MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

The Ref. No.:          

220084/09/008/Vdb/inq

 

Report Date :

17.01.2014

 

 

 

 

Tel. No.:

91-2653045341

 

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

SEW – EURODRIVE INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

Plot No.4, GIDC Industrial Estate, Por-Ramangamdi, Vadodara – 391243, Gujarat.

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2013

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

03.02.1997

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

04-037646

 

 

Capital Investment / Paid-up Capital :

Rs.158.576 Million

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U34300GJ1997PTC037646

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

BRDS00751C

 

 

PAN No.:

[Permanent Account No.]

AABCS4703Q

 

 

Legal Form :

Private Limited Liability Company

 

 

Line of Business :

Assembling and dealing of Electric Motors and Accessories, Parts. 

 

 

No. of Employees :

250 (Approximately)

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

 

MIRA’s Rating :

Ba (46)

 

RATING

STATUS

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

Satisfactory

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 4000000

 

 

Status :

Satisfactory

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Usually Correct

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject is an established company having a satisfactory track record,

 

There appears dip in the profit of the company during 2013. However, reserves of the company appears to be good. No extend borrowing are recorded by the company.

 

Trade relation are fair. Business is active. Payment are reported to be usually correct.

 

The company can be considered normal for business dealing at usual trade terms and condition.

 

NOTES :

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List – September 30, 2013

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(30.06.2013)

Current Rating

(30.09.2013)

India

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low

 

A2

Moderate

 

B1

High

 

B2

Very High

 

C1

Restricted

 

C2

Off-credit

 

D

 

 

INDIAN ECONOMIC OVERVIEW

 

India’s current account deficit narrowed in the quarter ended September as government measures to curb imports, especially gold, kicked in.  The current account deficit, the excess of a country’s imports of goods and services over exports, narrowed to $ 5.2 billion from $ 21 billion in the year ago period, according to provisional Reserve Bank of India data. Finance Minister P. Chidambaram said the CAD for the year will be less than $ 60 billion or 3 per cent of GDP and the latest data suggests the government may achieve the target.

 

India was ranked 94th among the world’s most corrupt nations list. Denmark and New Zealand topped as the cleanest while Somalia emerged as the most corrupt.

 

India’s services sector activity witnessed a moderate improvement in November over the previous month, even while indicating the fifth successive monthly contraction, according the HSBC survey.

 

$53 million estimated losses suffered by India due to phishing attacks during the third quarter, according to a study by RSA. India ranks fourth in the list of nations hit by phishing attacks. The US remained at the top of the charts. Phishing is the process of acquiring information such as user names, passwords and credit card details by sending e-mails disguised as official mails.

 

Rs.4080 million worth of mobile-phone-based transactions by July 2013 compared to Rs.260 million in September, 2012, according to Deloitte report. The number of transactions has shot up from 94000 to 701000.

 

India aims to earn Rs.400000 million from the bandwidth auction set for January. The merger and acquisition guidelines, cleared by a group of ministers, will be out before the auction begins so that players can make informed decisions on the auctions.

 

 

RBI DEFAILTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available RBI Defaulters’ list.

 

 

EPF (Employee Provident Fund) DEFAILTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available EPF (Employee Provident Fund) Defaulters’ list as of 31-03-2012.

 

 

 

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

Plot No.4, GIDC Industrial Estate, POR-Ramangamdi, Vadodara – 391243, Gujrat.

Tel. No.:

91-265-3045200 / 2831086

Fax No.:

91-265-3045300 / 2831087

E-Mail :

salesvadodara@seweurodriveindia.com

vikas.johri@seweurodriveindia.com

Website :

http://www.seweurodriveindia.com

 

 

Assembly Sales Services :

Plot No. K3/1, Sipcot Industrial Park, Phase II, Mambakkam Village, Sriperumbudur- 602105, Kancheepuram, District Tamil Nadu.

Tel. No.:

91-44-37188888

Fax No.:

91-44-37188811

E-Mail :

saleschennai@seweurodriveindia.com

 

 

Technical Offices :

Located at:

·         Ahmedabad

·         Aurangabad

·         Bangalore

·         Bangladesh

·         Bellary

·         Chandigarh

·         Chennai

·         Cochin

·         Coimbatore

·         Cuttack

·         Gandhidham

·         Gurgaon

·         Hyderabad

·         Indore

·         Jamshedpur

·         Kolhapur

·         Kolkata

·         Lucknow

·         Mumbai

·         Nagpur

·         Nashik

·         New Delhi

·         Navi Mumbai

·         Pune

·         Raipur

·         Ranchi

·         Tiruchirappalli

·         Vadodara

 

 

Branches :

Located at:

·         Ahmedabad

·         Bangalore

·         Chennai

·         Coimbatore

·         Hyderabad

·         Kolkata

·         Mumbai

·         New Delhi

·         Pune

·         Raipur

 

DIRECTORS

 

AS ON 30.08.2013

 

Name :

Mr. Rainer Blickle

Designation :

Director

Address :

Am, Mjhlweg – 18, Kraichtal – 076703, Germany

Date of Birth/Age :

16.07.1947

Date of Appointment :

03.02.1997

DIN No.:

00105567

 

 

Name :

Mr. Hans Sondermann

Designation :

Director

Address :

FUM Raetig 19A, D- 76646, Bruchsal – 076646, Germany.

Date of Birth/Age :

17.04.1959

Date of Appointment :

28.06.2000

DIN No.:

00105512

 

 

Name :

Mr. Sameer Oberoi

Designation :

Director

Address :

A-18, Chitranjan Park, New Delhi – 110019, Delhi

Date of Birth/Age :

16.10.1968

Date of Appointment :

20.06.2005

DIN No.:

00105414

Other Directorship:

S.No.

CIN/LLPIN

Name of the Company/ LLP

Current designation of the Director/ Designated Partner

Date of appointment at current designation

Original date of appointment

Company/ LLP Status

Defaulting status

1

U34300GJ1997PTC037646

SEW-EURODRIVE INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

20/06/2005

20/06/2005

Active

NO

2

U63020MH2006PTC161327

NILKAMAL BITO STORAGE SYSTEMS PRIVATE LIMITED

Director

31/05/2012

22/03/2012

Active

NO

 

 

Name :

Mr. Abraham Mazuachary

Designation :

Managing Director

Address :

Flat No.4, Shyam’s Castle, K62, Anna Nagar East, Chennai-600102, Tamilnadu,

Date of Birth/Age :

07.11.1965

Date of Appointment :

01.11.2010

DIN No.:

03393668

 

 

KEY EXECUTIVES

 

Name :

Mr.Vikas Johri

Designation :

Secretary

Address :

201, Shourya Residance, Kalyan Nagar, Society II, Vadodara- 390018, Gujrat, India.

Date of Birth/Age :

10.01.1975

Date of Appointment :

08.04.2008

PAN No:

AIFPJ5593E

 

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS / SHAREHOLDING PATTERN

 

AS ON 30.08.2013

 

Names of Shareholders

No. of Shares

Sew Industriebeteiligings GmbH (Germany)

15857579

Sew Eurodrive GmbH and Company (Germany)

01

Total

15857580

 

AS ON 30.08.2013

 

Equity Share Breakup

 

Percentage of Holding

Category

 

 

Foreign holdings (Foreign institutional investor(s), Foreign companie(s) Foreign financial institution(s), Non-resident Indian(s) or Overseas corporate bodies or others)

 

100.00

Total

 

100.00

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Assembling and dealing of Electric Motors and Accessories, Parts. 

 

 

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

No. of Employees :

250 (Approximately)

 

 

Bankers :

·         Corporation Bank.

             Alkapuri Branch, National Plaza, R.C. Dutt Road, Vadodara – 390007,                          Gujrat, India.

 

 

 

Banking Relations :

----

 

 

Financial Institution:

Electronica Finance Limited.

810, Bilwakunj, Bhandarkar Road, Shivajinagar, Pune – 411004,          Maharashtra, India

 

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

B.S.R and Company

(Chartered Accountants)

Address :

Lodha Excelus, 1st Floor, Apollo Mills Compounds, N.M. Joshi Marg Mahalakshmi – 400011, Maharashtra, India.

PAN No.:

AAIFB4734C

 

 

Ultimate Holding Company:

SEW Eurodrive GmbH and Company

 

 

Holding Companies:

SEW Industriebeteiligings GmbH

 

 

Associates :

·         SEW Eurodrive Private Limited (Singapore)

·         SEW Industrial Gears. OY (Finland)

·         SEW Eurodrive Intl. BV Others (Netherland)

·         SEW Eurodrive Tianjin Company Limited (China)

·         SEW Eurodrive Inc.(USA)

·         SEW Motors (Suzho) China  

 

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

AS ON 30.08.2013

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

16000000

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- Each

Rs.160.000 Million

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

15857580

Equity Shares

Rs.10/- Each

Rs.158.576 Million

 

 

FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in Rupees Millions]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

 

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

31.03.2011

I.        EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

 

 

 

(1)Shareholders' Funds

 

 

 

(a) Share Capital

158.576

158.576

99.281

(b) Reserves & Surplus

844.834

767.109

511.385

(c) Money received against share warrants

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

(2) Share Application money pending allotment

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Shareholders’ Funds (1) + (2)

1003.410

925.685

610.666

 

 

 

 

(3) Non-Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) long-term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Deferred tax liabilities (Net)

13.163

2.127

13.828

(c) Other long term liabilities

0.305

0.230

0.735

(d) long-term provisions

5.192

3.935

1.428

Total Non-current Liabilities (3)

18.660

6.292

15.991

 

 

 

 

(4) Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) Short term borrowings

0.000

92.527

261.720

(b) Trade payables

615.538

695.343

699.620

(c) Other current liabilities

70.832

69.534

43.036

(d) Short-term provisions

19.151

5.689

96.268

Total Current Liabilities (4)

705.521

863.093

1100.644

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1727.591

1795.070

1727.301

 

 

 

 

II.    ASSETS

 

 

 

(1) Non-current assets

 

 

 

(a) Fixed Assets

 

 

 

(i) Tangible assets

615.125

463.159

459.328

(ii) Intangible Assets

1.186

1.838

7.416

(iii) Capital work-in-progress

7.833

179.551

0.000

(iv) Intangible assets under development

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Non-current Investments

0.000

0.000

0.000

(c) Deferred tax assets (net)

0.000

0.000

0.000

(d)  Long-term Loan and Advances

36.079

20.053

85.641

(e) Other Non-current assets

2.305

7.657

0.000

Total Non-Current Assets

662.528

672.258

552.385

 

 

 

 

(2) Current assets

 

 

 

(a) Current investments

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Inventories

452.314

527.067

608.708

(c) Trade receivables

339.187

424.321

406.948

(d) Cash and cash equivalents

197.745

77.566

66.516

(e) Short-term loans and advances

73.473

93.348

92.744

(f) Other current assets

2.344

0.510

0.000

Total Current Assets

1065.063

1122.812

1174.916

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

1727.591

17925.070

1727.301

 

 

PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

31.03.2011

 

SALES

 

 

 

Income

 

 

 

 

 

Other Income

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL                                    

1760.000

1873.390

1609.110

 

 

 

 

 

Less

EXPENSES

1553.490

1633.160

1316.430

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT BEFORE INTEREST, TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION (A-B)     

206.510

240.230

292.680

 

 

 

 

 

Less

FINANCIAL EXPENSES                        

7.030

13.360

33.540

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION                                              

199.480

226.870

259.140

 

 

 

 

 

Less/ Add

DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION                    

61.790

66.460

66.010

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT BEFORE TAX  

137.690

160.410

193.130

 

 

 

 

 

Less

TAX                                                                 

59.950

45.380

69.980

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT AFTER TAX                            

77.740

115.030

123.150

 

 

 

 

 

 

PREVIOUS YEARS’ BALANCE BROUGHT FORWARD

626.400

511.380

388.250

 

 

 

 

 

 

BALANCE CARRIED TO THE B/S

704.140

626.400

511.380

 

 


KEY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.03.2013

31.03.2012

31.03.2011

PAT / Total Income

(%)

4.42

6.14

7.65

 

 

 

 

 

Net Profit Margin

(PBT/Sales)

(%)

7.82

8.56

12.00

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

(PBT/Total Assets}

(%)

8.01

9.93

11.18

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

(PBT/Networth)

 

0.14

0.17

0.32

 

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Liability/Networth)

 

0.00

0.10

0.43

 

 

 

 

 

Current Ratio

(Current Asset/Current Liability)

 

1.51

1.30

1.07

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

Sr. No.

Check List by Info Agents

Available in Report (Yes / No)

1]

Year of Establishment

Yes

2]

Locality of the firm

Yes

3]

Constitutions of the firm

Yes

4]

Premises details

No

5]

Type of Business

Yes

6]

Line of Business

Yes

7]

Promoter's background

Yes

8]

No. of employees

Yes

9]

Name of person contacted

No

10]

Designation of contact person

No

11]

Turnover of firm for last three years

Yes

12]

Profitability for last three years

Yes

13]

Reasons for variation <> 20%

-----

14]

Estimation for coming financial year

No

15]

Capital in the business

Yes

16]

Details of sister concerns

Yes

17]

Major suppliers

No

18]

Major customers

No

19]

Payments terms

No

20]

Export / Import details (if applicable)

No

21]

Market information

------

22]

Litigations that the firm / promoter involved in

------

23]

Banking Details

Yes

24]

Banking facility details

No

25]

Conduct of the banking account

-----

26]

Buyer visit details

------

27]

Financials, if provided

Yes

28]

Incorporation details, if applicable

Yes

29]

Last accounts filed at ROC

Yes

30]

Major Shareholders, if available

Yes

31]

Date of Birth of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

Yes

32]

PAN of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

33]

Voter ID No of Proprietor/Partner/Director, if available

No

34]

External Agency Rating, if available

No

 

 

Short Term Borrowing

31.03.2013

(Rs. in Millions)

31.03.2012

(Rs. in Millions)

Unsecured Borrowings

 

 

      Loan repayable on demand from bank

0.000

92.527

Total

0.000

92.527

 

 

Operations:

 

Financial year 2012/13 was a difficult year with GDP growth at 5% at a 10 year low and Industrial growth at 1% at a 20 year low. This resulted in capital goods contracting by 6.3% in the financial year which obviously caused very strong headwinds in the segment the company operates in.

 

During the year the company registered a sales decline of 6% as compared to the financial year 2011/12. EBITDA margins declined by 14% because of higher operating costs absorbed by lower than expected sales, but gross margin remained healthy with almost no deterioration over the previous year.

 

The prognosis for the coming financial year 2013-14 continues to be poor, and while the drop in industrial growth seems to have bottomed out there are no current signs of where a recovery will come from in the medium term. The competitive landscape has heated up considerably as market players with already sunk capacity investments chase volumes and local currency depreciation has added further pressure on margins.

 

However, they continue to view these events as cyclical and are convinced of the long term structural drivers of the Indian economy; namely the demographic profile, headroom to grow because of the low per capita income, huge infrastructure gap which has to be addressed and the long term benefits of a mature democracy to ensure stable and responsive governance.

 

The company continues to build its organization, accepting the current impact on profits to ensure that it is well positioned to benefit from the next recovery and is currently putting up its 3rd assembly plant in Pune on the land leased from MIDC last year.

 

On standalone basis, the company registered a net turnover of Rs. 1760.000 Million as against Rs. 1873.390 Million during the previous year, a growth of -6%. The company registered EBIDTA of Rs. 206.510 Million as compared to Rs. 240.230 Million during the relevant previous year. The net profit for the year was Rs. 77.740 Million as against 115.010 Million in the relevant previous fiscal. The company has become debt free during the previous year 2012-13.

 

 

VIEW INDEX OF CHARGE:

 

S.No.

Charge ID

Date of Charge Creation/Modification

Charge amount secured

Charge Holder

Address

Service Request Number (SRN)

1

10082058

17/12/2007

31,000,000.00

CORPORATION BANK

ALKAPURI BRANCH, NATIONAL PLAZA, R. C. DUTT ROAD,,
ALKAPURI, VADODARA, Gujarat - 390007, INDIA

A29772415

 

 

FIXED ASSETS:

 

·         Land

·         Building

·         Plant & Equipment

·         Furniture & Fixtures

·         Vehicles

·         Office Equipment

·         Computer Equipment

 

 


CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                  None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                          None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 


 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

Unit

Indian Rupees

US Dollar

1

Rs.61.35

UK Pound

1

Rs.100.21

Euro

1

Rs.83.52

 

 

INFORMATION DETAILS

 

Report Prepared by :

AARTI


 

SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

SCORE FACTORS

 

RANGE

POINTS

HISTORY

1~10

6

PAID-UP CAPITAL

1~10

5

OPERATING SCALE

1~10

5

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

 

--BUSINESS SCALE

1~10

5

--PROFITABILIRY

1~10

4

--LIQUIDITY

1~10

5

--LEVERAGE

1~10

5

--RESERVES

1~10

6

--CREDIT LINES

1~10

5

--MARGINS

-5~5

 

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

NO

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

YES

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

YES

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

DEFAULTERS

 

 

--RBI

YES/NO

NO

--EPF

YES/NO

NO

TOTAL

 

46

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through %) are as follows:

 

Financial condition (40%)            Ownership background (20%)                 Payment record (10%)

Credit history (10%)                    Market trend (10%)                                Operational size (10%)

 


 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

 

RATING

STATUS

 

 

PROPOSED CREDIT LINE

>86

Aaa

Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums

 

Unlimited

71-85

Aa

Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Large

56-70

A

Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of interest and principal sums

 

Fairly Large

41-55

Ba

Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal commitments.

 

Satisfactory

26-40

B

Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively below average.

 

Small

11-25

Ca

Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums in default or expected to be in default upon maturity

 

Limited with full security

<10

C

Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised

 

 

Credit not recommended

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.