.49

39.89

14.67

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

(PBT/Networth)

 

0.45

0.62

0.21

 

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Debt /Networth)

 

0.00

0.00

0.00

 

 

 

 

 

Current Ratio

(Current Asset/Current Liability)

 

5.32

2.10

1.66

 

 

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

DEBT EQUITY RATIO

 

Particular

31.03.2012

31.03.2013

31.03.2014

 

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Share Capital

1.809

1.809

1.809

Reserves & Surplus

61.693

107.862

154.630

Share Application money pending allotment

0.312

0.000

0.000

Net worth

63.814

109.671

156.439

 

 

 

 

Long Term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

Short Term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

Debt/Equity ratio

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

YEAR-ON-YEAR GROWTH

 

Year on Year Growth

31.03.2012

31.03.2013

31.03.2014

 

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Total Income

237.520

321.642

344.619

 

 

35.417

7.144

 

 

 

NET PROFIT MARGIN

 

Net Profit Margin

31.03.2012

31.03.2013

31.03.2014

 

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Rs. In Millions

Total Income

237.520

321.642

344.619

Profit

8.456

46.168

46.768

 

3.56%

14.35%

13.57%

 

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

Sr. No.

Check List by Info Agents

Available in Report (Yes / No)

1]

Year of Establishment

Yes

2]

Locality of the firm

Yes

3]

Constitutions of the firm

Yes

4]

Premises details

No

5]

Type of Business

Yes

6]

Line of Business

Yes

7]

Promoter's background

Yes

8]

No. of employees

Yes

9]

Name of person contacted

Yes

10]

Designation of contact person

Yes

11]

Turnover of firm for last three years

Yes

12]

Profitability for last three years

Yes

13]

Reasons for variation <> 20%

-----------

14]

Estimation for coming financial year

No

15]

Capital in the business

Yes

16]

Details of sister concerns

No

17]

Major suppliers

No

18]

Major customers

No

19]

Payments terms

Yes

20]

Export / Import details (if applicable)

Yes

21]

Market information

----------

22]

Litigations that the firm / promoter involved in

----------

23]

Banking Details

Yes

24]

Banking facility details

No

25]

Conduct of the banking account

----------

26]

Buyer visit details

----------

27]

Financials, if provided

Yes

28]

Incorporation details, if applicable

Yes

29]

Last accounts filed at ROC

Yes

30]

Major Shareholders, if available

Yes

31]

Date of Birth of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

Yes

32]

PAN of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

33]

Voter ID No of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

34]

External Agency Rating, if available

No

 

 

NO CHARGES EXIST FOR COMPANY

 

 

FIXED ASSETS:

 

·         Land

·         Building

·         Plant and Machinery

·         Computer

·         Vehicles

·         Furniture and Fixture

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                  None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 


 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.61.85

UK Pound

1

Rs.96.73

Euro

1

Rs.76.53

 

 

INFORMATION DETAILS

 

Information Gathered by :

HTL

 

 

Analysis Done by :

DIV

 

 

Report Prepared by :

VNT


 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

7

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

7

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

7

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

7

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

7

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

7

--LEVERAGE

1~10

7

--RESERVES

1~10

8

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

7

--MARGINS

-5~5

--

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

NO

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

YES

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

NO

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

DEFAULTER

 

 

--RBI

YES/NO

NO

--EPF

YES/NO

NO

 

 

 

TOTAL

 

64

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 


 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

NB

NEW BUSINESS

 

 

 

 

 

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.