|
Report Date : |
05.09.2014 |
IDENTIFICATION DETAILS
|
Name : |
KUKDO CHEMICAL
CO., LTD. |
|
|
|
|
Registered Office : |
61, Gasan digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, |
|
|
|
|
Country : |
|
|
|
|
|
Financials (as on) : |
30.06.2014 |
|
|
|
|
Date of Incorporation : |
22.02.1972 |
|
|
|
|
Com. Reg. No.: |
119-81-04497 |
|
|
|
|
Legal Form : |
Listed Company |
|
|
|
|
Line of Business : |
Manufacture of Synthetic Resin and Other Plastic Materials |
|
|
|
|
No. of Employees : |
369 |
RATING & COMMENTS
|
MIRA’s Rating : |
Ba |
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
Status : |
Satisfactory |
|
Payment Behaviour : |
Regular |
|
Litigation : |
Clear |
NOTES :
Any query related to this report can be made
on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com
while quoting report number, name and date.
ECGC Country Risk Classification List – June 01, 2014
|
Country Name |
Previous Rating (31.03.2014) |
Current Rating (01.06.2014) |
|
Korea (South) |
A1 |
A1 |
|
Risk Category |
ECGC
Classification |
|
Insignificant |
A1 |
|
Low Risk |
A2 |
|
Moderate Low Risk |
B1 |
|
Moderate Risk |
B2 |
|
Moderate High Risk |
C1 |
|
High Risk |
C2 |
|
Very High Risk |
D |
KOREA (SOUTH) - ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
South Korea over the past
four decades has demonstrated incredible growth and global integration to
become a high-tech industrialized economy. In the 1960s, GDP per capita was
comparable with levels in the poorer countries of Africa and Asia. In 2004,
South Korea joined the trillion-dollar club of world economies, and is
currently the world's 12th largest economy. Initially, a system of close
government and business ties, including directed credit and import
restrictions, made this success possible. The government promoted the import of
raw materials and technology at the expense of consumer goods, and encouraged
savings and investment over consumption. The Asian financial crisis of 1997-98
exposed longstanding weaknesses in South Korea's development model including
high debt/equity ratios and massive short-term foreign borrowing. GDP plunged
by 6.9% in 1998, and then recovered by 9% in 1999-2000. South Korea adopted
numerous economic reforms following the crisis, including greater openness to
foreign investment and imports. Growth moderated to about 4% annually between
2003 and 2007. South Korea's export focused economy was hit hard by the 2008
global economic downturn, but quickly rebounded in subsequent years, reaching
6.3% growth in 2010. The US-Korea Free Trade Agreement was ratified by both
governments in 2011 and went into effect in March 2012. Throughout 2012 and
2013 the economy experienced sluggish growth because of market slowdowns in the
United States, China, and the Eurozone. The administration in 2014 is likely to
face the challenge of balancing heavy reliance on exports with developing
domestic-oriented sectors, such as services. The South Korean economy's long
term challenges include a rapidly aging population, inflexible labor market,
dominance of large conglomerates (chaebols), and heavy reliance on exports,
which comprise about half of GDP
|
Source
: CIA |
|
Company Name |
KUKDO CHEMICAL
CO., LTD. (Korean Company
Name : “국도화학(주)”) |
|
Registered Address |
61, Gasan digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu,
Seoul, Korea |
|
Zip Code |
153-802 |
|
Tel |
+82-2-3282-1400 |
|
Fax |
+82-2-869-0101 |
|
E-mail |
purchase@kukdo.com;import@kukdo.com;customs@kukdo.com; general@kukdo.com |
|
Website |
www.kukdo.com |
|
Trading Address |
61, Gasan digital 2-ro, Geumcheon-gu,
Seoul, Korea (Old Address System : 345-35, Gasan-dong,
Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea) |
|
Tel |
+82-2-3282-1400 |
|
Fax |
+82-2-869-0101 |
|
Other Address-Iksan Factory |
643, Seogam-dong, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do,
Korea |
|
Tel |
+82-63-835-0101 |
|
Fax |
+82-63-835-6959 |
|
Other Address-Busan Office |
1518-2, Songjeong-dong, Gangseo-gu, Busan, Korea |
|
Tel |
+82-51-832-2267~9 |
|
Fax |
+82-51-832-2264 |
|
Type |
Export/Import |
|
Industry |
Manufacture of Synthetic Resin and Other Plastic Materials |
|
Main Business |
Epoxy Resins, Hardener, Polymide Resin, Polyurethan, Polyurea Resin,
Polyol, Adhesives, High-Quality Bleach, Disinfectant, Germicidal Agent |
|
Established (mm/dd/yyyy) |
02/22/1972 |
The Subject owns
the premises of registered HQ address (8,264.47㎡), Iksan Factory
(55,981.20㎡) and Busan Office (8,196.60㎡).
Detailed Products
|
Activity |
Detailed Products (UNSPSC) |
|
Sell |
Epoxy(13111001) |
|
Sell |
Curing agents(12162300) |
|
Sell |
Resins(13111000) |
|
Sell |
Chemistry reagents or solutions(41116105) |
|
Sell |
Foams(13111300) |
|
Sell |
Polyurethane resins(13111061) |
|
Sell |
Polyamide(13111031) |
|
Buy |
Epichlorohydrin ECO(13101714) |
|
Buy |
Phenols or its substitutes or derivatives(12191503) |
CEO’s
|
Name |
Lee Sam-Yeol |
|
Date of Birth |
10/21/1930 |
|
Title |
Chairman & CEO |
|
Sex |
Male |
|
Nationality |
Korean |
Profiles
|
Capital (KRW) |
29,053,080,000 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Employees |
369 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Formation |
Listed Company (Korea Stock Exchange : 007690) as of 08/05/1989 A Company of KUKDO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. Foreign Direct Investment Corporation |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bank Details |
Kookmin Bank-Youngdeungpo Branch Korea Exchange Bank Shinhan Bank Woori Bank SC First Bank of Korea Hana Bank |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Corporate Registered No. |
110111-0126642 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Business Registered No. |
119-81-04497 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Permit & Licenses |
12/06/1994 ISO 9002 by BVQI 12/19/1995 ISO 14001 by BVQI 10/01/1996 ISO 14001 –Iksan Factory 11/21/1996 ISO 14001-Seoul Factory 11/25/1998 ISO 14001 by BVQI 01/2000 KS 03/2003 ISO 9001 by BVQI Int’l Trade No.: 952330 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Shareholder Position |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Company History |
07/2007 Completion of Epoxy resin factory
in Seoul Total Capacity : 165,000mt/year 09/2006 Completion of SCM-Plant in Iksan 01/2006 The announcement of Kukdo's Vision
EGK 2010 (generate aroundUS$500million in annual sales in 2010) 12/2006 The achievement of annual sales
over US$300million 11/2005 Awarded export performance
US$100,000,000 Prize (The 42th Annual Tradeday) 07/2004 Removal of Busan Office and
Establishment of Polyol producing Plant 12/2004 Completion of the 2nd Epoxy Resin
and Polyol producing factory in China 11/2003 Completion of the 1st Epoxy resin
and Polyol producing factory in China 03/2003 Acquired ISO-9001 : 2000 (Quality
Management System) from BVQI 04/2002 Establishment of Konsan Ltd. in
China 04/2001 Acquired the official
"KS" mark (Korean Industrial Standard) on Polyurethane
waterproofing material 06/1999 Sepcial Construction License
(Surface treatment & Waterproofing work) 04/1999 Change company name to 솓 present
name 04/1999 new business launch for Polyester
Resin, Polyurethane, Polyurea 01/1998 Operation of KD-NIS (Integration
Computer System) 12/1998 Awarded '98 Excellent
Labor-Management Consultation Company (The Ministry of Labor) 03/1997 Awarded Prime Minister Reward (31st
Taxation Day) 03/1996 Establishment of Kukdo Fine
Chemical Co., Ltd. 11/1995 Awarded Silver Tower Prize (32nd
Trade Anniversary) 12/1995 Acquired ISO 14001, BS-7750
(Environmental Management System) from BVQI 05/1994 Completion of the 2nd Factory for
Epoxy Resin & Hardener in Iksan 03/1994 Acquired ISO 9002 (Quality Management
System) from BVQI 01/1994 Participating in the Great man Made
River project in Libya 12/1994 Iksan plant Acquired ISO 9002 :
1994 (Quality Management System) from BVQI 08/1989 Stock is enlisted on the Korea
Stock Exchange 11/1985 Awarded Export Performance
US$10,000,000 Prize (The President Prize) 10/1983 Establishment of R&D
(Technical) Center 11/1980 Sodium Chlorite and Sodium
Hypochlorite Plant in Seoul 01/1973 Completion of Epoxy Resin Factory
in Seoul 02/1972 Incorporated as KUKDO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY.
CO., LTD. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
Management
|
Job Description |
Title |
Name |
Nationality |
Date of Birth |
Education/Career |
|
Chairman & CEO |
Mr. |
Lee Sam-Yeol |
Korean |
1930.10.21 |
Seoul National University |
|
President & CEO |
Mr. |
Lee Si-Chang |
Korean |
1962.09.01 |
Soongsil University, Korea |
|
Outside Director |
Mr. |
Yu Soon-Seok |
Korean |
1936.11.25 |
Seoul National University, Korea |
|
Outside Director |
Mr. |
Choi Byung-Il |
Korean |
1933.08.16 |
Hanyang University, Korea |
|
Outside Director |
Mr. |
Lee Eun-Taik |
Korean |
1943.10.08 |
Daejeon College, Korea |
|
Sr. Executive Director |
Mr. |
Song Won |
Chinese |
1961.03. |
- |
|
Vice Chairman |
Mr. |
Park Jong-Soo |
Korean |
1958.07.14 |
Chunbuk National University, Korea |
|
Director |
Mr. |
Yasuwura Shigetto |
Japanese |
1956.02. |
- |
|
Sr. Executive Director |
Mr. |
Hur Yeon-Jin |
Korean |
1959.05. |
Korea University, Korea |
|
Executive Director |
Mr. |
Kwon Young-Hwan |
Korean |
1958.12.09 |
Hankyung College, Korea |
|
Executive Director |
Mr. |
Lee Sang-Wook |
Korean |
1965.11. |
Kyunghee University, Korea |
|
Auditor |
Mr. |
Na Jeong-Yong |
Korean |
1954.01.19 |
Hanyang University, Korea |
Financials
|
Year / Unit : KRW |
Sales |
Assets |
Net Income |
|
340,967,121,821 |
517,286,929,870 |
9,932,287,974 |
|
|
(*)2013 |
655,660,067,474 |
488,596,159,115 |
28,109,802,811 |
|
(*)2012 |
620,364,704,391 |
464,358,946,607 |
26,371,468,531 |
|
(*)2011 |
647,898,270,824 |
466,990,358,920 |
21,896,616,502 |
|
(*)2010 |
623,873,940,111 |
495,413,868,490 |
25,252,821,112 |
|
2009 |
405,235,601,054 |
340,776,694,754 |
22,655,745,894 |
|
2008 |
433,225,688,605 |
332,638,181,740 |
29,212,509,388 |
|
2007 |
388,343,719,327 |
289,710,056,816 |
13,253,669,144 |
|
2006 |
320,433,331,852 |
251,623,909,432 |
16,913,865,727 |
|
2005 |
275,979,227,317 |
214,610,844,771 |
10,791,997,291 |
|
2004 |
244,264,150,989 |
206,359,420,569 |
9,238,206,832 |
|
2003 |
210,990,648,619 |
183,027,965,032 |
6,257,591,290 |
(*)Figures are based
on the K-IFRS Accounting System.
Financial
Description
|
Authorized Capital(KRW) |
100,000,000,000 |
|
Paid-Up Capital(KRW) |
29,053,080,000 |
|
Total Issued Shares |
5,810,616 |
|
Unit : Korean Won |
01/01/2014~06/30/2014 |
As of 12/31/2013 |
As of 12/31/2012 |
|
Total Assets |
517,286,929,870 |
488,596,159,115 |
464,358,946,607 |
|
Current
Assets |
290,467,790,400 |
253,922,828,101 |
255,889,699,341 |
|
Inventories |
64,385,170,544 |
74,751,803,150 |
61,696,595,980 |
|
Trade Receivables & Other
Receivables |
125,753,705,060 |
109,990,472,792 |
118,462,705,852 |
|
Investment |
92,791,081,764 |
63,004,783,710 |
72,340,908,701 |
|
Other Current Assets |
3,064,810,529 |
1,909,420,976 |
1,383,589,610 |
|
Cash & Cash Equivalents |
4,473,022,503 |
4,266,347,473 |
2,005,899,198 |
|
Non-Current
Assets |
226,819,139,470 |
234,673,331,014 |
208,469,247,266 |
|
Tangibles |
125,672,200,944 |
117,290,963,526 |
110,258,389,210 |
|
Intangibles |
1,075,408,918 |
1,075,408,918 |
2,233,680,392 |
|
Long-Term Trade Receivables &
Other Receivables |
990,000,846 |
937,880,000 |
934,167,000 |
|
Investment_Related Companies |
4,500,000,000 |
4,500,000,000 |
|
|
Investment_Subsidiaries |
94,076,497,810 |
94,076,497,810 |
94,076,497,810 |
|
Investment |
505,030,952 |
16,792,580,760 |
966,512,854 |
|
Total
Liabilities |
173,832,906,121 |
149,217,948,511 |
147,074,392,647 |
|
Current
Liabilities |
122,307,845,541 |
95,869,373,082 |
120,325,292,739 |
|
Short-Term Borrowings |
20,577,394,234 |
10,276,260,993 |
22,702,003,077 |
|
Current Portion of Debentures |
|
|
14,988,315,441 |
|
Current Portion of Long-Term
Debts |
10,765,824,000 |
9,235,824,000 |
12,174,490,664 |
|
Trade Payables & Other
Payables |
86,048,696,914 |
73,167,338,785 |
64,171,236,841 |
|
Deferred Income Tax Credit |
2,919,034,739 |
2,016,906,132 |
4,945,053,986 |
|
Other Current Liabilities |
1,996,895,654 |
1,173,043,172 |
1,344,192,730 |
|
Non-Current
Liabilities |
51,525,060,580 |
53,348,575,429 |
26,749,099,908 |
|
Long-Term Borrowings |
19,705,824,000 |
21,553,736,000 |
11,686,226,662 |
|
Debentures |
14,950,083,672 |
14,936,920,491 |
|
|
Deferred Income Tax Credit |
16,869,152,908 |
16,857,918,938 |
15,062,873,246 |
|
Capital
Stock |
29,053,080,000 |
29,053,080,000 |
29,053,080,000 |
|
Capital Surplus |
46,225,796,228 |
46,225,796,228 |
46,225,796,228 |
|
Others |
20,118,854,059 |
15,782,712,888 |
14,300,712,888 |
|
Profit Surplus |
248,056,293,462 |
248,316,621,488 |
227,704,964,844 |
|
Total Equity |
343,454,023,749 |
339,378,210,604 |
317,284,553,960 |
|
Liab. & Shareholder’s Equity |
517,286,929,870 |
488,596,159,115 |
464,358,946,607 |
|
Unit : Korean Won |
01/01/2014~06/30/2014 |
As of 12/31/2013 |
As of 12/31/2012 |
|
Sales |
340,967,121,821 |
655,660,067,474 |
620,364,704,391 |
|
Cost of Sold Goods |
307,116,185,793 |
582,501,617,256 |
552,332,316,012 |
|
Gross Profit |
33,850,936,028 |
73,158,450,218 |
68,032,388,379 |
|
Selling & Admin. Expenses |
21,336,781,456 |
39,628,518,765 |
34,863,903,628 |
|
Operating Income |
12,514,154,572 |
33,529,931,453 |
33,168,484,751 |
|
Other Income |
812,198,856 |
1,090,791,741 |
1,541,953,943 |
|
Other Expenses |
591,679,071 |
1,249,920,921 |
157,896,218 |
|
Finance Income |
3,933,078,772 |
6,873,404,946 |
5,306,362,558 |
|
Finance Expenses |
2,965,328,722 |
5,106,726,859 |
5,998,162,396 |
|
Income Before Taxes |
13,702,424,407 |
35,137,480,360 |
33,860,742,638 |
|
Income Taxes Expenses |
3,770,136,433 |
7,027,677,549 |
7,489,274,107 |
|
Net Income |
9,932,287,974 |
28,109,802,811 |
26,371,468,531 |
|
Unit : Korean Won |
01/01/2014~06/30/2014 |
As of 12/31/2013 |
As of 12/31/2012 |
|
Operating Activities Cash Flows |
13,212,575,561 |
36,064,751,238 |
60,440,655,287 |
|
Net
Income |
9,932,287,974 |
28,109,802,811 |
26,371,468,531 |
|
Adjustment |
6,530,406,673 |
14,390,080,178 |
37,430,732,188 |
|
Interests
Received |
1,087,524,334 |
2,537,886,847 |
2,810,253,827 |
|
Dividends
Received |
|
1,331,877,503 |
727,266,737 |
|
Income
Taxes |
-2,842,850,611 |
-8,098,518,130 |
-3,289,546,625 |
|
Interests
Paid |
-1,494,792,809 |
-2,206,377,971 |
-3,609,519,371 |
|
Cash Flows from Investing |
-17,293,389,490 |
-22,417,775,065 |
-21,997,892,168 |
|
Cash
Inflow from Investing |
87,335,324,156 |
169,284,278,101 |
191,259,775,696 |
|
Cash
Outflows for Investing |
-104,628,713,646 |
-191,702,053,166 |
-213,257,667,864 |
|
Cash Flows from Financing |
4,290,986,317 |
-11,386,673,240 |
-41,828,429,844 |
|
Cash
Inflows from Financing |
86,278,534,255 |
206,954,849,510 |
277,396,279,811 |
|
Cash
Outflows from Financing |
-81,987,547,938 |
-218,341,522,750 |
-319,224,709,655 |
|
Increase/Decrease in Cash |
206,675,030 |
2,260,448,275 |
-3,385,686,848 |
|
Cash at the Beginning of Year |
4,266,347,473 |
2,005,899,198 |
5,391,586,046 |
|
Cash at the End of Year |
4,473,022,503 |
4,266,347,473 |
2,005,899,198 |
Products,
Technologies, Services Description
|
Main Products & Services |
Epoxy Bisphenol-A Type Epoxy Resin Bisphenol-F Type Epoxy Resin Hydrogenated Bisphenol-A Type Epoxy Resin Brominated Epoxy Resin Non-halogen Flame Retardant Epoxy Resin Novolac Epoxy Resin Flexibile Epoxy Resin UV Curing
Type Epoxy Resin Low
Temperature Curing Type Epoxy Resin Phenoxy Resin Epoxy Resin for P.C.M Epoxy Modified Polyol(Isocyanate Curing
Type) Filament Winding, Laminating Epoxy Resin Molding Epoxy Resin Reactive Diluent Tri-functional Epoxy Resin Tetra-Functional Epoxy Resin Special Type Epoxy Resin Waterborne Epoxy Resin New
Product Hardener Polyamide&Amidoamine Type Polyamide Adduct Type Aliphatic amine Modified Type Cycloaliphatic Amine Modified Type Aromatic Amine Modified Type Waterborne
Curing Agent Amine & Anhydride Hardener Brand Name : YD-128, KDC-250, ECH |
Trade Partners
& Competitors
|
Suppliers |
LG CHEM LTD.(110111-2207995) KUMHO P&B CHEMICALS,
INC.(206211-0018313) DOW CHEMICAL KOREA LTD.(110111-0879019) SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS CO.,
LTD(181211-0000013) HANWHA CHEMICAL CORPORATION(110111-0360935) |
|
Customers |
CHEIL INDUSTRIES INC.(170111-0000076) KCC Corporation(110111-0221814) SAMHWA PAINT INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.(110111-0014433) |
|
Competitors |
KUMHO P&B CHEMICALS, INC.(206211-0018313) 319, HWACHI-DONG, YEOSU-SI, JEOLLANAM-DO,
KOREA TEL:+82-61-688-3500 FAX:+82-61-688-3505 HEXION SPECIALTY CHEMICALS KOREA CO.,
LTD.(230111-0085231) 580-3, HWASAN-RI, ONSAN-EUP, ULJU-GUN,
ULSAN, KOREA TEL:+82-52-231-5046 FAX:+82-52-231-5028 DOW CHEMICAL KOREA LTD.(110111-0879019) 20TH FL., CITY AIR TOWER, 159-9, SAMSEONG
1-DONG, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL, KOREA TEL:+82-2-3490-0700 FAX:+82-2-3490-4305 DOW CHEMICAL NANYA HEXION SPECIALTY CHEMICALS (*) The Subject is ranked as 1st
player as about 60.0% domestic market shares. |
Related Parties
(Subsidiaries, Joint-Venture & Affiliates)
|
Affiliates |
ILDO CHEMICAL CO., LTD.(110111-5065952) |
|
Subsidiary |
HAJIN CHEMTECH CO., LTD.(184611-0029377) (100.0% held by the subject company) KUKDO FINE CHEMICAL CO., LTD.(154311-0001111) (100.0% held by the subject company) KUKDO CHEMICAL KUNSHAN CO., LTD.(CHINA) (90.0% held by the subject company) NO. 1 SHANPUZHONG ROAD, QIAN DONG TOWN,
KUNSHAN CITY, JIANGSUPROVINCE, CHINA TEL:+86-512-5746-0881 FAX:+86-512-5746-0886 |
|
Cooperative Enterprise |
-Manufacturing Cooperation KUKDO FINE CHEMICAL CO.,
LTD.(154311-0001111) is agreed to manufacture for the subject company. |
Sales by Region
(Activity & Markets)
|
Sales/ Unit :Mil KRW |
09/2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
Export |
337,719 |
391,098 |
248,728 |
|
Domestic |
186,120 |
232,776 |
156,508 |
|
Total |
523,839 |
623,874 |
405,236 |
The Subject exports
to North & South America, Japan, China, South-East Asia, Europe and Middle
East. It imports BPA from Japan,
Netherlands, Israel and Taiwan.
Court Action
No.
---
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES
|
Currency |
Unit
|
Indian Rupees |
|
US Dollar |
1 |
Rs.60.45 |
|
|
1 |
Rs.99.45 |
|
Euro |
1 |
Rs.79.46 |
INFORMATION DETAILS
|
Analysis Done by
: |
SUM |
|
|
|
|
Report Prepared
by : |
PDT |
RATING EXPLANATIONS
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
|
>86 |
Aaa |
Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest
capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums |
Unlimited |
|
|
71-85 |
Aa |
Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit
transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest
and principal sums |
Large |
|
|
56-70 |
A |
Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General
unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for
payment of interest and principal sums |
Fairly Large |
|
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
|
26-40 |
B |
Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively
below average. |
Small |
|
|
11-25 |
Ca |
Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums
in default or expected to be in default upon maturity |
Limited with
full security |
|
|
<10 |
C |
Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised |
Credit not
recommended |
|
|
-- |
NB |
New Business |
-- |
|
This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk
and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a
composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this
report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated through
%) are as follows:
Financial
condition (40%) Ownership
background (20%) Payment
record (10%)
Credit history
(10%) Market trend
(10%) Operational
size (10%)
This report is issued at your request without any
risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL)
or its officials.