|
Report No. : |
309157 |
|
Report Date : |
21.02.2015 |
IDENTIFICATION DETAILS
|
Name : |
ENERPAC B.V. |
|
|
|
|
Registered Office : |
Galvanistraat 115 6716AE Ede |
|
|
|
|
Country : |
Netherlands |
|
|
|
|
Financials (as on) : |
31.08.2013 |
|
|
|
|
Date of Incorporation : |
20.02.1961 |
|
|
|
|
Com. Reg. No.: |
KvK-nummer: 30075396 |
|
|
|
|
Legal Form : |
Private Company |
|
|
|
|
Line of Business : |
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Employee : |
103 |
RATING & COMMENTS
|
MIRA’s Rating : |
Ba |
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
Status : |
Satisfactory |
|
|
|
|
Payment Behaviour : |
Slow but correct |
|
|
|
|
Litigation : |
Clear |
NOTES :
Any query related to this report can be made
on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com
while quoting report number, name and date.
ECGC Country Risk Classification List – December 31, 2014
|
Country Name |
Previous Rating (30.09.2014) |
Current Rating (31.12.2014) |
|
Netherlands |
A1 |
A1 |
|
Risk Category |
ECGC
Classification |
|
Insignificant |
A1 |
|
Low |
A2 |
|
Moderate |
B1 |
|
High |
B2 |
|
Very High |
C1 |
|
Restricted |
C2 |
|
Off-credit |
D |
NETHERLANDS ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
Netherlands is the sixth-largest economy in the euro-zone and is noted for its stable industrial relations, moderate unemployment and inflation, sizable trade surplus, and important role as a European transportation hub. Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs only 2% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for the food-processing industry and for exports. Netherlands, along with 11 of its EU partners, began circulating the euro currency on 1 January 2002. The Dutch financial sector suffered as a result of the global financial crisis, due in part to the high exposure of some Dutch banks to US mortgage-backed securities. In 2008, the government nationalized two banks and injected billions of dollars of capital into other financial institutions, to prevent further deterioration of a crucial sector. After 26 years of uninterrupted economic growth, the Dutch economy - highly dependent on an international financial sector and international trade - contracted by 3.5% in 2009. To recover, the government sought to boost the domestic economy by accelerating infrastructure programs, offering corporate tax breaks for employers to retain workers, and expanding export credit facilities. The stimulus programs and bank bailouts, however, resulted in a government budget deficit of 5.3% of GDP in 2010 that contrasted sharply with a surplus of 0.7% in 2008. The government of Prime Minister Mark RUTTE began implementing austerity measures in early 2011, mainly reducting expenditures, which resulted in an improved budget deficit in 2011. However, in 2012 tax revenues dropped, GDP contracted, and the budget deficit deteriorated. In 2013, the government budget deficit decreased to 3.3% of GDP due to increased government revenue from higher taxes. However, spending on social benefits also increased, due to a rise in unemployment benefits and payments for pensions. The high unemployment rate and tax increases have contributed to continued decreases in household disposable income, causing the Dutch economy to contract.
|
Source
: CIA |
The company name ENERPAC ACTUANT CORP (EDC) does not exist. The official name is ENERPAC B.V.
Company
name Enerpac B.V.
Operative
address Galvanistraat 115
6716AE Ede
Netherlands
Legal
form Private Company
Registration
number KvK-nummer: 30075396
VAT-number
001738872
|
Year |
2013 |
Mutation |
2012 |
Mutation |
2011 |
|
Fixed assets |
50.008.624 |
9,85 |
45.525.099 |
0,09 |
45.486.164 |
|
Total receivables |
4.256.881 |
-10,98 |
4.782.182 |
29,50 |
3.692.766 |
|
Total equity |
48.839.334 |
12,07 |
43.578.858 |
4,14 |
41.845.402 |
|
Short term liabilities |
2.231.011 |
-56,72 |
5.155.051 |
31,28 |
3.926.746 |
|
Net result |
5.458.906 |
210,44 |
1.758.456 |
-75,13 |
7.069.755 |
|
Working capital |
2.057.642 |
665,89 |
-363.609 |
-263,22 |
222.778 |
|
Quick ratio |
1,92 |
106,45 |
0,93 |
-11,43 |
1,05 |

Company
name Enerpac B.V.
Trade
names Enerpac B.V.
Operative
address Galvanistraat 115
6716AE Ede
Netherlands
Correspondence
address Postbus 8097
6710AB Ede Gld
Netherlands
Telephone
number 0318535911
Fax
number 0318525613
Email
address info@enerpac.com
Website
www.enerpac.com
Registration
number KvK-nummer: 30075396
Registered
in Kamer van Koophandel
Centraal Gelderland
Branch
number 000006998283
VAT-number
001738872
Status
Active
Memorandum
1961-02-20
Establishment
date 1961-02-20
Legal
form Private Company
Legal
person since 1973-01-18
Last
proposed admendment 2004-11-17
Issued
placed capital EUR 54.910
Paid
up share capital EUR 54.910
SBI
Manufacture of fluid power
equipment (2812)
Wholesale of internal
combustion engines (46693)
Exporter
No
Importer
No
Branche
organisations FEDA - Federatie Aandrijven
en Automatiseren
Goal De ontwikkeling van en
handel in hydraulische, pneumatische, mechanische, elektrische en elektronische
apparatuur en systemen, alsmede het deelnemen in, het voeren van bestuur over,
het verlenen van diensten aan en het financieren van andere ondernemingen en
vennootschappen, het stellen van zekerheid voor schulden van anderen en al
hetgeen met het voorgaande verband houdt of daartoe bevorderlijk kan zijn
Shareholders
ATU Global
Holdings III B.V.
Galvanistraat 115
6716AE EDE GLD
Netherlands
Registration number: 534631290000
Percentage: 100%
Companies on
same address
ATU Global Holdings B.V.
Registration number: 530596540000
ATU Euro Finance B.V.
Registration number: 531369180000
ATU Global Holdings II B.V.
Registration number: 531368290000
ATU Global Holdings III B.V.
Registration number: 534631290000
Active
management J.A.F.C. Naalden (Jeroen Antonius Franciscus Cor)
Netherlands
Competence: Fully authorized
Function: Manager
Starting date: 2007-05-01
Date of birth: 1970-10-05, Etten-Leur, NL
Involved with the following companies
• Enerpac Integrated Solutions B.V.
Opaalstraat 44
7554TS Hengelo Ov
Netherlands
Registration number: 060507690000
Function: Managing Director
• Enerpac Integrated Solutions B.V.
Opaalstraat 44
7554TS Hengelo Ov
Netherlands
Registration number: 060507690000
Function: Proxy
W.R.D. Bakkum (Willem Robert Daniël)
Netherlands
Competence: Fully authorized
Function: Manager
Starting date: 2005-09-01
Date of birth: 1967-05-19, Sassenheim, NL
Involved with the following companies
• Enerpac Integrated Solutions B.V.
Opaalstraat 44
7554TS Hengelo Ov
Netherlands
Registration number: 060507690000
Function: Managing Director
T.M. van Baal (Teunis Mark)
Netherlands
Competence: Limited authorization
Function: Manager
Starting date: 2012-02-08
Date of birth: 1967-06-01, Tiel, NL
Active management
T.M. Braatz (Terence Martin)
Netherlands
Competence: Fully authorized
Function: Manager
Starting date: 2013-10-28
Date of birth: NL
N. Hoogland (Nicolaas)
Netherlands
Competence: Limited authorization
Function: Proxy
Starting date: 1994-02-16
Date of birth: 1953-10-07, Rotterdam, NL
E.B. van Dijk (Emile Bernard)
Netherlands
Competence: Limited authorization
Function: Proxy
Starting date: 2006-07-01
Date of birth: 1976-07-25, Leeuwarden, NL
A.W. van de Vendel (Aren Wouter)
Netherlands
Competence: Limited authorization
Function: Proxy
Starting date: 2008-06-01
Date of birth: 1978-05-03, Scherpenzeel, NL
G. Zomer (Gijsbertus)
Netherlands
Competence: Limited authorization
Function: Proxy
Starting date: 2013-10-01
Date of birth: 1981-11-06, Middelburg, NL
|
Year |
2014 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
Total |
103 |
92 |
91 |
97 |
93 |

Description Overeenkomstig conditie
|
Year |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
Quick ratio |
1,92 |
0,93 |
1,05 |
10,64 |
0,72 |
|
Current ratio |
1,92 |
0,93 |
1,06 |
10,65 |
0,72 |
|
Working capital/ balance total |
0,04 |
-0,01 |
0,00 |
0,38 |
-0,20 |
|
Equity / balance total |
0,90 |
0,87 |
0,84 |
0,00 |
0,08 |
|
Equity / Fixed assets |
0,98 |
0,96 |
0,92 |
0,00 |
0,16 |
|
Equity / liabilities |
8,95 |
6,47 |
5,37 |
0,00 |
0,08 |
|
Balance total / liabilities |
9,95 |
7,47 |
6,37 |
1,00 |
1,08 |
|
Working capital |
2.057.642 |
-363.609 |
222.778 |
40.551.386 |
-11.258.719 |
|
Equity |
48.839.334 |
43.578.858 |
41.845.402 |
-224.353 |
4.204.047 |
|
Mutation equity |
12,07 |
4,14 |
18.751,59 |
-105,34 |
-69,03 |
|
Mutation short term liabilities |
-56,72 |
31,28 |
-6,54 |
-89,63 |
925,59 |
|
Return on total assets (ROA) |
4,30 |
4,58 |
14,96 |
-4,17 |
-20,87 |
|
Return on equity (ROE) |
4,78 |
5,29 |
17,75 |
1.978,22 |
-274,57 |
|
Gross profit margin |
|
|
11,22 |
-34,27 |
-91,01 |
|
Net profit margin |
|
|
59,03 |
-51,01 |
-103,68 |
|
Average collection ratio |
|
|
3,05 |
2,07 |
0,28 |
|
Average payment ratio |
|
|
3,24 |
0,20 |
0,39 |
|
Equity turnover ratio |
|
|
0,29 |
-38,70 |
2,69 |
|
Total assets turnover ratio |
|
|
0,24 |
0,08 |
0,20 |
|
Fixed assets turnover ratio |
|
|
0,26 |
0,14 |
0,43 |
|
Inventory conversion ratio |
|
|
663,61 |
248,84 |
66,83 |
|
Turnover |
|
|
11.976.098 |
8.681.433 |
11.329.597 |
|
Gross margin |
3.673.559 |
5.282.816 |
|
2.742.520 |
2.572.463 |
|
Operating result |
2.009.711 |
3.032.617 |
1.343.345 |
-2.974.934 |
-10.310.978 |
|
Net result after taxes |
5.458.906 |
1.758.456 |
7.069.755 |
-4.428.400 |
-11.746.205 |
|
Cashflow |
25.028 |
|
|
438.076 |
-10.631.457 |
|
EBIT |
2.009.711 |
3.032.617 |
1.343.345 |
-2.974.934 |
-10.310.978 |
|
EBITDA |
|
|
|
1.891.542 |
-9.196.230 |
Summary The 2013 financial result structure is a postive
working captial of 2.057.642 euro, which is in agreement with 4 % of the total
assets of the company.
The working capital has increased with 665.89
% compared to previous year. The ratio, with respect to the total assets of the
company has however, increased.
The improvement between 2012 and 2013 has
mainly been caused by an increase of the
current assets.
The current ratio of the company in 2013 was
1.92. A company with a current ratio between 1.5 and 3.0 generally indicates
good short-term financial strength.
The quick ratio in 2013 of the company was
1.92. A company with a Quick Ratio of more than 1 can currently pay back its
current liabilities.
The 2012 financial result structure is a
negative working captial of -363.609 euro, which is in agreement with -1 % of
the total assets of the company.
The working capital has diminished with
-263.22 % compared to previous year. The ratio,
with respect to the total assets of the
company has however, increased.
The deterioration between 2011 and 2012 has
mainly been caused by an increase of the
current liabilities.
The current ratio of the company in 2012 was
0.93. When the current ratio is below 1.5, the company may have problems
meeting its short-term obligations.
The quick ratio in 2012 of the company was
0.93. A company with a Quick Ratio of less than 1 cannot currently pay back its
current liabilities.


Last
annual account 2013
Remark
annual account The company is obliged to
file its financial statements.
Type
of annual account Corporate
Annual
account Enerpac
B.V.
Galvanistraat 115
6716AE Ede
Netherlands
Registration number: 300753960000
BALANCE
|
Year |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
End date |
2013-08-31 |
2012-08-31 |
2011-08-31 |
2010-08-31 |
2009-08-31 |
|
Intangible fixed assets |
63.907 |
936.910 |
1.803.491 |
2.718.128 |
3.537.775 |
|
Tangible fixed assets |
191.019 |
201.829 |
102.803 |
299.758 |
499.237 |
|
Financial fixed assets |
49.753.698 |
44.386.360 |
43.579.870 |
58.754.564 |
22.014.468 |
|
Fixed assets |
50.008.624 |
45.525.099 |
45.486.164 |
61.772.450 |
26.051.480 |
|
Total stock |
|
2.516 |
18.047 |
34.888 |
169.525 |
|
Year |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
End date |
2013-08-31 |
2012-08-31 |
2011-08-31 |
2010-08-31 |
2009-08-31 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
1.941.144 |
1.472.062 |
1.421.588 |
|
Other receivables |
|
|
1.751.622 |
41.294.523 |
27.654.946 |
|
Total receivables |
4.256.881 |
4.782.182 |
3.692.766 |
42.766.585 |
29.076.534 |
|
Liquid funds |
31.772 |
6.744 |
438.711 |
1.951.544 |
|
|
Current assets |
4.288.653 |
4.791.442 |
4.149.524 |
44.753.017 |
29.246.059 |
|
Total assets |
54.297.277 |
50.316.541 |
49.635.688 |
106.525.467 |
55.297.539 |
|
Issued capital |
54.910 |
54.910 |
54.910 |
54.910 |
54.910 |
|
Legal and statutory reserve |
|
|
|
-279.263 |
4.149.137 |
|
Other reserves |
48.784.424 |
43.523.948 |
41.790.492 |
|
|
|
Total reserves |
48.784.424 |
43.523.948 |
41.790.492 |
-279.263 |
4.149.137 |
|
Total equity |
48.839.334 |
43.578.858 |
41.845.402 |
-224.353 |
4.204.047 |
|
Provisions |
39.972 |
24.724 |
23.382 |
21.295 |
122.886 |
|
Long term interest yielding debt |
|
1.557.908 |
3.840.158 |
102.526.894 |
10.465.828 |
|
Long term liabilities |
3.096.960 |
1.557.908 |
3.840.158 |
102.526.894 |
10.465.828 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
|
577.359 |
522.234 |
627.699 |
|
Other short term liabilities |
|
|
3.349.387 |
3.679.397 |
39.877.079 |
|
Short term liabilities |
2.231.011 |
5.155.051 |
3.926.746 |
4.201.631 |
40.504.778 |
|
Other liabilities |
90.000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total short and long term liabilities |
5.457.943 |
6.737.683 |
7.790.286 |
106.749.820 |
51.093.492 |
|
Total liabilities |
54.297.277 |
50.316.541 |
49.635.688 |
106.525.467 |
55.297.539 |
Summary The total assets of the
company increased with 7.91 % between 2012 and 2013.
The
total asset increase is retrievable in the fixed asset growth of 9.85 %.
The
assets growth has been financed by a Net Worth increase of 12.07 %. The
company's net increase has also covered a reduction of -18.99 % of the
company's indebtedness. In 2013 the assets of the company were 92.1 % composed
of fixed assets and 7.9 % by current assets. The assets are being financed by
an equity of 89.95 %, and total debt of 10.05 %.
The
total assets of the company increased with 1.37 % between 2011 and 2012.
The
total assets are entirely composed of current assets.
The
assets growth has been financed by a Net Worth increase of 4.14 %. The
company's net increase has also covered a reduction of -13.51 % of the
company's indebtedness.
In
2012 the assets of the company were 90.48 % composed of fixed assets and 9.52 %
by current assets. The assets are being financed by an equity of 86.61 %, and
total debt of 13.39 %.


Balance
PROFIT AND LOSS
|
Year |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|
Revenues |
|
|
11.976.098 |
8.681.433 |
11.329.597 |
|
Net turnover |
|
|
11.976.098 |
8.681.433 |
11.329.597 |
|
Gross margin |
3.673.559 |
5.282.816 |
|
2.742.520 |
2.572.463 |
|
Wages and salaries |
|
|
|
|
6.171.438 |
|
Amorization and depreciation |
|
|
|
4.866.476 |
1.114.748 |
|
Sales |
|
2.250.199 |
|
5.938.913 |
8.757.134 |
|
other operating costs |
|
|
|
850.978 |
5.597.255 |
|
Operating expenses |
1.663.848 |
2.250.199 |
10.632.753 |
11.656.367 |
21.640.575 |
|
Result in subsidiaries |
|
|
6.117.095 |
|
|
|
Operating result |
2.009.711 |
3.032.617 |
1.343.345 |
-2.974.934 |
-10.310.978 |
|
Financial income |
323.971 |
|
2.049.378 |
|
2.589.118 |
|
Financial expenses |
|
727.252 |
2.084.254 |
|
3.821.099 |
|
Financial result |
323.971 |
-727.252 |
-34.876 |
-1.463.262 |
-1.231.981 |
|
Result on ordinary operations before taxes |
2.333.682 |
2.305.365 |
7.425.564 |
-4.438.196 |
-11.542.959 |
|
Taxation on the result of ordinary activities |
-3.125.224 |
546.909 |
355.809 |
-9.796 |
203.246 |
|
Result of ordinary activities after taxes |
5.458.906 |
1.758.456 |
7.069.755 |
-4.428.400 |
-11.746.205 |
|
Net result |
5.458.906 |
1.758.456 |
7.069.755 |
-4.428.400 |
-11.746.205 |
|
Attributable to shareholders |
5.458.906 |
|
|
|
|
Summary The gross profit of the company decreased by
-30.46 % between 2012 and 2013.
The
operating result of the company declined with -33.73 % between 2012 and 2013.
This evolution implies an decrease of the company's economic profitability.
The
result of these changes is a reduction of the company's Economic Profitability of
-6.11 % of the analysed period, being equal to 2012 % in the year 2013.
The
Net Result of the company decreased by 210.44 % between 2012 and 2013.
The
company's Financial Profitability has been negatively affected by the financial
activities in comparison to the EBITs behaviour. The result of these variations
is a profitability reduction of -9.64 % of the analysed period, being 4.78 % in
the year 2013.
The
company's financial profitability has been positively affected by its financial
structure.
The
operating result of the company grew with 125.75 % between 2011 and 2012. This
evolution
implies an increase of the company's economic profitability.
The
result of these changes is a reduction of the company's Economic Profitability
of -69.39 % of the analysed period, being equal to 2011 % in the year 2012.
The
Net Result of the company increased by -75.13 % between 2011 and 2012.
The
company's Financial Profitability has been positively affected by the financial
activities in comparison to the EBITs behaviour. The result of these variations
is a profitability increase of -70.2 % of the analysed period, being 5.29 % in
the year 2012.
The company's financial profitability has
been positively affected by its financial structure.


Branch
(SBI) Manufacture of machinery
and equipment n.e.c. (28)
Region
Veluwe
In the Netherlands 4630 of the companies are
registered with the SBI code 28
In the region Veluwe 238 of the companies are
registered with the SBI code 28
In the Netherlands 136 of the bankrupcties
are published within this sector
In the region Veluwe 8 of the bankruptcies
are published within this sector
The risk of this specific sector in the
Netherlands is normal
The risk of this specific sector in the region Veluwe is normal
Filings
24-01-2014: De jaarrekening
over 2013 (gebroken boekjaar) is gepubliceerd.
18-02-2013: De jaarrekening over 2012
(gebroken boekjaar) is gepubliceerd.
04-01-2012: De jaarrekening over 2011
(gebroken boekjaar) is gepubliceerd.
19-01-2011: De jaarrekening over 2010
(gebroken boekjaar) is gepubliceerd.
04-05-2010: De jaarrekening over 2009
(gebroken boekjaar) is gepubliceerd.
Functions
14-11-2014: Per 01-09-2014 is bestuurder
Theodorus Henricus Hermanus den Ridder uit
functie getreden.
07-11-2013: Per 28-10-2013 is bestuurder
Terence Martin Braatz in functie getreden.
21-10-2013: Per 01-10-2013 is bestuurder Gustav
Hubrecht Petrus Boel uit functie getreden.
21-10-2013: Per 01-10-2013 is gevolmachtigde Gijsbertus Zomer in functie
getreden.
09-02-2012: Per 08-02-2012 is gevolmachtigde
Teunis Mark van Baal in functie getreden.
26-01-2012: Per 24-01-2012 is gevolmachtigde
Diederik Gilbert van de Scheur uit functie
getreden.
06-12-2011: Per 01-04-2010 is gevolmachtigde
Johannes Árpád Hendrikus Reijerink uit
functie getreden.
06-12-2011: Per 31-10-2010 is gevolmachtigde
Maurice Petrus Maria Lansu uit functie
getreden.
07-03-2011: Per 01-06-2008 is gevolmachtigde
Aren Wouter van de Vendel in functie
getreden.
07-03-2011: Per 21-02-2011 is gevolmachtigde
Aren Wouter van de Vendel uit functie
getreden.
Relations 9
ATU
Hungary Holding Korlátolt Felelosségú Társaság
Hungary
•
ATU Global Holdings B.V.
Galvanistraat
115
6716AE
EDE GLD
Netherlands
Registration
number: 530596540000
•
ATU Global Holdings III B.V.
Galvanistraat
115
6716AE
EDE GLD
Netherlands
Registration
number: 534631290000
•
Enerpac B.V.
Galvanistraat
115
6716AE
Ede
Netherlands
Registration
number: 300753960000
•
Enerpac Integrated Solutions B.V.
Opaalstraat
44
7554TS
Hengelo Ov
Netherlands
Registration
number: 060507690000
•
Hydratight B.V.
Charles
Petitweg 8
4827HJ
BREDA
Netherlands
Registration
number: 243140940001
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES
|
Currency |
Unit
|
Indian Rupees |
|
US Dollar |
1 |
Rs.62.25 |
|
|
1 |
Rs.96.01 |
|
Euro |
1 |
Rs.70.72 |
INFORMATION DETAILS
|
Analysis Done by
: |
DIV |
|
|
|
|
Report Prepared
by : |
ANK |
RATING EXPLANATIONS
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
>86 |
Aaa |
Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest
capability for timely payment of interest and principal sums |
Unlimited |
|
71-85 |
Aa |
Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit
transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest
and principal sums |
Large |
|
56-70 |
A |
Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General unfavourable
factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for payment of
interest and principal sums |
Fairly Large |
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
26-40 |
B |
Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively
below average. |
Small |
|
11-25 |
Ca |
Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums
in default or expected to be in default upon maturity |
Limited with full
security |
|
<10 |
C |
Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised |
Credit not
recommended |
|
-- |
NB |
New Business |
-- |
This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s
credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated
from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of
this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated
through %) are as follows:
Financial
condition (40%) Ownership
background (20%) Payment
record (10%)
Credit history
(10%) Market trend (10%) Operational size
(10%)
This report is issued at your request without any
risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL)
or its officials.