MIRA INFORM REPORT

 

 

 

Report No. :

511824

Report Date :

28.05.2018

 

 

 

IDENTIFICATION DETAILS

 

Name :

EUPHORIA TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED (w.e.f. 23.08.2012)

 

 

Formerly Known As :

EUPHORIA OFFSHORE SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED

 

 

Registered Office :

Office No. 403, 4th Floor, Nishal Arcade Shopping, Near Vaishali Row House, Green City Road, Pal, Surat – 395009, Gujarat

Mob. No.:

91-261-2795556

 

 

Country :

India

 

 

Financials (as on) :

31.03.2017

 

 

Date of Incorporation :

31.12.2010

 

 

Com. Reg. No.:

04-063439

 

 

Capital Investment / Paid-up Capital :

INR 5.000 Million

 

 

CIN No.:

[Company Identification No.]

U72900GJ2010PTC063439

 

 

IEC No.:

[Import-Export Code No.]

Not Available

 

 

TAN No.:

[Tax Deduction & Collection Account No.]

Not Available

 

 

GSTN :

[Goods & Service Tax Registration No.]

Not Divulged

 

 

TIN No.:

Not Divulged

 

 

PAN No.:

[Permanent Account No.]

AACCE5768N

 

 

Legal Form :

Private Limited Liability Company.

 

 

Line of Business :

Subject is engaged in the business of Information and Technology. [Registered Activity]

 

 

No. of Employees :

Information declined by the management

 

 

RATING & COMMENTS

(Mira Inform has adopted New Rating mechanism w.e.f. 23rd January 2017)

 

MIRA’s Rating :

A

 

Credit Rating

Explanation

Rating Comments

A

Acceptable Risk

Business dealings permissible with moderate risk of default

 

Maximum Credit Limit :

USD 90000

 

 

Status :

Good

 

 

Payment Behaviour :

Regular

 

 

Litigation :

Clear

 

 

Comments :

Subject was incorporated in the year 2010 and it is having good track records.


For the financial year 2017, the company has healthily increased its revenue from operations as compared to previous year and maintained decent profitability margin of 6.70%.

 

Rating takes into consideration sound financial profile of the company marked by adequate networth base and low debt balance sheet.

 

Further, rating also derives strength from improvement in the revenue as well as profitability profile during the year.

 

Trade relations are reported as fair. Business is active. Payments are seems to be regular.

 

In view of aforesaid, the company can be considered for business dealings at usual trade terms and conditions.

 

NOTES :

Any query related to this report can be made on e-mail : infodept@mirainform.com while quoting report number, name and date.

 

 

ECGC Country Risk Classification List

 

Country Name

Previous Rating

(30.09.2017)

Current Rating

(31.12.2017)

India

A1

A1

 

Risk Category

ECGC Classification

Insignificant

 

A1

Low Risk

 

A2

Moderately Low Risk

 

B1

Moderate Risk

 

B2

Moderately High Risk

 

C1

High Risk

 

C2

Very High Risk

 

D

 

 

EXTERNAL AGENCY RATING

 

Rating Agency Name

Not Available

Rating

Not Available

Rating Explanation

Not Available

Date

Not Available

 

 

RBI DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available RBI Defaulters’ list.

 

 

EPF (Employee Provident Fund) DEFAULTERS’ LIST STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not enlisted as a defaulter in the publicly available EPF (Employee Provident Fund) Defaulters’ list as of 31-03-2018.

 

 

BIFR (Board for Industrial & Financial Reconstruction) LISTING STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not listed as a Sick Unit in the publicly available BIFR (Board for Industrial & Financial Reconstruction) list as of 28.05.2018.

 

 

IBBI (Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India) LISTING STATUS

 

Subject’s name is not listed in the publicly available IBBI (Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India) list as of report date.

 

 

INFORMATION DENIED

 

Management Non-Cooperative (Tel. No.: 91-261-2795556)

 

 

LOCATIONS

 

Registered Office :

Office No. 403, 4th Floor, Nishal Arcade Shopping, Near Vaishali Row House, Green City Road, Pal, Surat – 395009, Gujarat, India

Tel. No.:

91-261-2795556

Fax No.:

Not Available

E-Mail :

ca.jpassociates@gmail.com

Website :

http://www.euphoriatechnologies.com/

 

 

DIRECTORS

 

As on 31.03.2018

 

Name :

Mr. Mayurkumar Jaysukhlal Gohel

Designation :

Director

Address :

D-306, Surya Flats, Near Suncity, Behind Bhulkabhavan, Anand Mahal Road, Surat – 395009, Gujarat, India

Date of Appointment :

12.12.2014

DIN No.:

03345204

Other Directorship:

CIN/FCRN

Company Name

Begin Date

End Date

U72200GJ2014PTC078836

SAFFRON TECHNOSOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED

20/02/2014

-

U63090GJ2015PTC082855

BOOK N SALE TRAVEL PRODUCT PRIVATE LIMITED

10/04/2015

-

U72900PN2016PTC158807

TRADESIGNAL SOFTWARE INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

14/03/2016

-

 

 

Name :

Mr. Jayasukhlal Naranbhai Gohel

Designation :

Director

Address :

104, Dhruv Diamond Apartment, Katargam, Surat – 395004, Gujarat, India

Date of Birth/Age :

 

Date of Appointment :

04.06.2016

DIN No.:

07171078

Other Directorship:

CIN/FCRN

Company Name

Begin Date

End Date

U72200GJ2014PTC078836

SAFFRON TECHNOSOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED

27/04/2015

-

 

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS / SHAREHOLDING PATTERN

 

As on 31.03.2017

 

Names of Shareholders

 

No. of Shares

Mayurkumar Jaysukhlal Gohel

 

292500

Hiralben Mayurbhai Gohel

 

162500

Jaysukhlal Naranbhai Gohel

 

45000

 

 

 

Total

 

500000

 

 

Equity Share Break up (Percentage of Total Equity)

 

As on 30.09.2017

 

Category

Percentage

Promoter – (Individual/ Hindu Undivided Family – Indian)

100.00

Total

100.00

 

 

 

BUSINESS DETAILS

 

Line of Business :

Subject is engaged in the business of Information and Technology. [Registered Activity]

 

 

Products :

Item Code No.

Product Description

99831176

BPO, Consulting and IT enabled

service provider

 

 

Brand Names :

Not Divulged

 

 

Agencies Held :

Not Divulged

 

 

Exports :

Not Divulged

 

 

Imports :

Not Divulged

 

 

Terms :

Not Divulged

 

PRODUCTION STATUS NOT AVAILABLE

 

 

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Suppliers :

Reference :

Not Divulged

Name of the Person :

--

Contact No.:

--

Since How Long Known :

--

Maximum Limit Dealt :

--

Experience :

--

Remark:

--

 

 

Customers :

 

Reference :

Not Divulged

Name of the Person :

--

Contact No.:

--

Since How Long Known :

--

Maximum Limit Dealt :

--

Experience :

--

Remark:

--

 

 

No. of Employees :

Information declined by the management

 

 

Bankers :

Bank Name

Not Divulged

Branch

--

Person Name (With Designation)

--

Contact Number

--

Name of Account Holder

--

Account Number

--

Account Since (Date/Year of Account Opening)

--

Average Balance Maintained (If Possible)

--

Credit Facilities Enjoyed (If any)

--

Account Operation

--

Remarks (If any)

--

 

 

Facilities :

Secured Loan

31.03.2017

(INR in Million)

31.03.2016

(INR in Million)

Long-term Borrowings

 

 

Car loan from HDFC Bank

3.337

0.000

Loan – India Bulls (UTC)

7.481

0.000

 

10.818

 

Total

10.818

0.000

 

Auditors :

 

Name :

V. H. Virvadia and Company

Chartered Accountants

Address :

301, Vedant Apartments, Bhojabhai Ni Sheri, Mahidharpura, Surat – 395003, Gujarat, India

PAN N Income-tax PAN of auditor or auditor's firm :

AMOPV8107F

 

 

Memberships :

Not Available

 

 

Collaborators :

Not Available

 

 

Associates/Subsidiaries :

Not Available

 

 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

 

As on 31.03.2017

 

Authorised Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

500000

Equity Shares

INR 10/- each

INR 5.000 Million

 

 

 

 

 

Issued, Subscribed & Paid-up Capital :

No. of Shares

Type

Value

Amount

 

 

 

 

500000

Equity Shares

INR 10/- each

INR 5.000 Million

 

 

 

 

 


 

FINANCIAL DATA

[all figures are in INR Million]

 

ABRIDGED BALANCE SHEET

 

SOURCES OF FUNDS

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

 

 

 

 

I.              EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

 

 

 

(1)Shareholders' Funds

 

 

 

(a) Share Capital

5.000

0.550

0.550

(b) Reserves & Surplus

26.633

8.250

0.545

(c) Money received against share warrants

0.000

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

(2) Share Application money pending allotment

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Shareholders’ Funds (1) + (2)

31.633

8.800

1.095

 

 

 

 

(3) Non-Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) long-term borrowings

10.818

0.755

0.041

(b) Deferred tax liabilities (Net)

0.000

0.000

0.000

(c) Other long term liabilities

0.000

0.000

0.000

(d) long-term provisions

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total Non-current Liabilities (3)

10.818

0.755

0.041

 

 

 

 

(4) Current Liabilities

 

 

 

(a) Short term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Trade payables

108.235

47.004

1.957

(c) Other current liabilities

32.627

5.848

1.750

(d) Short-term provisions

5.490

1.336

0.222

Total Current Liabilities (4)

146.352

54.188

3.929

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

188.803

63.743

5.065

 

 

 

 

II.          ASSETS

 

 

 

(1) Non-current assets

 

 

 

(a) Fixed Assets

 

 

 

(i) Tangible assets

41.650

21.268

1.108

(ii) Intangible Assets

0.000

0.000

0.000

(iii) Capital work-in-progress

0.000

0.000

0.000

(iv) Intangible assets under development

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Non-current Investments

0.000

0.051

0.000

(c) Deferred tax assets (net)

2.111

2.111

0.092

(d)  Long-term Loan and Advances

2.678

0.000

0.000

(e) Other Non-current assets

0.000

0.000

0.108

Total Non-Current Assets

46.439

23.430

1.308

 

 

 

 

(2) Current assets

 

 

 

(a) Current investments

0.000

0.000

0.000

(b) Inventories

0.000

0.000

0.000

(c) Trade receivables

131.123

29.274

0.000

(d) Cash and cash equivalents

5.390

2.786

0.277

(e) Short-term loans and advances

5.675

6.636

3.280

(f) Other current assets

0.176

1.617

0.200

Total Current Assets

142.364

40.313

3.757

 

 

 

 

TOTAL

188.803

63.743

5.065

 

 

PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT

 

 

PARTICULARS

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

 

SALES

 

 

 

 

Income

273.565

80.970

9.251

 

Other Income

0.252

 

0.001

 

TOTAL

273.817

80.970

9.252

 

 

 

 

 

Less

EXPENSES

 

 

 

 

Cost of Materials Consumed

2.812

1.904

 0.000

 

Purchases of Stock-in-Trade

 0.000

0.566

5.588

 

Changes in inventories of finished goods, work-in-progress and Stock-in-Trade

 0.000

0.000 

 0.000

 

Employees benefits expense

99.692

10.856

1.388

 

Managerial Remuneration

 0.000

0.000

0.862

 

Payment to auditor

 0.000

 0.000

0.021

 

Insurance Expenses

 0.000

 0.000

0.002

 

Other expenses

133.046

56.207

0.738

 

TOTAL

235.550

69.533

8.599

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/ (LOSS)  BEFORE INTEREST, TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

38.267

11.437

0.653

 

 

 

 

 

Less

FINANCIAL EXPENSES

1.456

0.227

0.057

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT / (LOSS) BEFORE TAX, DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

36.811

11.210

0.596

 

 

 

 

 

Less

DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION

12.995

4.195

0.030

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/ (LOSS)  BEFORE TAX

23.816

7.015

0.566

 

 

 

 

 

Less

TAX

5.490

0.000

-0.014

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROFIT/ (LOSS)  AFTER TAX 

18.326

7.015

0.580

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings / (Loss) Per Share (INR)

36.65 

127.54

58.03

 

 

CURRENT MATURITIES OF LONG TERM DEBT DETAILS

 

Particulars

 

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

Current Maturities of Long term debt

NA

NA

NA

Cash generated from operations

NA

NA

NA

Net cash flow from operating activity

NA

NA

NA

 

 

KEY RATIOS

 

EFFICIENCY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

Average Collection Days

(Sundry Debtors / Income * 365 Days)

174.95

131.96

0.00

 

 

 

 

Account Receivables Turnover

(Income / Sundry Debtors)

2.09

2.77

0.00

 

 

 

 

Average Payment Days

(Sundry Creditors / Purchases * 365 Days)

14049.00

6945.94

127.83

 

 

 

 

Asset Turnover

(Operating Income / Net Fixed Assets)

0.92

0.54

0.59

 

 

LEVERAGE RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

Debt Ratio

((Borrowing + Current Liabilities) / Total Assets)

0.83

0.86

0.78

 

 

 

 

Debt Equity Ratio

(Total Liability / Networth)

0.34

0.09

0.04

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities to Networth

(Current Liabilities / Net Worth)

4.63

6.16

3.59

 

 

 

 

Fixed Assets to Networth

(Net Fixed Assets / Networth)

1.32

2.42

1.01

 

 

 

 

Interest Coverage Ratio

(PBIT / Financial Charges)

26.28

50.38

11.46

 

 

PROFITABILITY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

 

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

Net Profit Margin

((PAT / Sales) * 100)

%

6.70

8.66

6.27

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Total Assets

((PAT / Total Assets) * 100)

%

9.71

11.01

11.46

 

 

 

 

 

Return on Investment (ROI)

((PAT / Networth) * 100)

%

57.93

79.72

53.00

 

 

SOLVENCY RATIOS

 

PARTICULARS

 

31.03.2017

31.03.2016

31.03.2015

Current Ratio

(Current Assets / Current Liabilities)

0.97

0.74

0.96

 

 

 

 

Quick Ratio

((Current Assets – Inventories) / Current Liabilities)

0.97

0.74

0.96

 

 

 

 

G-Score Ratio Financial

(Networth / Total Assets)

0.17

0.14

0.22

 

 

 

 

G-Score Ratio Debt

(Debts / Equity Capital)

2.16

1.37

0.07

 

 

 

 

G-Score Ratio Liquidity

(Total Current Assets / Total Current Liabilities)

0.97

0.74

0.96

Total Liability = Short-term Debt + Long-term Debt + Current Maturities of Long-term debts

 


 

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

[all figures are INR Million]

 

DEBT EQUITY RATIO

 

Particular

31.03.2015

31.03.2016

31.03.2017

 

INR In Million

INR In Million

INR In Million

Share Capital

0.550

0.550

5.000

Reserves & Surplus

0.545

8.250

26.633

Net worth

1.095

8.800

31.633

 

 

 

 

long-term borrowings

0.041

0.755

10.818

Short term borrowings

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total borrowings

0.041

0.755

10.818

Debt/Equity ratio

0.037

0.086

0.342


 

 

YEAR-ON-YEAR GROWTH

 

Year on Year Growth

31.03.2015

31.03.2016

31.03.2017

 

INR In Million

INR In Million

INR In Million

Sales

9.251

80.970

273.565

 

 

775.257

237.860

 

 

 

NET PROFIT MARGIN

 

Net Profit Margin

31.03.2015

31.03.2016

31.03.2017

 

INR In Million

INR In Million

INR In Million

Sales

9.251

80.970

273.565

Profit

0.580

7.015

18.326

 

6.27%

8.66%

6.70%

 

 

 

 

LOCAL AGENCY FURTHER INFORMATION

 

Sr. No.

Check list by info agents

Available in Report (Yes/No)

1

Year of establishment

Yes

2

Constitution of the entity -Incorporation details

Yes

3

Locality of the entity

Yes

4

Premises details

No

5

Buyer visit details

--

6

Contact numbers

Yes

7

Name of the person contacted

Yes

8

Designation of contact person

Yes

9

Promoter’s background

Yes

10

Date of Birth of Proprietor / Partners / Directors

Yes

11

Pan Card No. of Proprietor / Partners

No

12

Voter Id Card No. of Proprietor / Partners

No

13

Type of business

Yes

14

Line of Business

Yes

15

Export/import details (if applicable)

No

16

No. of employees

No

17

Details of sister concerns

No

18

Major suppliers

No

19

Major customers

No

20

Banking Details

Yes

21

Banking facility details

Yes

22

Conduct of the banking account

--

23

Financials, if provided

Yes

24

Capital in the business

Yes

25

Last accounts filed at ROC, if applicable

Yes

26

Turnover of firm for last three years

Yes

27

Reasons for variation <> 20%

--

28

Estimation for coming financial year

No

29

Profitability for last three years

Yes

30

Major shareholders, if available

Yes

31

External Agency Rating, if available

No

32

Litigations that the firm/promoter involved in

--

33

Market information

--

34

Payments terms

No

35

Negative Reporting by Auditors in the Annual Report

No

 

 

 

 

UNSECURED LOAN

 

Unsecured Loan

31.03.2017

(INR in Million)

31.03.2016

(INR in Million)

Long-term Borrowings

 

 

Term loan from Directors

0.000

0.755

 

 

 

Total

0.000

0.755

 

 

INDEX OF CHARGES:

 

Charges Registered

SNo

SRN

Charge Id

Charge Holder Name

Date of Creation

Date of Modification

Date of Satisfaction

Amount

Address

1

G72371453

100143640

EDELWEISS RETAIL FINANCE LIMITED

04/12/2017

-

-

34200000.0

Edelweiss House, Off. C.S.T Road,KalinaMumbaiMa400098IN

2

G15980956

100055331

INDIABULLS HOUSING FINANCE LIMITED

24/09/2016

-

-

7650000.0

M - 62 & 63FIRST FLOOR, CONNAUGHT PLACENEW DELHIDe110001IN

 

 

FIXED ASSETS

 

  • Building
  • Plant and Machinery
  • Office Equipment
  • Computer
  • Furniture and Fixture
  • Motor Vehicle

 

 


 

CMT REPORT (Corruption, Money Laundering & Terrorism]

 

The Public Notice information has been collected from various sources including but not limited to: The Courts, India Prisons Service, Interpol, etc.

 

1]         INFORMATION ON DESIGNATED PARTY

No records exist designating subject or any of its beneficial owners, controlling shareholders or senior officers as terrorist or terrorist organization or whom notice had been received that all financial transactions involving their assets have been blocked or convicted, found guilty or against whom a judgement or order had been entered in a proceedings for violating money-laundering, anti-corruption or bribery or international economic or anti-terrorism sanction laws or whose assets were seized, blocked, frozen or ordered forfeited for violation of money laundering or international anti-terrorism laws.

 

2]         Court Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that subject is or was the subject of any formal or informal allegations, prosecutions or other official proceeding for making any prohibited payments or other improper payments to government officials for engaging in prohibited transactions or with designated parties.

 

3]         Asset Declaration :

No records exist to suggest that the property or assets of the subject are derived from criminal conduct or a prohibited transaction.

 

4]         Record on Financial Crime :

            Charges or conviction registered against subject:                                                           None

 

5]         Records on Violation of Anti-Corruption Laws :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                        None

 

6]         Records on Int’l Anti-Money Laundering Laws/Standards :

            Charges or investigation registered against subject:                                                        None

 

7]         Criminal Records

No available information exist that suggest that subject or any of its principals have been formally charged or convicted by a competent governmental authority for any financial crime or under any formal investigation by a competent government authority for any violation of anti-corruption laws or international anti-money laundering laws or standard.

 

8]         Affiliation with Government :

No record exists to suggest that any director or indirect owners, controlling shareholders, director, officer or employee of the company is a government official or a family member or close business associate of a Government official.

 

9]         Compensation Package :

Our market survey revealed that the amount of compensation sought by the subject is fair and reasonable and comparable to compensation paid to others for similar services.

 

10]        Press Report :

            No press reports / filings exists on the subject.

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

MIRA INFORM as part of its Due Diligence do provide comments on Corporate Governance to identify management and governance. These factors often have been predictive and in some cases have created vulnerabilities to credit deterioration.

 

Our Governance Assessment focuses principally on the interactions between a company’s management, its Board of Directors, Shareholders and other financial stakeholders.

 

 

CONTRAVENTION

 

Subject is not known to have contravened any existing local laws, regulations or policies that prohibit, restrict or otherwise affect the terms and conditions that could be included in the agreement with the subject.

 

 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

 

Currency

 

Unit

INR

US Dollar

1

INR 68.26

UK Pound

1

INR 91.22

Euro

1

INR 79.88

 

 

INFORMATION DETAILS

 

Information Gathered by :

PRT

 

 

Analysis Done by :

PRA

 

 

Report Prepared by :

JYO


 

SCORE FACTORS

 

DEMERIT POINTS

 

 

--BANK CHARGES

YES/NO

YES

--LITIGATION

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER ADVERSE INFORMATION

YES/NO

NO

MERIT POINTS

 

 

--SOLE DISTRIBUTORSHIP

YES/NO

NO

--EXPORT ACTIVITIES

YES/NO

NO

--AFFILIATION

YES/NO

NO

--LISTED

YES/NO

NO

--OTHER MERIT FACTORS

YES/NO

YES

 

 

RATING EXPLANATIONS

 

Credit Rating

Explanation

Rating Comments

A++

Minimum Risk

Business dealings permissible with minimum risk of default

A+

Low Risk

Business dealings permissible with low risk of default

A

Acceptable Risk

Business dealings permissible with moderate risk of default

B

Medium Risk

Business dealings permissible on a regular monitoring basis

C

Medium High Risk

Business dealings permissible preferably on secured basis

D

High Risk

Business dealing not recommended or on secured terms only

NB

New Business

No recommendation can be done due to business in infancy stage

NT

No Trace

No recommendation can be done as the business is not traceable

 

NB is stated where there is insufficient information to facilitate rating. However, it is not to be considered as unfavourable.

 

This score serves as a reference to assess SC’s credit risk and to set the amount of credit to be extended. It is calculated from a composite of weighted scores obtained from each of the major sections of this report. The assessed factors are as follows:

 

·         Financial condition covering various ratios

·         Company background and operations size

·         Promoters / Management background

·         Payment record

·         Litigation against the subject

·         Industry scenario / competitor analysis

·         Supplier / Customer / Banker review (wherever available)

 

 

PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL : This information is provided to you at your request, you having employed MIPL for such purpose. You will use the information as aid only in determining the propriety of giving credit and generally as an aid to your business and for no other purpose. You will hold the information in strict confidence, and shall not reveal it or make it known to the subject persons, firms or corporations or to any other. MIPL does not warrant the correctness of the information as you hold it free of any liability whatsoever. You will be liable to and indemnify MIPL for any loss, damage or expense, occasioned by your breach or non observance of any one, or more of these conditions

This report is issued at your request without any risk and responsibility on the part of MIRA INFORM PRIVATE LIMITED (MIPL) or its officials.