|
Report No. : |
333684 |
|
Report Date : |
25.07.2015 |
IDENTIFICATION DETAILS
|
Name : |
KACHHDIYA IMPEX |
|
|
|
|
Registered
Office : |
D. No. 402, Arunoday Co-operative Housing Society Limited, V. H. Desai
Road, Near Maratha Colony, Dahisar (East), Mumbai – 400068, Maharashtra |
|
Tel. No.: |
91-22-28284068 |
|
|
|
|
Country : |
|
|
|
|
|
Financials (as
on) : |
31.03.2014 |
|
|
|
|
Year of
Establishment : |
2006 |
|
|
|
|
Capital Investment
/ Paid-up Capital : |
Rs.11.737 Million |
|
|
|
|
IEC No.: |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
TIN No.: |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
PAN No.: [Permanent Account No.] |
AACPK1137G |
|
|
|
|
Legal Form : |
Sole Proprietary Concern |
|
|
|
|
Line of Business
: |
Manufacturer, trader and importer of diamond. (Manufacturing through
job work). |
|
|
|
|
No. of Employees
: |
7 (Approximately) |
RATING & COMMENTS
|
MIRA’s Rating : |
Ba (48) |
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
Status : |
Satisfactory |
|
|
|
|
Payment Behaviour : |
Usually correct |
|
|
|
|
Litigation : |
Clear |
|
|
|
|
Comments : |
Subject is an established partnership concern incorporated during the
year 2006 having a satisfactory track record. General financial position of the concern is sound and healthy. Trade relations are reported as fair. Business is active. Payment
terms are reported to be usually correct and as per commitment. The concern can considered normal for business dealings at usual trade
terms and conditions. |
NOTES:
Any query related to this report can be made
on e-mail: infodept@mirainform.com
while quoting report number, name and date.
ECGC Country Risk Classification List – March 31, 2015
|
Country Name |
Previous Rating (31.12.2014) |
Current Rating (31.03.2015) |
|
India |
A1 |
A1 |
|
Risk Category |
ECGC Classification |
|
Insignificant |
A1 |
|
Low |
A2 |
|
Moderate |
B1 |
|
High |
B2 |
|
Very High |
C1 |
|
Restricted |
C2 |
|
Off-credit |
D |
EXTERNAL AGENCY RATING
Not Available
RBI DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS
Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter
in the publicly available RBI Defaulters’ list.
EPF (Employee Provident Fund) DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS
Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter
in the publicly available EPF (Employee Provident Fund) Defaulters’ list as of
31-03-2013.
INFORMATION PARTED BY
|
Name : |
Mr. Naresh
Ghusabhai Kachhdiya |
|
Designation : |
Proprietor |
|
Contact No.: |
91-9819550610 |
|
Date : |
24.07.2015 |
LOCATIONS
|
Registered Office : |
D. No. 402, Arunoday Co-operative Housing Society Limited, V.H. Desai Road,
Near Maratha Colony, Dahisar (East), Mumbai – 400068, Maharashtra, India |
|
Tel. No.: |
91-22-28284068 |
|
Mobile No.: |
91-9819550610 (Mr. Naresh
Ghusabhai Kachhdiya) |
|
Fax No.: |
Not Available |
|
E-Mail : |
|
|
Area : |
1000 Sq. ft. |
|
Location : |
Rented |
|
|
|
|
Corporate Office : |
No. 26, Beliram Industrial Estate, 3rd Floor, S.V. Road, Dahisar
(East), Mumbai – 400068, Maharashtra, India |
|
Area : |
1320 Sq. ft. |
|
Location : |
Owned |
|
|
|
|
Branch Office : |
FC-1010, Bharat Diamond Bourse, BKC, Bandra (East), Mumbai – 400051,
Maharashtra, India |
SOLE PROPRIETOR
|
Name : |
Mr. Naresh Ghusabhai Kachhdiya |
|
Designation : |
Proprietor |
|
Date of Birth/Age : |
04.02.1978 |
|
PAN No.: |
AACPK1137G |
BUSINESS DETAILS
|
Line of Business : |
Manufacturer, trader and importer of diamond. (Manufacturing through
job work). |
|
|
|
|
Products : |
Diamond |
|
|
|
|
Brand Names : |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
Agencies Held : |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
Exports : |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
Imports : |
|
|
Products : |
Rough Diamond |
|
Countries : |
Belgium |
|
|
|
|
Terms : |
|
|
Selling : |
L/C, Cash |
|
|
|
|
Purchasing : |
L/C, Cash |
GENERAL INFORMATION
|
Suppliers : |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Customers : |
Retailers
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
No. of Employees : |
7 (Approximately) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bankers : |
|
|
|
|
|
Auditors : |
|
|
Name : |
PMPJ and Associates Chartered Accountants |
|
|
|
|
Collaborators : |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
Membership : |
Not Divulged |
|
|
|
|
Sister Concern : |
Harshil Diam Address: D. No. 402, Arunoday Co-operative Housing Society Limited, V.H.
Desai Road, Near Maratha Colony, Dahisar (East),Mumbai – 400068, Maharashtra,
India |
CAPITAL STRUCTURE
AS ON 31.03.2014
|
Capital Investment : |
|
|
Owned : |
Rs. 11.737 Million |
|
Borrowed : |
-- |
|
Total : |
Rs. 11.737
Million |
FINANCIAL DATA
[all figures are
in Rupees Million]
ABRIDGED
BALANCE SHEET
|
SOURCES OF FUNDS |
|
31.03.2014 |
31.03.2013 |
|
|
SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS |
|
|
|
|
|
1] Proprietors Capital |
|
11.737 |
9.035 |
|
|
2] Share Application Money |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
3] Profit and Loss |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
4] (Accumulated Losses) |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
NETWORTH |
|
11.737 |
9.035 |
|
|
LOAN FUNDS |
|
|
|
|
|
1] Secured Loans |
|
5.559 |
0.791 |
|
|
2] Unsecured Loans |
|
6.578 |
5.678 |
|
|
TOTAL BORROWING |
|
12.137 |
6.469 |
|
|
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
23.874 |
15.504 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
APPLICATION OF FUNDS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FIXED ASSETS [Net Block] |
|
16.959 |
8.326 |
|
|
Capital work-in-progress |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INVESTMENT |
|
8.195 |
5.006 |
|
|
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventories |
|
172.033 |
35.411 |
|
|
Sundry Debtors |
|
25.375 |
8.930 |
|
|
Cash & Bank Balances |
|
1.441 |
1.909 |
|
|
Other Current Assets |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
Loans & Advances |
|
7.835 |
4.201 |
|
Total
Current Assets |
|
206.684 |
50.451 |
|
|
Less : CURRENT
LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sundry Creditors |
|
194.984 |
41.707 |
|
|
Other Current Liabilities |
|
12.931 |
6.526 |
|
|
Provisions |
|
0.049 |
0.046 |
|
Total
Current Liabilities |
|
207.964 |
48.279 |
|
|
Net Current Assets |
|
(1.280) |
2.172 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES |
|
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
23.874 |
15.504 |
|
PROFIT
& LOSS ACCOUNT
|
|
PARTICULARS |
|
31.03.2014 |
31.03.2013 |
|
|
|
SALES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income |
|
207.260 |
137.860 |
|
|
|
Other Income |
|
0.004 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
207.264 |
137.860 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less |
EXPENSES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of Goods Sold |
|
185.075 |
126.129 |
|
|
|
Labour Charges |
|
7.596 |
2.862 |
|
|
|
Account Charges |
|
0.030 |
0.025 |
|
|
|
Audit Fees |
|
0.019 |
0.019 |
|
|
|
Bank (Import) Charges |
|
0.040 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
Bank Charges |
|
0.008 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
Clearing and Forwarding Expenses |
|
0.194 |
0.054 |
|
|
|
Conveyance Expenses |
|
0.048 |
0.038 |
|
|
|
Duplicate Certificates |
|
0.001 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
Electricity Expenses |
|
0.117 |
0.033 |
|
|
|
Handling Charges |
|
0.003 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
Insurance Expenses |
|
0.034 |
0.030 |
|
|
|
Interest on OD A/c |
|
1.627 |
0.601 |
|
|
|
Interest on Loan |
|
0.163 |
1.503 |
|
|
|
Mobile Expenses |
|
0.008 |
0.007 |
|
|
|
Printing and Stationery |
|
0.016 |
0.013 |
|
|
|
Salary and Wages |
|
0.888 |
0.774 |
|
|
|
Sundry Expenses |
|
0.019 |
0.000 |
|
|
|
Other Expenses |
|
7.264 |
2.549 |
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
203.150 |
134.644 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROFIT
/ (LOSS) BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION |
|
4.114 |
3.216 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less |
DEPRECIATION/
AMORTISATION |
|
0.224 |
0.250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET PROFIT/
(LOSS) |
|
3.890 |
2.966 |
|
Expected Sales (2015-2016): Rs.25.000 Million
The above information has been parted by Mr. Naresh
Note: Sole Proprietary and Partnership concerns are
exempted from filing their financials with the Government Authorities or
Registry.
KEY
RATIOS
|
PARTICULARS |
|
|
31.03.2014 |
31.03.2013 |
|
Net Profit Margin (PAT/Sales) |
(%) |
|
1.88 |
2.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Return on Total Assets (PBT/Total Assets) |
(%) |
|
1.74 |
5.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Return on Investment (ROI) (PBT/Networth) |
|
|
0.33 |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt Equity Ratio (Total Debt/Networth) |
|
|
1.03 |
0.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Ratio (Current Asset/Current Liability) |
|
|
0.99 |
1.04 |
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
[all figures are
in Rupees Millions]
DEBT EQUITY RATIO
|
Particular |
31.03.2013 |
31.03.2014 |
|
|
(Rs.
In Million) |
(Rs.
In Million) |
|
Share Capital |
9.035 |
11.737 |
|
Reserves & Surplus |
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
Net
worth |
9.035 |
11.737 |
|
|
|
|
|
Secured Loans |
0.791 |
5.559 |
|
Unsecured Loans |
5.678 |
6.578 |
|
Total
borrowings |
6.469 |
12.137 |
|
Debt/Equity
ratio |
0.716 |
1.034 |

YEAR-ON-YEAR GROWTH
|
Year
on Year Growth |
31.03.2013 |
31.03.2014 |
|
|
(Rs.
In Million) |
(Rs.
In Million) |
|
Sales |
137.860 |
207.260 |
|
|
|
50.341 |

NET PROFIT MARGIN
|
Net
Profit Margin |
31.03.2013 |
31.03.2014 |
|
|
(Rs.
In Million) |
(Rs.
In Million) |
|
Sales |
137.860 |
207.260 |
|
Profit |
2.966 |
3.890 |
|
|
2.15% |
1.88% |

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION
|
Sr. No. |
Check list by
info agents |
Available in
Report (Yes/No) |
|
1 |
Year of establishment |
Yes |
|
2 |
Constitution of the entity -Incorporation
details |
Yes |
|
3 |
Locality of the entity |
Yes |
|
4 |
Premises details |
Yes |
|
5 |
Buyer visit details |
-- |
|
6 |
Contact numbers |
Yes |
|
7 |
Name of the person contacted |
Yes |
|
8 |
Designation of contact person |
Yes |
|
9 |
Promoter’s background |
Yes |
|
10 |
Date of Birth of Proprietor / Partners /
Directors |
Yes |
|
11 |
Pan Card No. of Proprietor / Partners |
Yes |
|
12 |
Voter Id Card No. of Proprietor / Partners |
No |
|
13 |
Type of business |
Yes |
|
14 |
Line of Business |
Yes |
|
15 |
Export/import details (if applicable) |
Yes |
|
16 |
No. of employees |
Yes |
|
17 |
Details of sister concerns |
Yes |
|
18 |
Major suppliers |
Yes |
|
19 |
Major customers |
Yes |
|
20 |
Banking Details |
Yes |
|
21 |
Banking facility details |
Yes |
|
22 |
Conduct of the banking account |
Yes |
|
23 |
Financials, if provided |
Yes |
|
24 |
Capital in the business |
Yes |
|
25 |
Last accounts filed at ROC, if applicable |
No |
|
26 |
Turnover of firm for last two years |
Yes |
|
27 |
Reasons for variation <> 20% |
-- |
|
28 |
Estimation for coming financial year |
Yes |
|
29 |
Profitability for last two years |
Yes |
|
30 |
Major shareholders, if available |
No |
|
31 |
External Agency Rating, if available |
No |
|
32 |
Litigations that the firm/promoter
involved in |
-- |
|
33 |
Market information |
-- |
|
34 |
Payments terms |
Yes |
|
35 |
Negative Reporting by Auditors in the
Annual Report |
No |
DIAMOND INDUSTRY – INDIA
-
From time immemorial, India is well known in the world
as the birthplace for diamonds. It is difficult to trace the origin of
diamonds but history says that in the remote past, diamonds were mined only in
India. Diamond production in India can be traced back to almost 8th
Century B.C. India, in fact, remained undisputed leader till 18th
Century when Brazilian fields were discovered in 1725 followed by emergence of
S. Africa, Russia and Australia.
-
The achievement of the Indian diamond industry was
possible only due to combination of the manufacturing skills of the Indian
workforce and the untiring and unflagging efforts of the Indian diamantaires,
supported by progressive Government policies.
-
The area of study of family owned diamond businesses
derives its importance from the huge conglomerate of family run organizations
which operate in the diamond industry since many generations.
-
Some of the basic traits of family run business
enterprises include spirit of entrepreneurship, mutual trust lowers transaction
costs, small, nimble and quick to react, information as a source of advantage
and philanthropy.
-
Family owned diamond businesses need to improve on
many fronts including higher standard of corporate governance, long-term
performance – focused strategies, modern management and technology.
-
Utmost caution is to be exercised while dealing with
some medium and large diamond traders which are usually engaged in fictitious
import – export, inter-company transactions, financially assisted by banks. In the
process, several public sector banks lost several hundred million rupees. They
mostly diverted borrowed money for diamond business into real estate and
capital markets.
-
Excerpts from Times of India dated 30th
October 2010 is as under –
-
Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council in its
statistical data has shown the export of polished diamonds to have increase by
28 % in February 2013. Compared to $ 1.4 bn worth of polished diamond export in
February, 2012, India exported $ 1.84 billion worth of polished diamonds in
February 2013. A senior executive of GJEPC said, “Export of cut and polished
diamonds started falling month-wise after the imposition of 2 % of import duty
on the polished diamonds. But February, 2013 has given a new ray of hope to the
industry as the export of polished diamonds has actually increased by 28 %. It
means the industry is on the track of recovery and round tripping of
diamonds has stopped completely.” Demand has started coming from the US, the
UK, Japan and China. India’s polished diamond export is expected to cross $ 21
bn in 2013-14.
-
The banking sector has started exercising restraint
while following prudent risk management norms when lending money to gems and
jewellery sector. This follows the implementation of Basel III accord – a
global voluntary regulatory standard on bank capital adequacy, stress testing
and market liquidity.
UNSECURED LOANS
|
PARTICULAR |
31.03.2014 (Rs. In Million) |
31.03.2013 (Rs.
In Million) |
|
Bhanubhai
M.Zalavadiya |
0.100 |
0.100 |
|
Bharatbhai
Kachhadia |
0.400 |
0.400 |
|
Doshi
Investments |
1.700 |
1.884 |
|
Ghusabhai
K.Kachhadiya |
0.500 |
0.500 |
|
Ghushabhai
Kachhadiya (HUF) |
0.030 |
0.030 |
|
Hardas
P. Kachadiya |
0.479 |
0.200 |
|
Harshil
Diam |
0.000 |
0.300 |
|
Hardik
Harendra Shah |
1.000 |
0.000 |
|
Jatin
Sevantilal Doshi |
0.319 |
0.000 |
|
Jitesh
Kachadiya |
0.160 |
0.160 |
|
Kanchan
Hardas Kachadiya |
0.045 |
0.045 |
|
Kantilal
Chaturdas Patel |
0.900 |
0.100 |
|
Madhavji
Bhai Shavjibhai Hirapara |
0.200 |
0.200 |
|
Star
Diamond(Loan) |
0.200 |
0.200 |
|
Tamanna N.Kachhdiya |
0.426 |
0.000 |
|
Valjibhai
S.Davara |
0.119 |
0.119 |
|
Yogesh
Motilal |
0.000 |
1.440 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
6.578 |
5.678 |
FIXED ASSETS
· Car
· Air Condition
· Computer
· Scooter
· Machinery
CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]
The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources
including but not limited to: The Courts,
1] INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED
PARTY
No exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners,
controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist
organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions
involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against
whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating
money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or
anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or
ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international
anti-terrorism laws.
2] Court Declaration :
No records exist to suggest that subject is or
was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other
official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper
payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or
with designated parties.
3] Asset Declaration :
No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject
are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.
4] Record on Financial
Crime :
Charges or conviction
registered against subject: None
5] Records on Violation of
Anti-Corruption Laws :
Charges or
investigation registered against subject: None
6] Records on Int’l
Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :
Charges or
investigation registered against subject: None
7] Criminal Records
No available
information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been
formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any
financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government
authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money
laundering laws or standard.
8] Affiliation with
Government :
No record
exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling
shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government
official or a family member or close business associate of a Government
official.
9] Compensation Package :
Our market
survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair
and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar
services.
10] Press Report :
No press reports / filings exists on
the subject.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on
Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often
have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit
deterioration.
Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions
between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other
financial stakeholders.
CONTRAVENTION
Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws,
regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and
conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES
|
Currency |
Unit
|
Indian Rupees |
|
US Dollar |
1 |
Rs.63.89 |
|
|
1 |
Rs.99.10 |
|
Euro |
1 |
Rs.70.12 |
INFORMATION DETAILS
|
Information Gathered
by : |
DIP |
|
|
|
|
Analysis Done by
: |
DIV |
|
|
|
|
Report Prepared
by : |
NKT |
SCORE & RATING EXPLANATIONS
|
SCORE FACTORS |
RANGE |
POINTS |
|
HISTORY |
1~10 |
5 |
|
PAID-UP CAPITAL |
1~10 |
6 |
|
OPERATING SCALE |
1~10 |
6 |
|
FINANCIAL CONDITION |
|
|
|
--BUSINESS SCALE |
1~10 |
6 |
|
--PROFITABILITY |
1~10 |
5 |
|
--LIQUIDITY |
1~10 |
5 |
|
--LEVERAGE |
1~10 |
5 |
|
--RESERVES |
1~10 |
5 |
|
--CREDIT LINES |
1~10 |
5 |
|
--MARGINS |
-5~5 |
-- |
|
DEMERIT POINTS |
|
|
|
--BANK CHARGES |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--LITIGATION |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
MERIT POINTS |
|
|
|
--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--EXPORT ACTIVITIES |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--AFFILIATION |
YES/NO |
YES |
|
--LISTED |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--OTHER MERIT FACTORS |
YES/NO |
YES |
|
DEFAULTER
|
|
|
|
--RBI |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
--EPF |
YES/NO |
NO |
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
48 |
This score serves as a reference to assess
SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated
from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of
this report. The assessed factors and their relative weights (as indicated
through %) are as follows:
Financial
condition (40%) Ownership
background (20%) Payment record
(10%)
Credit history
(10%) Market trend (10%) Operational size
(10%)
RATING EXPLANATIONS
|
RATING |
STATUS |
PROPOSED CREDIT LINE |
|
|
>86 |
Aaa |
Possesses an extremely sound financial base with the strongest capability
for timely payment of interest and principal sums |
Unlimited |
|
71-85 |
Aa |
Possesses adequate working capital. No caution needed for credit
transaction. It has above average (strong) capability for payment of interest
and principal sums |
Large |
|
56-70 |
A |
Financial & operational base are regarded healthy. General
unfavourable factors will not cause fatal effect. Satisfactory capability for
payment of interest and principal sums |
Fairly Large |
|
41-55 |
Ba |
Overall operation is considered normal. Capable to meet normal
commitments. |
Satisfactory |
|
26-40 |
B |
Capability to overcome financial difficulties seems comparatively
below average. |
Small |
|
11-25 |
Ca |
Adverse factors are apparent. Repayment of interest and principal sums
in default or expected to be in default upon maturity |
Limited with
full security |
|
<10 |
C |
Absolute credit risk exists. Caution needed to be exercised |
Credit not
recommended |
|
- |
NB |
New Business |
- |
This report is issued at your request without any
risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL)
or its officials.